TrXaTfia, in which the root idea is the same It applies to the open space at the gate (see Open Place) where assemblies met, cases were tried, and business done ; also to any square or open space in the city, as, e.g., before the house of God (Ezk 10>»). ?!!? occurs in Pr 7*, Ec 12*-», Ca 3-. In the first LXX renders 5io5os, 'thoroughfare'; in the others ayopi. This corresponds with Arab. 4«/v = 'niaiket,' or 'place of concourse': zukak is used for the common passages between the houses. In NT irXarefa and pOixrj are practically synony- mous. Although in Lk 14-' we read TrXortias iral pi'Mas, possibly here implying distinction in breadth, and rendered 'streets and lanes,' yet the street called Straight in Damascus is called pi/jui; (Ac 9"), and it was one of the finest streets in Syria. For ayopd (Mk 6"*) RV gives correctly ' market place.'
W. EWINQ.
STRENGTH OF ISRAEL The EV tr. of the
Divine title '7s<-;v": nsj in IS 15'-^. The word mi occurs parallel with ^l■■^, n-iNr.-i, m_n^, .i^ia, in a list of Divine attributes in 1 Ch 29", where it is tr. in EV 'victory' (so LXX vUri). Driver (Heb. Text of Samuel, p. 98) points out that the proper meaning of the root nsj is splenduit, and argues that the sense of victory is a special and derived one. He adopts for Sxic" nsj the tr. ' the Glory of Israel ' (similarly, Lbhr). H. P. Smith (following the Vulg. triumphator) renders ' the Victor ' ; Wellh. 'the Faithful one.' The LXX in 1 S Ip^" has Kal 5iaLpe$ri<reTai '\7pai)\ els Svo, which implies that the Gr. translator Fead or misread nsn- for nsi.
J. A. Selbie.
STRIKE, STROKE.— The verb 'to strike' is of AngloSax. origin, coming from strican 'to ad vance swiftly and smoothly ' (Middle Eng. .ttriken),* though it is allied to Lat. stringere ' to touch swiftly and lightly, graze.' It is thus properly an intrans. verb, its trans, form being ' stroke ' (from Anglo - Sax. stracian, causal of strican). But ' strike ' early adopted a transitive sense, and the two verbs were not kept distinct.
1. In A V ' strike ' occurs transitively in the phrase 'strike through.'
For example : Jg 62^ ' VTben she had pierced and stricken through his temples ' On^"] '"i^^C't ^^ ' she struck throuf::h hia temples ' ; Moore ' she . . . demolishes his temple, lit. mokes it vanish,' with a long note justifying the tr.; the Oj/. Heb. Lex, gives 'pierce' ; the Heb. vh. is usually intrans. 'pass on or away,' but here and in Job 202^ it is trans. ' pass through ') ; Job 203* 'The bow of steel shall strike him through,' Ps 110°, Pr "'•O, La 49, Hab 3'* (RV 'pierce'). It is a strong phrase meaning to cni^h, and the verb 'strike' has its origineu meaning' of swift motion. C(. Milton, Re/onn. in Enij. i, ' The bnght and blissful Reformation (by Divine Power) strook through the black and settled Night ol Ignorance and Anti • Christian Tyranny.'
2. Through the confusion between ' strike ' and ' stroke,' the former came to mean rub smoothly. There are some examples in AV.
Ex 12' ' They shall take of the blood and strike it on the two side-posts' (>:n;, LXX Bi,<ra,r„, RV 'put it'); so 1222; also 2 K 6^1 ' He will surely come out to me, and stand, and call on the name of the Lord his God, and strike his hand over the place, and recover the leper' (D'ip^n-'?N S-i; f]'4n, LXX iwi8r.ru Tti, zitp* ati-Tov tTi rir T«*c», RV * wave his hand over the place ' —because it is the same Heb. verb that is used for ' waving ' the ' wave-ofJering ' (Ex '2934. w etc ], for wa\ing the hand as a signal [Is 132], and the like— see Oa/- II fb. Lex. a. ']il); To 11" ' He strake of the gall on his father's eyes* (T^os-iTaj-i Tr,> x*^^'^ **^ ToU e^tia.\u.o-j;). Cf. Holland, J'tiJii/, ii. 313, 'If the side-poets or doore-cbeeks of any house be striked with the said bloud, 'fhere- soever magicians &re busie with their (eats and Juggling casta, they shall take no eflect.'
* This early meaning is most nearly seen in the phrase stricken in age or in years: On 18** 'Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age* [D'p,*5 D'N?, which if alwavs the Heb. whether the Eng. be ' age ' (Gn 18" 241, Jo« 23' 2) or 'years' (Jos 13' bis)] ; Lk 1' J They both were now well stricken in years' (Tpc^i^rjuTK it ratt Kfj.ipau< aii/v£i\ lit*. Cf. Robinson's Morels Utopia, 29, * 1 chaunced to espye this fore- sayde Peter talkynge with a certayne Straunger, a man weD stricken in a^ee.'
STRIPES
SUCCEED, SUCCESS
625
3. To ' strike sail ' is sinii>ly to haul it down in order to ease the ship: Ac 27" ' strake sail,' Gr. XaXdiTai'Tes t6 ffKeCos, 11 V ' they lowered tlie {,'ear ' — see Smith, Vuijaqe and Hhipivrevk, p. 1U5 ff. ; Ramsay, St. Paul the Traveller, 329 f.; and the notes by Page and b3- Knowling.
4. To ' strike hands ' is to become security, as Pr 17'* 'A man void of understanding stnketh hands, and bctonieth suret}' in tlie presence of his friend," so 6' It""- 22-», Job 17», Ad. Est 14«. The expression is Heb. and arises from tlie action.