tl et e e ee 1 \ L ient C ab el a one ot tl o t po tai t of tl era —
R W Moss one of four of even of seventy accord ng to
GABRIEL IS mentioned in Lk 1 as appearing to diflerent enumerations in Jewish writings. See
Zachari.Ts to aiinonnee the future prei!iiancy of Jewish Ennic. s.v. O. H. GATES. Elisaheth au.l fh.- hirll, of .l.ihn. ami to Mary with
asiiiiil.-ir.aiini.iiiiie nt ..f Ih.- hirlh ..f .lean's. To GADARA, GADARENES.— In the AV in Mk 5'
Zachan.i,, he ,l...hiiis th.it he is \M.nl losianil in ' .and Lk 8='' Jesus is said to have come into the the presence ..f (hi.l, au.l that In- i-. siail hv llim ' 'eouiitrv ..f th.' ( ha.hir.ai.'s.' Tii the KV this is
on the mission slal.'.l. When he i-^ a^keil' lor a .■oriv..|..'.l I,, ■ ( lei-.a-eiie-.' On tli.- oilier h.a.iid, the
sign, he is coniii..(..nl !.. ii.,]i..-.. ihi- -.'M.r.. -.j.jn of A \' in Ml ,s-- h;;^ ■e..iiiilrv of tli.' ( lei-esenes,' dumbness until the fullilin.-ut of the pr.'.lietiou , while th.' l;\' h.is ■ Cnhirl^iie,.,.' 'riii-.. are the that has been made. The Gospel mention of 1 onh |ia,-,i._:.- all i.-teiiiim to (lii> . ur.' of the
Gabriel, then, is as a messenger of the signal dem. .111,1. .nnl 1 la- ilest 1 u.i ion oi 1 In- henl of swine
favour of God, at least in connexion with the — w h.i.- 1 ;a.i:n ,1 1- iii.nti..ii..l m S. 1 ipi m.'. How
Messiah and His forerunner. the rea.lin- l'oi"n,..).'.Oi' erepl in, .u. if oii-inal, wliat
nt,er
,els
032
GAIX
GALILEE
exactly it meant, we may not be able to explain satisfactorily, but one tliincr is certain, — the niLracle cannot have taken [nace at the city of Gadara, the modern Umm Kcis. For that town stands on a high plateau on the further side of the wide and extremely steep gorge of the Hieromax river, and is about a 3 hours' ride distant from the Lake. As Thomson says (LB ii. p. 354), ' If the miracle was performed at Gadara, then the swine must have run down the mountain for an hour, forded the deep Jarmuk (Hieromax), ascended its northern bank, and raced across the level plain several miles before they could reach the nearest margin of the lake — a feat which no herd of s«-ine would be likely to achieve even though they were " possessed.'" In short, no on» who has seen the position of Gadara would ever dream of locating the miracle there. See Gera- SENES. J. SOUTAK.
GAIN. — The word ' gain ' occurs ten times in the AV of the Gospels, and on every occasion in one of the sayings of our Lord. Tliese passages fall into three i;rnups : (1) The parallel records of a saying i-l.iat.Ml l,v :.ll the Sviio]. lists (Mt 162«, Lk 9^, Mk s ) : -J) 111,. |.uial.l._-s wf the Talents and the I'oun.ls ,.\li -J.-.'-^'-^-. Lk lii''«.!8). (3) the single rucuid of Uiu saying in ill IS'^ It is (with the exception of St. Luke's use of StaTrpj-ynaTedofiai^ irpo<rep7dfo/tai, and ttoi^u in the parable of the Pounds) always a translation of KepSali'u. Tliis verb and its cognate substantive /c^poos are used elsewhere in the NT by St. Paul (1 Co y'^- »)■ =i. -"J, Ph P^ 3"-8, Tit 1"), St. Peter (1 P 3'), and St. Luke (Ac 27'-', a peculiar use, but not without classical parallels).
1. Mt le-'s (II ; cf. Ph 3' and 1=') contrasts gain and loss as they touch the direct personal relation of the soul to God. A man may count the A\orld a thing to be gained, and give his soul as the price of it ; or, with the Aviser Apostle, may reckon communion with Christ a gain worth the sacrilice of everything else ; or, rising to tlie vision of the great beatitude, may look for the supreme gain, something better even than living liere in Christ, to the life beyond the grave. This is the mystic's conception of religion — ' I and God are alone in the world.' All gain apart from union with the Divine is really loss ; and loss, or what seems loss, incurred in achieving that union is gain. ' Qui invenit Jesum,' says Thoinns a Kcmpis, ' invcnit thesaunim bonum ; immo Imnuni, snpi.r (niuir bonum.' The thou''lit lin-l^ ii, Miii|,l.-,t :i!ia ;ii the same time its fullest i-xiiic^^miii in the |.:a-ahli's of the Hidden Treasure and tlu^ I'earl ot Great Price, whose finder sells ' with joy' all that he has, to buy what he has discovered.
2. the i)arables of the Talents and the Pounds express the ,i;ain lo rh,ii.iri,.i- n\,\vU comes of faithful use of pi.N ,i - .,im1 i iiilii i,.^. I'hc tlioui;ht is of the realizai u.n ,,i tin- |io--il,iliii,.s tliat .artrin man and the siili^r(|iuiit liim'ss fm hi^'her work. Here the gain di-peiids less on sacrifice than on diligence and faithfulness. This is a common con- ception of the meaning of the Christian religion. In it life is not a period of ,asi)iration for an unutterable beatitude, but a time of training, in expectation of the gain of the Master's jirai.se and ultimate ability to do more and greater work for Him.
3. Mt 18", with which must l>e connected 1 Co 9""^-, sjwaks of the gain of winning other souls for Chri.st. Here there is the need of sacrifice, the sacrifice ..f (iride. of social and racial i.rcjudice; and tli.Tc i. :,I.o Mir .C..I of f.iidifniin'.ss and diligence. This i, |I„. mi-Hoiiarv's c,,iicc|.tii)n of Chrisliainlv. \Vc lii.a it ill St.' Paul and in all