Institutions or Leabnino. — United Stakt^k large number of academies are controlled bj Coagr^ gationalists, but no record has ever been made. 0^ colleges, though none are conducted on any exdwi principle, or require any denominatlcmal test, tbeCe- gregationalists control Bowdoin, Dartmooth, Yermsa University, Middlebuiy, Williams, Amherst, Tale, it^ partially a number in the Western States, wide]) tkt have helped liberally to endow. Theological scfecli in 1867, with the number of professors, lectnren, eti. and students, were as follows (one in San FnndRci California, was also chartered in 1866, but is not jci in operation) :
Piufwun. L*( luiwi, etc 9h4tA
Bangor, Me. 4 — 4fi
Andover, Bfan. 6 S 163
Yale, Conn T — SO
Hartford, Ckmn 4 4 If
OberUn, Ohio 4 — 14
Chioago,Ill 4—46
ColUgee in the Brltieh Tdande ami Colomet,
. British leUnds 141 Victoria 1
British North America. 1 1 Sydney 1
Theologiedl CoUeges in the Brltieh Idande and CoMn
Schools, engirt.
England 8 »T
Wales 8 M
Scotland 1 4
Colonies 4 (?)
Private Seminaries in England. ... 4 (!)
Pebiodicals.— ITlPiiferf States.— -Vo periodicil cie properly be called an organ of the denominadoo, w» much as none are controlled by either the chnrdies (^ any body representing the churches. But the foQff- ing are published in their interests : QuaTterlie»— A^ Kotheoa Sacra, Boston, Mass. ; New Engkmder^ Kev Haven, Conn. ; Congregational Quart,, Boston, Ibse.; Congregational Review, Boston, Mass. ReligioQS (inek- ly) newspapers : CongregationaUst and Bostm Recsd- er, Boston, Mass. ; ChriOian Mirror, Portland, Jiim. Vermont Chronicle, Windsor, Vt. ; JieUgioui BenM, Hartford, Conn. ; Advance, Chicago, HI. ; Paeyk, Sn Francisco, Cal. The Welsh Congregational cfaore^ in the United States have their own publicstiatf. Many other periodicals — missionary, tract, Sabtatb- school, etc. — are mainly or wholly conducted by Cos- gregationalists, but without distinctive denamiiittkc- al character.
England. — Tear-hook, etc. (annual). Qoart«rii»- Journal of Sacred literature ; British Qnarterkf Benm. Eighteen monthlies. Newspapers — NoneonfirmA English Independent, Christian World, and The Jndftt- dent.
Scodand.— Congregational Mag(mine (monthh).
Ireland. — Congregational Maganne (montUyji
Wahs.—Dyddia^jar Anmbgntcgr (annual); Beimai (quarterly), and five other periodicals.
Canada. — Independent, Toronto (monthly); J^*- treat Witness (weekly).
V. Literature. — The American Congregitiffli*! churches have required firom the beginning wijo!^ of liberal education and extensive leaning. Fiv this culture large contributions have resulted to go- eral as well as denominational and religioos literatoiv Of the very many authors in each departmoit d^
CON6KE6ATIONALISTS
488
CONONTTES
Btter, the following maj be mentioned as tlie most irominent :
In Ckurch PoiUjf^ in the 17th centniyf John Cotton, Fohn Norton, Thomas Hooker, Richard Mather, John Davenport^ Increase Mather (Pres. Harvard College), [n the 18th century, Cotton Mather, Samuel Blather, Fohn Wise, Ezra StUes (Free. Tale College). In the present centory, John Mitchell, Thomas C. Upham, E^athanael Emmons, Leonard Bacon, Preston Com- nings, George Pnnchard, Henry M. Dexter. The work 3n " Congregationalism" by the last named, which is the latest American work, is also the follest and most exhaostiye, and is generally received by the chorches as a safe and comprehensive guide.
In DenomincttioncU ffUtoiy^ in the 17th centniy, Gov. John Winthrop, Nathaniel Morton, William Hubbard. In the 18th century. Cotton Mather, Thomas Prince, Jeremy Belknap. In the present century, Leonard Bacon, Bela B. Edwards, George Punchard. The His- tory of CongregaHonalinn by the latter, though not yet completed, is a work of thorough research and peculiar value.
In Thoolog$y in the 17th century, Cotton, Norton, the Mathers, Thomas Sliepard. In the 18th century, Sam- uel Willard {Body of Divmity), Jonathan Edwards, Jonathan Edwards the younger, Joseph Bellamy, Sam- uel Hopkins, Stephen West. In the present century, John Smalley, Nathaniel Emmons, Asa Burton, Jesse Appleton (Pres. Bowdoin College), Leonard Woods, Enoch Pond, Timothy Dwight (Pres. Tale College), Edward D. Griffin (Pres. Williams College), Nathaniel W. Taylor, Bennett Tyler, Lyman Beecher, Edward Beecher, Charles G. Finney (Pres. Oberlin College), Asa Mahan (Pres. Oberlin College), Mark Hopkins (Pres. Williams College), Edwards A. Park, Horace Bushnell, George P. Fisher.
In BibliccU Literature, Moses Stuart. The mission- aries of the American Board have made very extensive contributions in the languages of the world, as well as to general science ; among these, Myron Winslow is specially prominent.
In variouM relative Studiee and in BeHgiotu TTorJb, Edw. Hitchcock (Pres. Amherst College), Jas. Marsh, Joseph P. Thompson, Bichard S. Storrs, Jr., Austin Phelps, Henry Ward Beecher, Augustus C. Thompson, Nathan W. Fiske, Nehemiah Adams, Ray Palmer (hyoms and other religious poems), Lowell Mason (in aacred music), Hubbard Winslow, Joseph Haven, Ru- fos Anderson (sec. A. B. C. F. M.), Noah Porter, Jr., John Lord, Samuel C. Bartlett, Leonard Bacon, Thomas G. Upham, Leonard Woods, Jr., James B. Walker.
In England, after John Robinson, whose writings hi Leyden began strictly Congregational literature, sre found the names of Milton, Goodwin, Nye, John Owen, Chamock, Watts, Doddridge, and, later. Ward- law, Davidson, Newman Hall, Robert Yaughan, John Angell James. Hanbury's Memorials b a work of great historical value.
yi. Authorities. — ^As Congregationalists admit no ^i^f&gatory standards of human devising, there are prop- erly no authorities fbr government or doctrine; but tiieir principles are stated in Declarations, in which ^y are agreed, and which carry great moral force. The principal on doctrine are the Westminster Con- fessioD, as revised by the Savoy Synod in 1669, and •gain by the Boston Synod of 1680; the "Principles of Beligion" of the Congregational Union of England «nd Wales ; and the " Declaration of Faith" set forth ^ the American National Council in 1865. Of eccle- siastical polity, the principal are the Savoy " Order of the Churches" in 1669; the "Cambridge Platform" y 1648; the "Saybrook PUtform" in 1708; the ** Principles of Chureh Order and Discipline*' of the "Congregational Union of England ;" and the " Plat- *wm of Church Polity" of the National Council in ^^« The works of many writers are also considered ^gnat valne, as showing what Congregational prin-