II. A second controversy, called "Adiaphoristic," arose among the Pietists and their opponents. The former urged an abandonment of such secular amuse- ments as dancing, playing (especially at cards), joking, visiting theatres, etc. See Pietism.
Ad'ida {ASrfa, Josephus also rd 'ASiSa or *Afi- StSa, probably of Heb. origin; Vulg. Acldus), a forti- fied town in the tribe of Judah (1 Mace, xii, 38), which Simon Maccabseus set up " in Sephela" {h> ry 2f ^//An), a.nd made it strong with bolts and bars. Eusebius {Onomast. s. v.) says that Sephela was the name given in his time to the open country about Eleutheropolis (see Reland, Paloest. p. 187). This Adida is probablj' the "Adida over against the plain," where Simon
ADIEL \
Maccabauis encamped to dispute the entrance into Judaea of Tryphon, who had treacherously seized on Jonathan at Ptolemais (1 Mace, xiii, 13). Josephus {Ant. xiii, G, 4) adds that this Adida was upon a hill, before which lay the plains of Jiuhea. It is scarcely (see Reland, Palaest. p. 540) the same as Adithaim (Josh. xv, 36), but may be the ancient Adatha ('ASaSra of Eu- sebius, Onomast. s. v. 'AoiaSaiv) and the modern Eddis (Schwarz, Palest, p. 102), near Gaza. See Adithaim. It was apparently here that Aretas defeated Alexander (Josephus, Ant. xiii, 15, 2). Lightfoot, however, con- trives to multiply the place mentioned in the Maccabees and Josephus into four or five different towns (see Chorog. Decad. § 3). Another place of the name of Ad- ida, mentioned by Josephus (War, iv, 9, 1) as having been garrisoned by Vespasian, is thought by Cellarius (Geogr. Ant. p. 338) to have been near Jericho; but Reland (Palcest. p. 546) argues that it was precisely in the opposite direction from Jerusalem, perhaps iden- tical with the Hadid (q. v.) of Ezra ii, 32 Kitto.
A'diel (Hcb. Adiel' , hVP'lS, ornament of God), the name of three men.
1. (Sept. 'Qdit)\ v. r. 'OSi>)\.) The father of Az- maveth, which latter was treasurer under David and Solomon (1 Chron. xxviii,~25). B.C. ante 1014.
2. (Sept. 'E&r/X v. r. 'ItA^X.) One of the family- heads of the tribe of Simeon, who seem to have dis- possessed the aborigines of Gedor (1 Chron. iv, 36), B.C. cir. 711.
3. (Sept. 'Acn'jX.) A priest, son of Jahzcrah and fa- ther of Maasiai, which last was one of those most ac- tive in reconstructing the Temple after the captivity (1 Chron. ix, 12). B.C. ante 536.
A'din (Heb. Adin', '"''}>, effeminate, as in Isa. xlvii, 8 ; Sept. 'Aciv, 'ASSiv, 'HSlv, 'HSeiv), the head of one of the Israelitish families, of which a large num- ber (454, according to Ezra ii, 15, but 655, according to Neh. vii, 20— the discrepancy being occasioned by an error in the hundreds, and the including or exclud- ing of himself) returned from Babylon with Zerubba- bel (B.C. 536) and fifty more (with Elied the son of Jonathan) under Ezra (B.C. 459, Ezra viii, 6). He appears to have been the same with one of those who subscribed the religious covenant with Nehemiah (Neh. x, 16, B.C. cir. 410). His name occurs in the paral- lel passages of the Apocrypha (Adivov, 1 Esdr. v, 14 ; 'Adiv, 1 Esdr. viii, 32).
Ad'ina (Heb. Adina ', M"1"??., delicate ; Sept. 'ASiva), son of Shiza, a Reubenite, captain of thirty of his tribesmen, and second of the sixteen additional to the thirtv-seven principal warriors of David (1 Chron. xi, 42), B.C. 1045.
Ad'ino (Heb. Adino' ', i^1?", perhaps for ',i3'1'7S>, i. q. Adina; Sept. 'Aciviov, Vulg. tenerrimus), a name that occurs in the common version of 2 Sam. xxiii, 8, as one of the might}' men of King David. Instead of the confused translation, " The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains ; the same [was] Adino the Eznite, [he lifted up his spear] against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time," the margin translates: " Joshebassebeth the Tachmonite, head of the three [captains]," etc., which makes the sense no better, unless (by placing the pause after XI!"!) we transpose the words " the same was," like the Sept., which translates, "Jebosthe the son of Thecemani [v. r. the Canaanite], he [was] ruler of the third. Adino the Asonite, he brandished his sword," etc. But this still distinguishes Jashobeam and Adino as two men, whereas the list seems to require but one. The marginal reading on this text conforms it to that of the parallel passage (1 Chron. xi, 11), which has, "Jashobeam, a Hachmonite, the chief of the captains ; he lifted up his spear," etc. See Jashobeam. Ge- senius renders the words translated "the same [was] Adino the Eznite" by " the brandishing of his spear
J ADLAI
[fell]." It is clear that these words are not proper names, although their grammatical construction is not very easy. The meaning, according to the above view, omitting the words supplied in the common ver- sion, would be, "Joshebassebeth the Tachmonite, chief of the three, he brandished it, his spear, against," etc. This seems the best mode of disposing of this difficult passage, which others resolve by supposing some corruption in the text. See Ezxite.
Ad'inus ('lactiwc), one of the Levitce who inter- preted the law as read by Ezra (1 Esdr. ix, 48) ; evi- dently a corruption for Jajiin (q. v.) of the genuine text (Neh. viii, 7).