CORE^
607
CORINTH
on board an American vessel, which ran aground in one of the rivers of Corea, when the natives, consider- ing the people on board as pirates and enemies, cap- tared and beheaded them. — ^Wetzer u. Welte, Kirchen- Lex. xii, 254 sq. ; Annual Ameriean Cydop.for 1866, p. 258; Tht Christian Tear-book (Lond. 1867, p. 808). ^
Corpse (Kopcat), a fortified place mentioned by Josephus (^11^. ziv, 8, 4) as lying on the northern bor- der of JadflBa, on the route of Pompey to Jerusalem {War J i, 6, 5), and also visited by Vespasian, who marched in one day thither from Neapolis, and the next reached Jericho {War^ iv, 8, 1). Near this place (irpof) was situated the fortress Alezandrium (q. v.), where the princes of Alexander Jannsus's family were mostly buried, and whither Herod carried the remains of his sons Alexander and Aristobulus (who were ma- ternally of that family), after they had been put to death at Sebaste (Joseph. Ant. xiii, 24 ; xiv, 6, 10, 27 ; xvi, -2, et ult.). The situation of Cores, whioh deter- mines that of the castle, is not known ; but Dr. Rob- inson (Bib, Betearchesy iii, 83) conjectures that he may have found it in the modem Kuriyetj which is about eight miles S. by E. from Nablous (Shechem), and half an hour N. by E. of Shiloh (Ritter, Erdk, xv, 455). It is small, with no very definite traces of antiquity (Wolcott, in the Biblioiheca Sacra, 1843, p. 72). The similarity of name to that of Beth-car (X6f>paiay Jose- phus, Ant, vi, 22) seems to be accidental. See Eben-
EZEB.
Core&thd (Koipeo^), an episcopal village of Tra- chonitis (Reland, Palast, p. 218) mentioned in the early Church notices (S. Paulo, Gayr. Sac, p. 61); probably the modem Kiratah (Ritter, Erdk. xv, 866), on the Southern edge of the Lejah (Porter, ii, 216).
Coriander (^^, gady from the root ^^a, to malce an tnonoTt, referring to the fhrrows in the seed). The Syriac, Chaldee, and Arabic, with the Sept. and Vulg., render this word coriander (Gesenius, Thesaur. Heb. p. 2W), as does our version in Exod. xvi, 13 ; Num. xi, 7, the only passages where it occurs, and in both which the appearance of manna is compared to that of its seeds as to form, and in the former passage as to color also. See Manna. According to Dioscorides also O'li, 64) the ancient Carthaginian name for coriander was goid (yoio)j evidently kindred with the Hebrew
^^oHander, with ealarged rieim of the flower, pericarp, and section of hemisphere of the last
ffod, Celsius states (ffierob. ii, 78 sq.) that the cori- ander is frequently mentioned in the Talmud (where it is called -iStpS, katbar\ or 13t?13, kusebar'). It was known to and used medicinally by Hippocrates : it is mentioned by Theophrastus, as well as Dioscori- des, under the name of Kopiov or Kopiawov ; and the Arabs, in their works on Materia Medica^ give korion as the Greek synonym of coriander, which they call kuzecrehy the Persians huhneeZy and the natives of In- dia (compare Pliny, xx, 82) dktmya. It is known throughout all these countries, in all of which it is cul- tivated, being universally employed as a grateful spice, and as one of the ingredients of currie-powder (see BQsching, WochenO. Nachr. 1775, p. 42; Rauwolff, Beisey p. 94 ; Gmelin, Beite durch Butsl. iii, 282). It is also found in Egypt (Prosp. Alpin. Bes, JSg. ii, 9, p. 156). It is now very common in the south of Europe, and also in Elngland, l^eing cultivated, especially in Essex, o.i account of its seeiU, which are required by confectioners, dmggists, and distillers in large quanti- ties ; in gardens it is reared on account of its leaves, which are used in sonps and salads (see Pereira's Jfo- teria Afedica). The coriander is the Coricmdrum sati- vum of botanists, an umbelliferous plant, with a round tall stalk. The flowers are small and pale pink, the leaves are much divided (especially the upper ones) and smooth. The fruit, commonly called seeds, is globular, grayish-colored, about the size of peppercorn, having its surface marked with fine strisB. Both its taste and smell are agreeable, depending on the pres- ence of a volatile oil, which is separated by distillation (see Pen»!f Cyclopadia, «. v.). See Botany.
Cor'lnth (KSpiv^o^, occurs Acts xviii, 1 ; xix,l ; lCor.i,2; 2 Cor. i, 1,28; 2 Tim. iv, 20; "Corinthus," subscr. to £p. to Rom.), a Grecian city, placed on the isthmus which joins Peloponnesus (now called the Morea) to the continent of Greece. A lofty rock rises above it, on which was the citadel, or the Acrocorin- thus (Livy xlv, 28). It had two harbors : Cenchress, on the eastem side, about seventy stadia diitant; and LechsBum, on the modem Gulf of Lepanto, only twelve stadia from the city (Strabo, viii, 6). Its earliest name, as ^ven by Homer, is Ephyre (E^vprj, IL vi, 152) ; and mysterious legends connect it with Lycia, by means of the hero Bellerophon, to whom a plot of ground was consecrated in front of the city, close to a cypress grove (Pansan. ii, 2). Owing to the great difficulty of weath- ering Malea, the southern promontory of Greece, mer- chandise passed through Corinth from sea to sea, the city becoming an entrepot for the goods of Asia and Italy (Strabo, viii, 6). At the same time, it com- manded the traffic by land from north to south. An attempt made to dig through the isthmus was frustra- ted by the rocky nature of the soil ; at one period, however, they had an invention for drawing galleys across fbom sea to sea on trucks. With such advan- tages of position, Corinth was very early renowned for riches, and seems to have been made by nature for the capital of Greece. The numerous colonies which she sent forth, chiefly to the west and to Sicily, gave her points of attachment in many parts ; and the ^ood will, which, as a mercantile state, she carefully main- tained, made her a valuable link between the various Greek tribes. The public and foreign policy of Cor- inth appears to have been generally remarkable for honor and justice (Herod, and Thncyd. jxiwim); and the Isthmian games, which were celebrated there ev- ery other year, might have been converted into a na- tional congress, if the Corinthians had been less peace- ful and more ambitious. When the Achaan league was rallying the chief powers of Southern Greece, Corinth became its military centre ; and, as the spirit of freedom was active in that confederacy, the}' were certain, sooner or later, to give the Romans a pretence for attacking them. The fatal blow fell on Corinth (B.C. 146), when L. Mummius, by order of the Roman