COMMON PRAYER
440
COMMON PRAYEK
most all the oflicea in the Book ofCommum Prager^ ex- cept the order of baptism for persons of riper years and the commination. The great object of the whole is to address the entire worship to God the Father, to the ntter exclusion of God the Son and God the Holy Spirit This liturgy is the basis of A LUwrgjf eoUect- edpHndpalfy/rom the Book of Common Pra^er^for tke UteoftJu First Episcopal Chapd in BosUm [Massachu- setts], together with the Psalter or Psakns of David (Boston, 1785, 8vo). This was reprinted in 1811, and again in 1888, with further alterations. (5.) The Book iif Common Prayer, compiled for the Use rfthe English Church alt Dunkirk, togethe^nth a Collection of Psalms, was printed at DuoldrlL m 1791. The anonymous compiler states that he followed throughout the plan proposed by Dr. Clarke. This book deviates less from the liturgy of the Church of En^and than the Sodn- ian liturgy above noticed'' (Eadie, s. v.). (6.) The Sun- day Service of the Methodists was originally prepared by John Wesley. On comparing a copy of the edition of The Sunday Service of the Methodists, with other Oc- casional Services (reprinted in 1826), with the Book of Common Prayer, we find that the first lessons for Sun- days are retained ; but for the second lessons in the morning, a chapter out of the four Gtospels or the Acts of the Apostles is to be read, and in the evening a chapter out of the epistles in regular rotation. Many verbal expressions, which have been excepted against, are here corrected. Select psalms are appointed to be read, while others are abridged. The only creed read is that of the apostles. The offices for the baptism of iniknts, or of persons of riper years, the celebration of matrimony, the communion of the sick, and the burial of the dead, are shortened. The offices for the ordi- nation of priests and deacons, and for the consecration of bbhops, are altered into forms for the ordination of deacons, elders, and superintendents ; and the J'hirty- nine Articles are reduced to twenty-five. The Nicene and Athanasian Creeds, and the apocryphal books of the Old Testament, are omitted. Some obsolete words are replaced by others which are more easily under- stood. An edition of this book was prepared, with the necessar}' modifications, for the use of the American Methodist Church, by Mr. Wesley, in 1784 ; a second edition, slightly modified, in 1786. This Prayer-book was used for some time in the American Methodist Church ; but it gradually dropped out of use, without any prohibition, however, on the part of the General Conference. A modified form of it appears in The Sunday Service of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, edited by T. 0. Summers, D.D« (Nashville, 1867). (7.) The lAtwgy of the New Church, signified by the New Jerusalem in the Revelation, prepared by Order of the General Conference, was published in 1828, and super- seded all the liturgies which had previously been used by the Swedenborgians, or followers of Emanuel Swe- denborg.
III. Scottish Common Prayer-books, — "1. Ancient Liturgy of the Kirk of Scotland. — At the commencement of the Reformation in Scotland the Prot^tant nobles and barons, assembled at Edinburgh in December, 1577, agreed that they would rest satisfied for the present with the reading of the prayers and lessons in English, according to the order of the Book qf Com- mon Prayer, that is, the liturgy of king Edward VI, in ftvery parish on Sundays and other festival days. This regulation, however, continued in force only a short time; for in 1562 tiie Book ofCommfin Order, commonly termed * ELnox's Liturgy,' was partially in- troduced; and by an act of the General Assembly, passed December 26, 1564, its use was authoritatively ordained in all the churches in Scotland. This liturgy was taken fh>m the order or liturgy used by the Eng- lish church at Geneva. It contains forms for morning and evening prayer, the celebration of baptism, the Lord's Supper, and marriage ; and for the election of 'perintendents or presbyters who were invested with
episcopal ftmctions ; the order of ttrd^riaatjcal &6- pline, of excommunication, and of public r^wntaan: a treatise on fasting; and forms of prmjer for dcHoestir and private use. A new edition of Tie Ldt&rgy of^ Church of Scotland f or, John Knox*s Book o/Omaas Order, was published by the Bev. Dr. C«inmni& it London, in 1840, in 18mo. Tke New Booke of Cimm» Prayer, aeoording to the Forme of the Kirbe of Segt- land, our Brethren in Faith and Caceiumt, printed in 1644, is a very brief abstract of Calvin*8 GenenL Prayer-hook, or rather of Knox's Book of Comam Order, It is reprinted in the first volume of HaU'^ Fragmenia Liturgiea. See Dibbctobt.
**2. Liturgy cf the Episcopal Church m ScoOand.- The liturgy of the Episcopal Church in Scotland is tf present nearly the same as that of the Church of £b^ land. Charles I, in 1637, made an unawcceeaful at- tempt to introduce into Scotland a Book i^Comem Prayer, copied, with some alterations, firom that d England, which produced the Solemn League and Cov. enant. That liturgy was prepared by archbishop Spot- tiswoode, of St. Andrew's, and Lindsay of Glaagov. assisted by Wedderbnm, dean of the Chapel Royal s: Edinburgh, and by bishops Guthrie, llaxwelL, asd Whitford. On its being sent to London, Charles I referred it to the examination of archbishop Laud, az^! of Wren, bishop of Ely. It was published at Edm- burgh in folio, and entitied The Bode t^ComimMn Praf- er md Administration of the Sacrcanmts amd other perU of Divine Service, for the Use qfthe Church o/Sootiaed. This liturgy is reprinted in the second volume of Hair« BeUquitB Liturgiae; a copious bibliographical and hb- torioil account of it will be found in vol. i, p. xii- XXXV. From 1645 until after the restoration iu 1660, the Westminster Dire^ory was adopted, but by no mesie Btrictiy adhered to, in various instances (aa in tiiat of praying for the civil government) ; and when efisco- pacy was restored together with monarchy, it was -an thought advisable to renew the attempt to introdocf a public liturgy ; so that, except at ordinations, wba the English forms were used, as Cur as local cxtcbb)- stances would admit, no regular form of prayer was vs. general use, while episcopacy continued to be the fom of ministry in the Established Church. Many, indetd. of the episcopal cleigy compiled forma to be naed br themselves in their particular congregations, with seme petitions and collects taken out of the English book, and all of them uniformly concluded their prayers with the Lord's Prayer, and their singing with the doxolo- gy. Prayers for the Morning cmd Evemng Service of the Cathedral Chunh of Aberdeen, composed by the Rev. Henry Scongal, professor of theology in the King's College, continued in use unto the BevolntioQ. when the Presbyterians would no longer tolerate s written prayer. At length, in 1712, the English Boot qf Common Prayer was universally adopted by the Scottish Episcopal Church with littie variation, ex- cept in the celebration of the Eucharist. In that ser- vice the order for the administration of the Lord's Sup- per is substantially that in the liturgy authorized far Charles I, but with alterations made to make it more conformable to the first and comparatively imperftct- ly reformed liturgy of king Edward Y I. By the twen- ty-first canon of The Code of Canons qfthe Epiecepd Church m Scotland, as revised, amended, and enacted, by an ecclesiastical synod, holden for that purpose at Edinburgh, fh>m August 20 till September 6, 183S (Edinburgh, 1838, 8vo), after ratifying and oonfinning the permbsion formerly granted by the bishops * to all those who profess to be of the episcopal persuasion m Scotland .... to retain the use of the English office in all congregations where the said office had prevloos- ly been in use,' it is enacted, *• That in the use of either the Scotch or English office no amalgamation, alters- tion, or interpolation whatever shall take place, nor shall any substitution of the one for the other be ad- mitted, unless it shall be approved by the bishop.