s. Antioch of Pisidia: a Jewish synagogue men- tioned in Ac 13",
t. Lycia and the city of Phaselis: see 1 Mac 15%, with the above remarks on that passage.
u. Korykos in Lycia: a tomb-inscription of late date (REJ x. 76).
y. Zlos in Lycia: a tomb-inscription from some- where about the end of the Ist cent. A.D. (Eranos Vindobonensis, 1893, pp. 99-102). According to it, the pgov (sepulchral monument) was erected by a certain Ptolemzeus for himself and his son Ptole- meus vrép apyovrelas Tedouuévas map’ jpuetv Lovdalors, dore avro civac mdvTwv Tey "lovdaiwy Kal undéva éfdy elvat Erepov TeO Hvar ev avT@. étiy OE Tus ebpebely Tivd. TLOGY dpedréoe Tiwéwr TQ Siu [the conclusion is wanting].
w. Pamphylia and the city of Side: see 1 Mac 15 and the general testimony of Philo (see above, p. 92%), also Ac 2”,
x. Cilicia: see likewise Philo, 7.c. Since, accord- ing to Ac 6°, Cilician Jews lived in Jerusalem in somewhat large numbers, the Diaspora in Cilicia must have been very considerable. Tarsus, the capital of Cilicia, was, as is well known, the birth- place of the Apostle Paul (Ac 9" 2199 293), One lovdas wos loon Tapoevs is mentioned on a tomb- inscription of Jope (Euting, Sitzwngsberichte der Berliner Akademie, 1885, p. 686). In the 4th cent. A.D. the Jewish patriarch caused the dues to be collected ‘in every city of Cilicia’ from the resident Jews (Epiphanius, Har, xxx. 11: amd éxdorns Toews THS Kidtketas Ta émidéxara Kal rds amapxas mapa tov év ry érapxla ‘Tovdalwy elcémparrer).
y. Korykos in Cilicia: a Jewish sarcophagus with inscription (Denkschriften der Wiener Akad- emie, Phil.-Hist. Classe, Bd. xliv. [1896] p. 68).
z. Iconium in Lycaonia: a Jewish synagogue mentioned in Ac 14'; on inscriptions there, cf. art. GALATIA in vol. ii. p. 88».
aa. Galatia: testimonies here very scanty, for there are none in Jos. Ant. XVI. vi. 2 (the closing remark that the edict of Augustus in favour of the
DIASPORA
Jews was to be set up at Ancyra is based upon a false reading; the MSS have apyupn). A tomb- inscription from Galatia will be found in Bulletin de corresp. hellén. vii. 24 (=REJ x. 77). The in- scription CJG 4129 was found in the neighbour- hood of Doryleum, not therefore in Galatia. Cf., in general, art. GALATIA in vol. ii, p. 85>.
bb. Cappadocia: 1 Mac 15% (despatch from the Romans to king Ariarathes) is sufficient to justify the assumption that Jews were settled there. also Ac 2°; Mishna, K ethuboth, xiii. 11; Neubauer, Géog. du Talmud, pp. 317-319 ; tomb-inscriptions of Cappadocian Jews at Jope, in PEFSt. 1893, p. 290, and 1900, pp. 118,122. In the Jerusalem Talmud we meet with three Jewish scholars from Cappadocia (R. Judan, R. Jannai, R. Samuel) ; see Krauss, Griech. und lat. Lehnwérter im T almud, ul. [1899] 558; Bacher, Die Agada der palist. Amorder, iii. [1899] 106, 749.
ec. Bithynia and Pontus: the general testimony of Philo (Legato ad Gaiwm, § 36, dxpc Bedvrlas Kai T@y rod Idyrov wvxdv) ; a Bithynian tomb-inseription of late date (REJ xxvi. 167-171). On Sampsame (1 Mac 15)=Amisus in Pontus, see above, p. 93. From Pontus came both the Aquilas, the com- panion of St. Paul (Ac 182), and the author of a Gr. translation of the Old Testament. Cf. also Ac 2°.
dd. Pantikapeum in the Crimea: two inserip- tions of great interest (Latyschev, Inseriptiones antique ore septentrionalis Ponti Eucxini, ii., Nos. 52, 53 [better texts here than in CJG 2114», 2114°)), one of which is dated from the year A.D. 81. Both contain deeds relating to the manumission of slaves of Jewish owners. At the close it is noted that the Jewish community ‘took part in superin- tending’ this legal instrument, i.¢. shared the re- sponsibility for its correct execution (cwvemurporeovans dé kal THs cwaywyhs Tay *Iovdalwy). Thus even in that remote region there was in the Ist cent. A.D. an organized Jewish community.
5. Ley pr.—tif even in Syria and Asia Minor the Jewish population was a numerous one, this was pre-eminently the case in Egypt. Here, moreover, the Jews came to play an important part in the history of civilization ; for, thanks to their favour- able social position, they were able to adopt in large measure the Greek culture, and thus became the principal representatives of the Jewish-Greek form of thought. The emigration of larger masses of Jews to Egypt must undoubtedly be held to have first taken place in the Greek period. But sporadic migrations or even forcible transplantings happened earlier than this. Soon after the destruc- tion of Jerusalem by Nebuchadrezzar (B.C. 586), a large company of Jews, from fear of the Chaldeans, and in spite of the protests of the prophet Jere- miah, took their departure to Egypt (Jer 42. 43; for the motive see Jer 41). They settled in various parts, at Migdol, Tahpanhes, Noph, and Pathros (Jer 441). But we do not know whether their de- scendants maintained their existence here as Jews. —Pseudo-Aristeas speaks of two transplantings of Jewish settlers to Egypt prior to the time of Ptolemy Lagi: one in the time of the Persians, and one much earlier, under Psammetichus, who in his expedition to Ethiopia is said to have had even Jewish soldiers in his army (Aristew Epist., ed. Wendland, § 13: #dy pmév Kal mpdrepov ixavdy eloeAn\vObtww adv TH Ilépoy kal mpd TobTwy érépwy cup- paxiov ékarecradpevay mpds Tov rwv AlOcorwy Baowdéa MaxeoOar civ Vaupnrixw. The king last named is probably Psammetichus 1. [B.C. 594-589], who undertook a campaign against Ethiopia. That amongst others there were Semitic mercenaries in his army, we know from the inscriptions of Abu- Simbel [on which ef. the Literature cited in Pauly-