plied to other facts and circumstances, of which they have been described as representative. According to the other, these facts and circumstances have been de- scribed as mere emblems. The former is warranted by the practice of the sacred writers themselves; for when facts and circumstances are so applied, they are applied as types of those things to which the applica- tion is made. But the latter has no such authority in its favor, though attempts have been made to procure such authority. For the same things are there de- scribed, not as types or as real facts, hut as mere ideal representations, like the immediate representations in allegory. By this mode, therefore, history is not treated as allegory, but converted into allegory — a mode of interpretation that cannot claim the sanction of Paul from the above treatment of the history of Isaac and Ishmael. — Marsh, Criticism and Interpretation of the Bible, lect. v. See Interpretation.
Alleine, Joseph, an eminently pious non-conform- ist divine, was born at Devizes in 1623. His piety and love of learning displayed themselves very early, and at sixteen he was sent to Lincoln College, Oxford, but in 1651 he removed to Corpus Christi College, a Wiltshire scholarship being then vacant. In 1653 he was admitted bachelor of arts, and in 1655 he became co-pastor with the Rev. George Newton, at Taunton, where he labored with great diligence and success un- til 1662, when he was deprived of his office for non-con- formity, and on the 26th of May, 1663, was committed to Ilchester jail, where, after being treated with great indignity, together with seven ministers and fifty Quakers, he was indicted at the assizes for preaching on the 17th of May, of which he was found guilty, and fined one hundred marks. He declared in court " that, whatsoever he was charged with, he was guilty of noth- ing but doing his duty." He continued in prison a year, and, after his release, he was even more zealous in propagating the Gospel, till his exertions brought on illness. In 1665 he was again apprehended, and, with some of his friends, was committed to prison for sixty days. The confinement increased his disorder, and he rapidly became worse, and died November, 1668. His Alarm to the Unconverted is one of the most useful and most widely circulated books of practical religion ever published.— Lfe of Alleine, with Letters (N."y. 1840, 12mo) ; Stanford, Life of Alleine (Lond. 1864).
Allelu'ia (d\\i]\ovia), a Grrecized form (Rev. xix, 1, 3, 4, 6) of the Heb. exclamation Hallelujah (q. v).
Allernanni, a confederacy of German tribes, among which, probably, the Tencteri, Usipeti, Chatti, and Vangiones were the most important. The name denotes either (according to Zeuss) a confederacy of men of different nations, or (according to Grimm) the true descendants of Manus, real German men. They appear for the first time on the stage of history under the reign of Caracalla (211), who assumed the title of Allemanicus because he pretended to have conquered the Allernanni on the Maine. Toward the close of the 3d century they took possession of the country be- tween the Rhine, Maine, and Danube. There thej' ex- isted under this distinctive name until the beginning of the 10th century, when Duke Erchinger was exe- cuted, and his successor Burcard proclaimed Duke of Suabia.
The Roman provinces on the Rhine and Danube, at the time of their occupation by the Allernanni, were partly inhabited by Christians. The Allernanni sup- pressed in some districts Christianity altogether, while in others it was strong enough to withstand all perse- cutions. Thus Paganism and Christianity existed side by side until the battle of Zulpich (496), in con- sequence of which the Allernanni became subject to the Franks, who now entered the Christian Church. The connection of the Allemannic dukes and grandees with the Prankish kings, the Prankish legislation,
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especially the lex Allemannica of Dagobert the Great (630), and the efforts of the bishops of the neighboring sees of Augsburg and Vindenissa, greatly promoted the spreading of Christianity. When the latter see ■was transferred to Constance, an Allemannic city, the growth of Christianity became still more rapid. Among the missionaries who labored for the conversion of the Allemanni, Fridolin (550), Columban and Callus (610), Trudpert (640), and Pirminius (724), are best known. (See these articles.) At the time of Boniface (740) the Christianization of the country seems to have been completed. See Hefele, E'mfuhrmig des Christen/hums im siidwestlichen Deutschland (Tubing. 1837); Stalin, Wurtemb. Gesch. i. Compare Germany ; Baden ;
WURTEMBERG.
Allen, Benjamin, a Protestant Episcopal minis- ter, was born at Hudson, N. Y., September 29, 1789, was bred a Presbyterian, and obtained his education under many difficulties by strenuous exertion. In 1814 he entered the Protestant Episcopal Church, and was licensed as a lay reader in Charlestown, Va., where he gave special attention to the instruction of the col- ored people. He was ordained deacon in 1816 and priest in 1818. In 1815 he published (for one year) a ■weekly paper called the '■'Layman's Magazine" and in 1820 an A bridgment of Burnet's History of the Refor- mation (1 vol.), which had a very large sale. In 1821 he was chosen rector of St. Paul's Church, Philadel- phia, as successor to the Rev. Dr. Pilmore. Here his labors as pastor and preacher were incessant, and he added to them a great deal of literary work. In 1822 he published Christ and Him Crucified (12mo), and Living Manners, a tale (12mo) ; in 1823-4, a History of the Church of Christ (2 vols. 8vo) ; in 1825, The Pa- rents' Counsellor; a Narrative of the Newton Family; and a Sketch of the Life of Dr. Pilmore. In 1827 he es- tablished a publishing house, called " The Prayer-book and Missionary House," to cheapen prayer-books, tracts, etc., and wrote for publication several small practical and biographical works. Under these accu- mulated labors his health broke down, and he sailed for Europe in March, 1828. In England he impru- dently allowed himself to be called into frequent ser- vice at anniversaries and public meetings, and his strength failed entirely by midsummer. He died on the return voyage to America, Jan. 13, 1829. Besides the publications above named, he published also a num- ber of separate sermons, and several small volumes of poems, written in early life. — Sprague, Annals, v, 591.