See generally Havercamp, Dav, ret gesia tfindicaia (L. B. 1785) ; Niemeyer, U^er Leben und Char. Dav, (Hal. 1779) ; Ewald, Leben Dav. (Gera, 1795) ; Hau- ser, De ffiat. Dav. (Tub. 1780) ; Hosmann, Hist. Sam. SavK et Dav. (Kil. 1752); Feuerlein, IJhutria Davidis facta exjuritprud, naturoB itiustrata (Alt 1715) ; New- ton, David, the King o/fgrael (Lend. 1854); Shepherd, Life of David illustrated by Ptalms (Lend. 1858) ; A. L. 0. E., Shepherd of Bethlehem (1861) ; Has^e, Idio- gnomih Davids (Jen. 1784) ; Metzger, Detiderium regis Dav. ad domum Dei (Augsb. 1776) ; Serpilius, Persona' Ua Davidis (vol. ix of his Personalia, Leipsic, 1718) ; Krummacher, David the King [ftt>m the Germ.] (£d- faib. 1867, N. Y. 1868). See Psalms.
B. Tn pArcMM.— The " House of David'* (Isa. vli, 2, 18; Jer. xxi, 12; Zech. xiii, 1) signifies his family, posterity. " In David," that is, in the Book of David, the Psahns (Matt, xxii, 42-46; Heb. iv, 7; Psa. xcv, 7). The name ''David," in Eeek. xxxiv, 28, 24; xxxvii, 24 ; Hos. iii, 5, denotes the expected Messiah. **The Son of David" is often applied to Jesus as a titie of the Messiah (Matt i, 1 ; ix, 27 ; xii, 28 ; xv, 22; XX, 80, 81; Mark x, 47, 48), but not in John's writings. So the ** Boot of David" is used in the same sense (Rev. v, 5 ; xxii, 16 ; Isa. xi, 1, 10). Hence the kingdom or reign of the Messiah is designated by the appelUtions **the Kingdom of David" (llark xi, 10); "the Throne of David" (Luke i, 32); "the Taberna- cle of David" (Acts xv, 16 ; Amos ix, 10) ; " the Key of David" (Bev. iii, 7 ; Isa. xxii, 22 ; Matt, xvi, 19).
DAVID, Cmr op. This name is applied in Scrip- ture to two different places.
1. In 2 Sam. v, we read that David, having taken Jerusalem, and stormed tiie citadel on Mount Zion, <* dwelt m the fort, and called it the city of David" (1 Chron. xi, 7). After that time the castie and palace of Zion appear to have been called " the City of Da- vid,'* as contradistinguished alike trcm Jerusalem gen- erally, and ftom Moriah and other sections of it (1 Khigs viii, 1 ; iii, 1 ; 2 Chron. v, 2). In it David and roost of his successors on the throne were buried (1 Kings ii, 10; 2 Chron. ix, 81, etc.). Mount Zion, or the City of David, is on the south-west side of Jerusa- lem, opposite Moriah, or the temple-mount, with which it was connected by a bridge spannnig the deep valley of lyropcson. The tomb of David on Zion is to this day one of the most honored sanctuaries of the Mo- hammedans; and the square keep, called the Castie of David, on the northern end of Zion, is one of the most ancient and interesting relics in the Holy City. See Jerusalbm.
2. In Luke ii, 4 and 11, Betiilehem is caUed the City of David. Joseph and Mary went from Nazareth "unto the city of David, which b called Bethlehem."
DAVID
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DAVIDSOX
TUf WM David's Uitbpboe, and the home of hie joath. We know not at what time the little nxmn- tain Tillage began to be called by his name ; but there is no trace of such a deaigna^n in the O. T. It appears, howeyer, to have been pretty generally need in the time of our Lord.— Kitto, s. ▼. See Bethub-
David, or Dewid, St., patron saint of Wales, was, according to tradition, the son of the prince of Ceretica (Cardiganshire), and was bom aboat the end of the 5th or beginning of the 6th century. H aving resolved on a religions life, he spent, as was customary in those days, a probationary period in solitude, after which he commenced preaching to his countrymen. He built a chapel at Glastonbury, and founded twelve monas- teries, the chief of which was at Menevia, in the vale of Ross. At the synod of Brevy, in Cardiganshire, held in 619, David showed himself a strong opponent of the Pelagian heresy. Subsequently he became archbishop of Caerleon-upon-Usk, but transferred his see to Menevia, now called St. David's, where he died about the year 601. His life was written by Rice- march, bishop of St. David's, who died about the year 1099. The ffittoria S. Davidit, by Ghraldus Cambren- sis, written about 1175, and published in Wharton's AngUa 8acra^ is little more than an abridgment of Ricemarch's work. — Chambers, Enej/tkpadU^ s. v.; Butler, Lwei qfaauOty Bfarch 1.
David, CHBisTiAif, one of the founders of Herm- hut, was bom Dec 81, 1690, at SenfUeben, Moravia, and was bred a carpenter. In early manhood he be- came a Protestant. In 1722 he was sent to find a home for the persecuted Moravians, and secured one fh>m Count Zinzendorfl at Bertholdsdorf, Lusatia. See Moravians. When the church was organized at Hermhut (their new abode), David was elected first of the twelve elders. His subsequent life was entirely devoted to missionary and Christian labors. In 1738 he led the first Moravian mission to Greenland. In 1788 Wesley had several interviews with David at Hermhut. The after labors of David included two additional visits to Greenland, and eleven to Moravia ; with others to Denmark, Holland, Wettenvia, Livo- nia, and England. In the beginning of 1750 he visit- ed all the congregations in Germany, and almost im- mediately returned to London. In July he re-em- barked for Germany, visited the churches in Wetter- avia, and assisted at the synod held at Barby. From that period he resided at the church which his hands had founded. The toils of an honored and useful life were unexpectedly closed by his death, after a short illness, February 8, 175L See Stevens, Hittary qf Methoditm, i, 97; Wesleyan Magaxim, March, 1852; Wesley, IFbrla, iii, 86 ; v, 284.