BOHEMIAN BRETHREN 846
BOLTON
effectually in the 17th century. Protestantism was crashed at the expense of civilization. There was no legal toleration for it until the philosophical emperor Joseph II issued his '-Edict of Toleration," Oct. 13, ITS] | Pescheck, ii, 335). Protestant congregations, both Lutheran and Reformed, soon sprang up.
The Soman Church is now very powerful in Bohe- mia. Its hierarchy includes one archbishop (Prague), three bishops (Leitmeritz, Koniggratz, and Budweis), a titular bi.-hop. and twelve prelates of the rich orders of Knights of the Cross and Premonstratenses. The regu- lar clergy have 75 monasteries and 0 convents of nuns. The Protestants are found chiefly in north-eastern Bo- hemia ; they number from 75,000 to 100,000, of whom 37 churches follow the Reformed confession, and 17 the Lutheran ; and there are perhaps 7000 to 10,000 Mennonites and smaller sects. See Pescheck, Eefor- malion in Bohemia (transl. Bond. 1846, 2 vols. 8vo); Hardwick, Ch. Hist., Middle Age, p. 124. See Aus- tria.
Bohemian Brethren. See Bohemia.
Botler, Petek. Sec Eoeiiler.
Eoies, Ar.TEM.vs, a Congregational minister, was born at Blandford, Mas?., Sept. 8, 1702, and graduated at Williams College 1816. In 1819 he was ordained pastor in Wilmington, N. C. In 1821 he accepted a call from Charleston ; on account of ill health, he re- signed 1823. In 1824 he was ordained pastor of the church in South Hadley, Mass. In 1834 he went to Boston as pastor of Pine Street Church, which position he resigned in 1840, and in 1841 removed to Mew Lon- don, where he remained until his death, Sept. 25, 1844. He published a Thanksgiving Si rmt n, Characteristics of the Times (1828), and an Address before ike Society <f Inquiry in Amherst College (1884).— Sprague, Annul*, ii, C64.
Boil CpttD, shechin, rendered "botch" in Deut. xxviii, 27, 35), a burning sore or inflamed ulcer of an aggravated description, either local (as in the case of Hezekiah, 2 Kings xx, 7 ; Isa. xxxviii, 21), or cover- ing an extensive surface (as in the case of the Egyp- tians, Exod. ix, 0. 10, 11; Dent, xxviii, 27, 35). See Plains. It is also applied to the ulcerated spots in- dicative of leprosy (Lev. xiii, 18, 10, 20, 23), and is the term used to designate the disease of Job (Job ii, 7), probal ly the elephantiasis, or black leprosy. See Lep-
EOST.
Bois, du. See Dubois.
Boliugbroke. See Deism and Infidelity.
Bolivia, a republic of South America. Its area is about 350,000 square miles. Population in 1855, 1,447,000, exclusive of about 700,000 Indians. The Roman Catholic Church is recognised as the state church, yet other denominations are tolerated. The convents have the right of receiving novices only on condition that they are at any time at liberty to leave again the monastic life. The chamber of senators ex- ercises the right of superintending the ecclesiastical affairs. At the head of the Church is the archbishop of Charcas, who resides at Chuquisaca, and three bish- ops, at Santa Cruz do la Sierra. La Paz, and Cocham- ba. There is a university at Chuquisaca, besides sev- eral colleges. A large majority of the entire popula- tion are of Indian descent, and still show a strong at- tachment to the Jesuits, who were expelled from their missions March 27, 1707. In the eastern plains sev- eral tribe till live together in the missions. There were in 1830, among the Chiquitos, ten missions, with 15,816 inhabitants; among the Mojos, thirteen, with 23,951 inhabitant- See America.
Bolland or Bollandus, John, born in Brabant in 15:10, and entered the Society of Jesus in 1612. He was chosen by his fraternity to carry into effect Ross- weide's plan of the Acta Sanctorum, or Lives of the Saints. See Acta Sanctokim. 11c died in 1005.
A memoir of his life is prefixed to the first volume of the Acta Sanctorum for March.
Bollandists, a society of Jesuits at Antwerp, so called as the continuators of the Acta Sanctorum after the death of Bolland. From 1665 to 1782, twenty-two editors in succession were engaged, and published one hundred and seventy-three volumes. These were all Jesuits ; and after the suppression of that order, canons regular, Benedictines, and others devoted themselves to the continuation of this work. The renewal of it was undertaken in 1838 by several Jesuits at Brus- sels. Some idea of the vast extent of this work, still in progress, may be gathered from the fact that the lives of more than two thousand saints remain to com- plete the year, and more than lift}- additional volumes in folio must be published before the completion of the work. See Acta Sanctorum.
Boiled (5""^y, rjiboV ', the calyx or corolla of flow- ers), a participial adjective from the old word boll, sig- nifying pod or capsule ; applied to the blossoms of flax (q. v.) in Exod. ix, 31.
Bolsec, Jerome, a French CaTnelits monk of the 16th century, who appears to have embraced the re- formed opinions, and fled from Paris to Ferrara, where he was almoner to the duchess. From thence he went to Lyons and Geneva, avowed himself a Protestant, and began to practise as a physician. In 1551 he declaim- ed against predestination in a public assembly. Bolsec was imprisoned, convicted of sedition and Pelagianism, and banished (Dee. 23, 1551). He returned to France and again embraced Romanism. In 1577 he publish- ed Histolre de la Vie. Mmwrs, etc., de Jem Calvin, a vio- lently abusive book, which he followed with a slander- ous Life of Beza in 1582. He died about 1585. — Mos- heim, Ch. Hist, iii, 19 i ; Haag, La France Proteslante, ii, 360.