Boethius (Amcius Manlius Torquatus Severi- nus), a celebrated Roman statesman and philosopher. Sprung from an illustrious house, he was born at Pome about 470, and went (according to one account) to study at Athens in 480. His father's death compelled him, in 490, to return to Rome. He was once elected con- sul (A.I). 510), was happily married, and had two sons, who in 522 were elevated to the consulate. He for a time enjoyed the high favor of Theodoric; but about 523, having been accused of treasonable attempts against the emperor, and of sacrilege and magic, he was con- demned to exile and sent to Pavia, where he was cast into prison. Here he spent his solitary hours, amid the miseries and confinement of his cell, in literary la- bors, and during this period were composed his books h C'insidafiiine Philosiph'er. In the following year he was beheaded in his prison. Baronius relates, upon the authority of Julius Marcianus, that after the head of Boethius had been struck off, he took it up in his two hands and carried it to an adjoining church, when he sank upon his knees before the altar and expired! Well may Cave add, "Nugatur plane infra viri pru- dentis gravitatem, purpura sua; dignitatem Card. Ba- ronius!" His works are — 1. In Porphyrium a Victori- no translatum dicdogi II : — 2. In Porphyi ium a st Latins versum librill: — 3. InCategorias Aristotelis Hbri If, and other Commentaries on Aristotle: — 4. Introductio ad Catholicos syllogismos, etc. : — 5. De Consolationt I hib So- phias tibri V (Lyons, 1502, 4to, with the commentaries of St. Thomas Aquinas; ibid. 1514 ; Basle, 1536, 8vo, by Murmellius ; Antwerp, 1607, 8vo; Lyons, 1G33, and with the Annotations of Renatus Vallinus, 1656 ; Riga, 1794, lyFreitag; Linz, 1827, by Weingartner ; Jena, 1843, by Obbarius). The Saxon version, by king Al- fred, was published at Oxford, by Rawlinson, in 1698, from a modern transcript of the Cottonian MS., of which a few fragments only were saved. A number of theological treatises (especially three on the Trinity) are attributed to Boethius; but they were probably written by some other writer of the same name. It is not even satisfactorily established that he was a Chris- tian at all. The I)< ( 'miso/afinne was translated into English by Preston (1695), and into German by F rev- tag (Riga, 1794). The works of Boethius were col- lected and published at Venice, 1491 ; Basle, 1546, and, with variorum commentaries, in 1570(2 vols, fob); Leyden, 1G71; Paris, 1680.— Landon, Eccl. Diet, ii, 300.
Bogatzky, Charles Henry, a German writer
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was born at Jankow, Silesia, Sept. 7, 1690. His father designed him for the army; but, having been taught by a pious mother, his religious life was decided at an early age, and he refused to be a soldier. He studied law' at Jena and theology at Halle. In 1718 he re- turned to Silesia, and lived for several years in noble families, every where leading men to Christ. He finally returned to Halle, and remained there, doing works of charity, and writing hymns and books of de- votion, until his death, June 15, 1774. He is chiefly re- numbered for his hymns, and for his Goldenes Schatz- ./'. Kinder Gottes (Breslau, 1718), which has had an immense circulation. It is translated into English —Golden Treasury of the Children of God (York, 1821, and many editions— one by the American Tract Soci- etv, X. Y.). His autobiography Avas published by Knapp (C. II. von Bogatzkys Lebenslauf von ikm selbst beschrieben, Halle, 1801). See also Ledderhose, Das Leben K. If. von Bogatzkys (Heidelb. 184G).
Bogermann, Johann, a Dutch theologian, noted as president of the Synod of Dort, was born in 1576, at Oplewert, in Friesland. " He took a violent part in the religious controversies which inflamed, with un- wonted tire, the Dutch mind at the beginning of the seventeenth century. His hatred of Arminianism ex- tended itself (as theological hatred generally does) to the persons who upheld it, and his zeal was on various occasions gratified by securing the punishment of those who had the misfortune to differ in opinion from him." He translated Beza's book, Be la Partition des Ilere- tiques (Punishment of Heretics'), and assailed Grotius in a polemical treatise, Annotation.es contra H. Grotium. In 1618 he was elected president of the Synod of Dort; " but his conduct there does not seem to have given satisfaction to the Frieslanders who had delegated him, for he was accused on his return of having ex- ceeded his instructions." His most useful work was the translation of the Bible. Four other persons were associated with him in the task, but the translation of the Old Testament is chiefly his work, and is charac- terized by taste, fidelity, and purity of language. It is still used in the Dutch churches. He died Sept. 11, 1637, at Franeker, in the university of which he was professor of divinity. — Iloefer, Biographic Generale,vi, 379 ; Chambers, Encyclopedia, s. v.
Bogomiles, an important sect of the twelfth cen- tury, kindred to the Massilians (q. v.), or perhaps the same. They seem to have represente I parts, at least, of the Paulician (q. v.) heresy. Their name is derived by some from their constant use of the prayer " Bog Milui" (Lord have mercy); by others from the Slavic word Bogomil (Beloved of God). Our knowledge of them rests chiefly on the Panoplia of Euthymius Ziga- benus, published by Gieseler (Gottingen, 1852). Issu- ing from Thrace, they obtained a footing in the patri- archate of Constantinople and in some dioceses of Egypt (Neale, Eastern Church, ii, 240).