11 Sesa. iv. Vecretum de Canonicit Scripturis. ** For this apocryphal letter sec Lightfoot, Colouiaiu, pp. t74- SOO ; also Westcott, Canon <(/ the XT, App. E, p. WO.
f,
Chronicles), Esdroe primus et secundus, qui dicitni Neliemias, Tobias, Judith, Esther, Job, Psalterium Davidicum centum quinquaginta Psalmonun, Parabolae, Ecclesiastes, Canttcum Canticorum, Sapientia, Ecclesiasticiis, Isaias, Jeremias cum B'track (Lamentations is included under Jere- miah in the Tridentine list, though printed separ- ately as ' Threni ' in tlie Bihle), Ezechiel, Daniel ; duodecim Prophetae minores, vd est : Osea, Joel, Amos, Abdias (i.e. Obadiah), Jonas, Michaeas, Nahum, Habacuc, Sonhonias (i.e. Zephaniah), Aggiinis (i.e. Ilagg.ai), Zacliarias, Malachias ; Duo Mac/utbworum, primus et secundus. The order of books, it will be seen, is the same as in an English Bible, except that the books which we count apocryphal (and which are printed in the above list in italics) are with us placed at the end ; the sequence of books, however, is the same in our ' Apocrypha,' save that we insert the two addi- tional books of Esdras and the Praj'er of Manasses, which are not mentioned in the Trent list, but form in the Clementine Vulgate an appendix to the Bible, lieaded by the note ' Oratio Manassse, necnon libri duo, qui sub libri tertii et quarti Esdrae nomine circumfcruntur hoc in loco, extra scilicet seriem canonicorura librorum, quos sancta Tridentina synodus suscepit, et pro canonicis suscipiendos decrevit, sepositi sunt, ne prorsus interirent, <^uippe gui a nonnullis Sanctis Patribus, et in aliquibus Bibliis latinis tam manuscriptis quam impressis reperiuntur.' See also art. APOC- EVPHA in vol. i. esp. p. 115 f.
With regard to differences of amount contained under the title of this or that book, or the arrange- ment of matter in it, tlie following should be noticed. In most of the books of the OT the only diH'erence found is an occasional variation in the versing, the last verse in a chapter being split up into two, and so on ; these are too unimportant to notice. It should be remembered that in its numeration of the Commandments the Vulgate Bible includes our second commandment in the hrst, and divides up the tenth into two, thereby preserv- ing the full number of ten ; this division is also emploj-ed by the Lutherans: see DECALOGUE.
'1 he Bk. of Esther in the Vulgate contains the additional chapters, which with us are printed separately in the Apocrypha after Judith. The later chapters of Job are arranged difi'erently from the Authorized Version, though the amount con- tained is the same : eh. 39 contains 35 verses against 30 of AV, and consequently finishes at 40° of AV, and 40' = our 40' ; and as this contains 28 ver.ses against our 24, the chapter finishes at 41' of AV, and41' = our 41"'; but as 41 in the Vulgate has only 25 verses against our 34, the dili'erence ends there, and 42 begins in the Vulgate in the same place as in the AV.
The variation in the Psalms is perhaps the most puzzling. The Vulgate follows the Hebrew in counting the title, where there is one, as the first verse of the Psalms, so that the versing is in these Psalms one verse ahead of A V. Pss. 9 and 10 form one Psalm in Vulgate, so that AV is one Psalm in front of the Vulgate for ne.arly all the rest of the Psalter, e.g. 11 AV = 10 Vulg. etc.; Pss. 114 and
115 forming also one Psalm in Vulgate (i.e. 113), the AV is now two in front of the Vulgate ; but as
116 AV consists of two Psalms in Vulgate, 114 and 115 (which begins at v." ' I believed, therefore have I spoken '), it does not keep so for long ; finally, 147 AV also consists of two Vulgate Psalms, 146 and 147 (which begins at v." * Praise the Lord, O Jeru- salem'), so that 148, 149, 150 are the same in each.
In Lamentations ch. 5 of AV appears in the Vulgate as a separate book, under the title of ' Oratio Jeremiae inonheta;.'
In Daniel at Z" follow the additions which are
886
VULGATE
VULGATE
printed in our Apocrypha after Baruch as ' the Song of the three Holy Children ' ; the versing is ditlercnt, being ^-^ instead of '■'^, so that 3-* AV = 3" Vulgate, which numbers in all 100 verses to the chapter, and runs into 4', chapter 4' Vulgate beginning at 4* AV but liiiishing at the same verse {** Vulg. =" AV); the other apocryphal additions are found at the end of the book, the story of Susanna forming eh. 13, and Bel and the Dragon ch. 14.
vi. Manuscripts of the Vulgate. — Anything like a complete enumeration of the Vulgate MISS in Europe would be out of the question ; there are tbon.sands, not only in the public libraries, but in private libraries and collections. Berger has e.\- auiined more than 800 in the libraries of Paris alone ; and it is estimated that the total number cannot be less than 8000. Nor would a complete enumeration, even if possible, be of much use to the student ; the majority are late 13th and 14th cent. MSS, of very slight critical value, and prob- ably all presenting the corrupt type of text about which Roger Bacon used such strong language.