CoOiiiB (KitfXioc V. r. KiMoc, Vnlg. Cobtu)^ a Le- vito ''also caUed CaUtas" (1 Esdr. ix, 28X for whidi the Heb..text (Ezra x, 23) has " Krt.atah (q. v.), tlie same as Kelita."
CoUar, the rendering of one Gr. and two Heh. words in the Anth. Vers. 1. hfi (peh, Job xxx, IS; where, however, some merely read 1)33 » <i»), propoly signifies a moiUhj in which sense it often occurs, and is hence applied to any aperture or orifice. See Mouth. It is ft-equentiy applied elsewhere (as in tbe passage cited) to the opening of a garment that closes around the neck, such as the tunic (Exod. xxxix, 23; Psa. cxxxiii, 2). SeeEPHOD. 2. n^B'^I^p (iMit^iiM', drops, Judg. viii, 26), " collars," mentioned among the spoils of the Midianites, were a peculiar kind of /»-
COLLATION
409
COLLECT
Amtj or eoF-drop} probably of pearls, and hence dif- ferent firom the ordinary ear-ring (q. y.). The saiAe term occnrs in the list of female attire in Isa. iii, 19, where it is translated "chains" (q. ▼.). 8. "I/uz^ (Ecdoa. xxxiii, 26), a thang^ i. e. strap for harnessing a beast of burden to the yoke (q. y.).
Collation (Lat coUaHo), When a bishop gives a beneifice, which either he had as patron, or which came to him by lapse, he is said to " collate" to that benefice the clergyman on whom he bestows it. Where the living is not in the gift of the bishop, he is said to " institute" the clergyman to it The word collation is also used among ecclesiastical writers to denote the spare meal on days of abstinence, consisting of bread or other fhiits, bnt without meat. — Hook ; Eden.
Collect (Lat CoUecUty fh>m coUigen^ to collect), a short form of prayer in the liturgies of the Boman Catholic and the Anglican churches. In a wider sense, the word co2fecto was used by ancient writers of the Latin Church, like the Greek ovva^i^^ to de- signate a meeting of Christians for public, worship. But soon it came to be restricted to several portions of tfae*l!ttxrgy . The origin of tlite signification of the word is doubtful. According to some ritualists, the name indicates the comprehensive brevity of such prayers, the matter of the epistle and gospel, e. g. be- ing gathered up, or oolUctied^ into the collect for the day Others derive the name from an ancient practice of the chief minister collecting into a single brief and public prayer at the end of some part of Uie service the pre- vious (private) devotions of the people ; accordingly, one of the service-boolcs of the ancient Catholic Church was called CoUeckarhm, as containing such prayers. Liturgical writers trace some of the collects to the Leonian Sacramentary used in the Boman Church about 488 A. D. ; others to the Sacramentary of Bishop Gelasius of Rome (494) ; and the majority to the Sac- ramentary of Gregory I (690),
The collects in the Roman Missal begin with Oremus (Let us pray), and conclude with the invocation, *^Per Dotnimm nostrum Jesum Christum^ jilmrn tmtm, qiti te- am vivk et regnat tn unitate Spiritus SancH DeuB per onma ioseula seectUonmi. ^men.'* They occur before the Epistle, before the Prefitce and after the Commun-
ion, and consist sometimes of one, sometimes of several petitions ; but if consisting of more tlian two, the in- troductory Oremus and the concluding **Per DouA^ mm^*^ etc., are used only twice, all the intermediate petitions being joined to the last. In solemn masses, the collects before the epistle and after the commu- nion are sung. I^milar collects as in the Missal ocoar in the Breviary.
On the collects retained in the Andean Prayer- book, Dr. Comber remarks ; ** Our reformers observed, first, that some of those collects were corrupted by su- perstitious alterations and additions, made by some later hand. Secondly, that the modem Roman Mis- sals had left some of the primitive collects quite out, and put in their stead collects containing some of their false opinions, or relating to their innovations in prac- tice. When the mass had struck out an old and put in a new collect, agreeable to their new and false doc- trines or practices, there the Reformers restored the old collect, being pure and orthodox. At the restoration of king Charles II, even those collects made or allow- ed at the Reformation were strictly reviewed, and what was deficient was supplied, and all that was but incongruously expressed was rectifi^ so that now they are complete and unexceptionable, and may be ranked into three several classes. First, the ancient primitive collects, containing nothing but true doc- trine, void of all modem corraptions, and having a strain of the ];^imitive devotion, being short but regu- lar, and very expressive. The second order of col- lects are also ancient as to the main ; but where there were any passages that had been corrapted, they were strack out, and the old form restored, or that passage rectified ; and where there was any defect it was sup- plied. The third order are such as had been corrupted in the Roman Missals and Breviaries, and contained something of false doctrine, or at least of superstition, in them ; and new collects were made instead of these at the Reformation, under king Edward YI ; and some few which were added anno 1662."