9. Halla, abn the ‘Dough,’ a portion thereof to be given to the priest (Nu 1518), 4 chapters.
10. ‘Orla, nowy ‘Uncircumcised,’ fruits of the tree during the first three years (Lv 1923f:), 3 chapters.
ll. Bikkirim, o'Nd3 ‘First Fruits,’ brought to the temple (Dt 261f., Ex 2319), 3 chapters.
IL MO‘Ep, 1y41D ‘Season.’
1. Shabbath, naw ‘Sabbath,’ laws relating to it, mainly pro- hibitions of work (Ex 2010 ete.), 24 chapters.
2. ‘Bradin, p2vy ‘Amalgamations’ or ideal combinations of localities with the purpose of extending the Sabbath boundary, as well as laws as to the Sabbath day’s journey. 10 chapters.
3. Pésdhim, 0708 ‘Passovers,’ laws relating to them (Ex 121f, Ly 234, Nu 91), 10 chapters.
4, Shékalim, o°pw ‘Shekels,’ collected for the temple (Ex 3012, Neh 1033), and the various objects for which they were spent; including lists of the higher officials of the temple. 8 chapters.
5. Yomd, xv ‘The Day’ (also Yom Hakkippirim, oy n550 ‘The day of Atonement’), treating of the service in the temple on that day, and of the laws relating to fasting (Ly 161f-). 8 chapters.
6. Sukka, 730 ‘Booth’ or ‘Tabernacle,’ respecting the laws on dwelling in booths for seven days, and other observances during this feast (Lv 2334, Nu 29124). 8 chapters.
7. Bézd, 7¥2 ‘Egg’ (so called after the first words with which the tractate begins, but also termed Yém 7'6b, av ni? ‘Feast’), enumerating the different kinds of work permitted or prohibited on festivals (Ex 1210). 5 chapters.
8. Rosh Hashshdnd, ny Wx ‘New Year,’ dealing with ques- tions relating to the calendar, but chiefly with the laws to be observed on the first of the 7th month (7ishri), the civil New Year of the Jews (see Lv 2324, Nu 2914), 4 chapters.
9. Tadnith, Wiyn ‘Fast,’ respecting the laws observed and the order of the liturgy on such days. 4 chapters.
10. Mégilla, mn ‘Roll’ of Esther, relating to the laws to be
observed on the feast of Purim. 4 chapters. ' 11, Mé‘ed KGton, joQ Aid ‘Minor Feast’ (also called p*pvin, the first word of the tractatie), ¢.¢. the laws relating to the days intervening between the first and last days of the feast of Pass- over and that of Tabernacles. 4 chapters.
12. Hagiga, 7734 ‘Feast-Offering,’ treating of the duty of pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the sort of sacrifices to be brought on such occasions (see Ex 2317 and Dt 1616), as well as of laws regarding the degrees of defilement (against which the pilgrims are cautioned). 3.chapters.
III. NAsuim, 0°Y3 ‘Women.’
1. Yebaméth, nipay ‘Levirate Marriages’ (Dt 255), and the forbidden degrees in marriage (Ly 18, etc.). 16 chapters.
2. Kethwboth, niaind ‘Marriage Deeds and Marriage Settle- ments’ (see Ex 2216), 18 chapters.
3. Néddrim, 0°73 ‘Vows,’ and their annulment (Nu 303M), 11 chapters.
4, Nazir, 113 ‘Nazirite’ (Nu 62f.), 9 chapters.
5. S6ta, nid ‘The Suspected Woman’ (Nu 512), 9 chapters,
6. Gitlin, ja ‘Letters of Divorce’ (Dt 241f-), 9 chapters,
7 Kiddishin, pws? ‘Betrothals.’ 4 chapters.
IV. Nizigty, j'213 ‘Damages.’
1-3. Baba Kammda, 82) 8232 ‘First Gate’; Baba Meézi‘a,
TALMUD
TALMUD 61
SSID NID ‘Second Gate’; Baba Bathraé, stn “iz ‘Last Gate.’ These formed in ancient times only one tractate, bearing the same title as the whole order, })p'11 n3DD ‘Tractate of Damages,’ divided into three sections, each section consisting of 10 chapters. These three treat of (1) damages and injuries caused by man and beasts for which he is responsible (see Ex «2118. 22ff-); (2) of laws concerning lost property, trusts, the prohibition of usury and similar matters, duties towards hired labourers, etc. (see Ex 226ff 233.4, Ly 1913 9514.36, Dt 2320. 26 and 2414); (8) laws relating to the different ways of taking pos- session of various kinds of property, the right of pre-emption, definition of certain terms used in contracts and oral trans- actions, order of inheritance (see Nu 276#:), ete.
4.5. Sanhedrin, 717730 (10 chapters), and Makkdth, nad ‘Stripes’ (8 chapters), also forming in ancient times one trac- tate. The former treats of the constitution of the various courts of justice and their modes of procedure, the examination of witnesses, and the four kinds of capital punishment for grave crimes, as well as of the punishment consisting in being excluded from eternal life, etc. etc. The latter deals with offences for which the infliction of 39 stripes is prescribed (Dt 252), with false witnesses (Dt 1916f-), and the laws relating to the cities of refuge (Nu 3510f, Dt 192#-).
6. Shebhi 6th, niyiav ‘Oaths,’ taken in private or administered by the court (Lv 51-4). 6 chapters.
7. ‘Edtyyoth, ney ‘ Evidences,’ containing a collection of laws and decisions gathered from the statements made by distinguished- authorities. 8 chapters.
8. ‘Abéda Zara, my Asay ‘Idolatry,’ regarding the treat- ment of idols and their worshippers (Dt 425f:), 5 chapters.
9. *Aboth, niayx ‘Fathers’ (of Jewish tradition), containing mostly ethical sayings and maxims of the Tannaim. 5 chapters.
10. Hérayoth, niin ‘Decisions’ (wrong ones) given by the authorities, treating of the sacrifices to be brought if the public acted in accordance with such erroneous teachings (Ly 41%), 3 chapters.
V. Kopasuiv, Dv? ‘Sacred’ things.
1. Zéebahim, 0°N2} ‘Sacrifices’ (also called Dwap non and ni327p), treating of the laws relating to the various modes of offerings, the sprinkling of the blood, the burning of the fat pieces or of whole animals, etc. (av 11), 12 chapters.