The later fate of the original is unknown. Jerome saw and used it in the library of C;esarea;J perhaps it was destroj'ed by the invasiin of the Arabs. A similar fate may have brought the codex, from which the Cairo-leaf was saved, into the hand of the Jew wlio used it in the eleventh cent, for a Hebrew liturgical book. In these specimens there was no occasion to apply eitlier ohelus or asterisk. In On 1 the lirst occasions to use the obelus occurred v.* -:-»toi iydftro ourusX, v.* -r Kal elSei/ 6 Oeds 6ti KaX6v\, v.* ~- Kal ffvy^x^V • • • 7) (ijpiX. In vv.'- " the onlj- document known which lias preserved the obelus in the text is the Arabic version made from the Syriac ; on xv." and ' Origen him.self, Basil, and some scliolia testify that the obelized passages were not found in the Hebrew. The first occasion to insert a piece with the asterisk occurred at the end of v.', where p '-'i had no equivalent in G and Origen supplied ^ Kal i-yivfTo ourwsX, and so on.
These are .simple cases ; but what was to be done when there was variation of order or ditlerence of sense! In the former case (dillerent arrangement of ifl and ffi, as in Exoilus, Proverbs, Jeremiali) Origen adopted a twofoUl course. If the ditlerence was not too great, he let the text of every column follow its exemplar, but niurked these passages by both signs at once, asterisk and obelus (us wapi. vaai iiii> (pepdfitya, oiic i¥ aurois ii riirois). Elsewhere
• See Sw. p. 74 : • It is difficult t« conceive of a codex or series of codices so pigantic as the Ilexaiila ... It« bulk would have been nearly jive times us preat as that of the Vatican or ijinaitic OT. It may be roughly estimated that the Hexapla, if written in the form of a codex, would have filled a'.J.'iO k-axes or ef»(M» pages; and these fljfures are exclusive of the Vm'n'a and Sexta, which may have swelled the total considerably. Even tne Tetrapla would have exceeded ilUUO leaves.' — According to the ediclum OiocUtiani cop.\ ists were paid at the nile of 26 or 20 denarii for 100 lines, accoriling to the quality of the writing. From the Htichometrical lists of the llible we know that the I'salter had 6iuo lines, a complete OT about 80,000, a complete liible about 100,000. This would make 20.000 or 20,000 denarii for thecop3iiii,'of an ortlinar)' Bible. In the time of Constanlitie, Epiphanius. when becoming monk, reserved from his fortune for buying the divine and life-giving Scriptures t* itf^trfju^rm. (forty gold coins).
t See p. 444 ; also the examples given by Field (1. p. xiv from 2 K l%* in 7 and I>s 109 (1 10) a in « columns.
X See de Vir. III. c. 64 ; commeitlarioli in Pmlmoa (ed. Dom Moriu, Atiecdota MaredMtlana, 1N1.0 (iii. 1, p. 6): * ntun ifwAoi^f Origenis in Cujsariensi bibliotheca relugens ; and p. 12 on I's 4"* * Id tpiod In iiluriniis codicibus invenitur, "ct olel corum," cum vctustum Origenis Hexaplum I'salterium relej^erem, quod ipsiua manu fuerat emendaluin, nco in hebnuo nee in ceteris editioni- bus liei apud ipmm qxioqu* Sepfuaijinta interpreUt repperi,' (All MSS have it, ami the Svriac Hexapla has it). It may have lielonged to those fxioks In his library which Aracius and Kuzoius took care * In mcmbranlH instAurare,' ■» r^uAriait «,«>i^ ruttieti, to transcribe from papyrus on vellum {PliiUmit opera ed. CohD-Weudliuid, i. p. Ui; Jerome, <U Vir. lU. a lU: of 84, L).
1
444
SEPTUAGINT
SEPTUAGINT
(for instance in Jer 25"°'-) he followed the order of IH, as did Lucian, Chrysostom, and all modern editors of Polyglot Bibles. No doubt Origen would make a note on this diflierent arrangement, but this is missing in the documents as we now have them. The obelus appears under various forms, mostly
-:-, but also with two dots ~ or -=-; or without any
dot -Xj ; so especially in the Codex Sarravianua. Tlie form -=- was called XrnxvlnKos, -r iiro\r)fu'i(rKos i their exact meaning is unknown, for what Epi- phanius says about tlieir ditl'erence is nonsense (sea Field, Pruleg. lix.). The metobelus y (a mallet) or : signities the end of the notation. As a specimen
PS 22 (21) *>-2a FROM THE CAIEO PALIMPSEST.*
Hebrew (supplied
Hebrew in Greek
1
from Hebrew
transcription
Aquila.
S}iumachii8.
o
(lostX 1
1
Bible).
(lost).
» nrKi]
(TV 5e
<rv 5e
av Se K*
ni.T
• **
nini
nini
nini
.„
^«
...
M
fl7]
pt7)
..
pmn
.«
fjMKpVVTfS
^Kpaif
pLaKpVVTJi
~
'ni'7'K
.M
IffXVpOTTJS flOV
yevT} pjiv
TTfv ^07]diay p,ov
_
'n-iii'S
...
ct$ ^07]diav fiov
■jrpos T-rjv ^<yij$iaw fiov
€LS r-qv avTiKt^tj/Lv pu)v
—
: nam
...
<TT€V<TOV
(Tirevaov
irpoo-x^^
—
n n^-i-.i
»
pvcrai
e^eXou
pvaai
~
anno
.«
airo p-axo-t-pV^
airo p.axo.ipT}S
airo pop.<f}aiat
-
Ts:
*^
^vxV'^ P-ov
T-qv \pvxrjv fiov
T7}V ^VXf}V p^OV
—
TO
...
airo xftpos
€K X^tpOi
Kai €K x^f^po^
••
3^3
• K
KVVOS
KVVO^
KVfOS
_
1 'm'n'
...
fiovaxv*' MOW
T7}V p.0V0T1JTa fJMV
T7]V pLOVOyeUT} pLOV
-
» •jV't?in
...
(Tioaov fX€
(Toicroy pte
(Tiaaou p.€
-
'SD
• •a
airo OTOfiaTOi
€K OTOp-aTOt
€K <TT0p.aT0i
«.
nnK
.*■
XeovTos
XeovTos
XeocTos
M.
•3ipai
».
/cat airo xeparup
Kat airo Keparojv
Kai airo KCparujp