E'no.sh, a more correct mode of Anglicizing (1 Chron. i, 1) the name Exos (q. v.).
Eii-rini'nion (Hob. Eyn liimmon , IT'S"! '|1",yb«n- iain of Rimimm; Sept. Iv 'Pc/tiioii' v. r. tr 'Vipawv, Vat. MS. omits, Vulg. ct in Jiemmori), a place occu- pied by the descendants of Judah after the exile (Neh. xi, 29). It appears from the associated places to be the same with the "vim and Rimmon''' of Josh, xv, 32 (comp. Josh, xix, 7; 1 Chron. iv, 32), where perhaps, in like manner, but one ])lace is referred to, a sprinr/ adjoining the town of Rimmon. See AiN.. Yet the enumeration ("five cities")^of 1 Chron. iv, 32 ("Ain, Rimmon") requires them to be taken ast distinct. In fact, there appears to have been a Levitical city en-
Eimmon near to, but originally distinct from the non. Levitical Ilimmon, and indicated by a remarkable res- ervoir still extant in the vicinit}'. See Eimmon.
En-ro'gel (Heb. Eyn Rrgd', Vj'l '^V, fount of the (reader, q. (\.foo/-fotwtain: construed by Fiirst, after the Targums, with the Arabic and Syriac versions, ^^ Fullers'' Spring,'^ because fullers trode the clothes in the water ; but Gesenius renders ^fountain efthe spy;" Sept. TD/y) PwyjyX, Vulg. y^ws Rogel), a spring which formed one of the landmaiks on the boundary-line be- tween Judah (Josh, xv, 7) and Benjamin (xviii, 16). It was the point next to Jerusalem, and at a lower level, as is evident from the use of the words " ascend- ed" and "descended'' in these two passages. Here, apparentl_y concealed from the view of the city, Jona- than and Ahimaaz remained, after the flight of David, awaiting intelligence from within the walls (2 Sara, xvii, 17), and here, "by the stone Zoheleth, which is 'close to' (^i?X) En-rogel," Adonijah held the feast, which was the lirst and last act of his attempt on the crown (1 Kings i, 9). By Josephus, on the last incident {A7it. vii, 14,4), its situation is given as "without the city, in the roj'al garden," and it is without doubt re- ferred to by him in the same connection, in his descrip- tion of the earthquake which accompanied the sacrilege of Uzziah (.4?;^ ix, 10, 4), and which, " at the place call- ed Eroge" ('Epdjy/) v. r. 'Epptoyii'), shook down a part of the Eastern hill, "so as to obstruct the roads, and the royal gardens." In more modern times, a tradi- tion, apparently first recorded by Quareemius, would make En-rogel identical with what is now called by the Franks the well of Neheiniah, and by the natives that of Job (Bir-Eytcb'). Eobinsnn describes it as "a deep well situated just below the junction of the valley of Hinnom with that of Jehoshaphat. The small ob- long plain there formed is covered with an olive-grove, and with the traces of former gardens extending down the valley from the present gardens of Siloam. In- deed, this whole spot is the prettiest and most fertile around Jerusalem. The well is very deep, of an irreg- ular quadrilateral form, walled up with large squared stones, terminating above in an arch on one side, and apparently of great antiquity. There is a .'mall rude building over it, furnished with one or two large troughs or reservoirs of stone, which are kept partially filled for the convenience of the people. The well measures 125 feet in depth, 50 feet of which Mas now full of water. The water is sweet, but not verj' cold, and is at the present day drawn up by the hand. In the rainy season the well becomes quite full, and some- times overflows at the mouth. LTsiuilIy, however, the water runs oft" under the surface of the ground, and finds an outlet some forty yards below the well, whence it is said to flow for sixty or seventj' days in w inter, and the stream is sometimes large" {Researches, i, 490). In favor of this identification is the fact that in the Arabic version of Josh, xv, 7 the name of Ain-Ejuib, or "spring of Job," is given for En-rogel, and also that in an early Jewish Itinerary (^Uri of Biel, in Het- tinger's Cippi Htbraici, p. 48) the name is given as "well of Joab," as if retaining the memory of Joab's connection with Adonijah — a name which it still re- tains in the traditions of the Greek Christians (Wil- liams, Holy City, ii, 490). Against this general belief the following strong but not conclusive arguments are urged bj' Bonnr in favor of identifying En-rogel with the jiresent "Fountain of the Virgin," 'Ain Ummed- Z'f/r^y — " spring of tlie mother of steps" — the peren- nial source from which the Pool of Siloam is supplied (Land of Promise, App. v) : 1. The Bir Eyub is a well and not a spring (I'ln), while, on the other hand, the " Fountain of the Virgin" is the only real spring close to Jerusalem. This objection, however, as the above description sliows, but partially applies. 2. The situ- ation of tlie Fountain of the Virgin agrees somewhat better with the course of the boundary' of Benjamin
ENROLMENT
231
ENSIGN
than that of the Bir Eyuh, which is rather too far south. This oiijection, liowever, does not apply to the original boundarj-- of Benjamin, which necessarily fol- lowed the valley of Siloam. See Tribe. 3. Bh- Eyuh does not altogether puit the requirements of 2 Sam. xvii, 17. It is too far off both from the city, and from the direct road over Olivet to the Jordan, and is in full view of the city (Van de Velde, i, 475), which the other frpot is not. But we nnw readily suppose that a mure retired route and a secluded spot would have been chosen for concealment. 4. The martyrdom of St. James (q. v.) was effected by casting him down from the temple wall into the valley of Kcdron, where he was finalh' killed by a fuller witii his washing-stick (Eusebius, Hist. Ecd. ii, 23). The natural inference is that the martyred apostle fell near where the fullers were at work. Now Bir Eyuh is too far off from the site of the temple to allow of this, but it might very well have happened at the Fountain of the Virgin. (See Stanley's Sermons on the Apost. Age, p. 333-4). But this is too remote and indirect an agreement, and one based upon a vague tradition. 5. Daraj and Jioffel are both from the same root, and therefore the mod- ern name may be derived from the ancient one, even though at present it is taken to allude to the "steps" hj^ which the reservoir of the fountain is reached. G. The Fountain nf the Virgin is still the great resort of the women of Jerusalem for washing and treading their clothes. 7. The level of the king's gardens must have .been above the Bir Eyvh, even when the water is at the mouth of the well, and it is generallj' seventy or eighty feet below ; while they must have been low- er than the Fountain of the Virgin, which thus might he used without difficulty to irrigate tliem. The last considerations, however, have little weight (see Thom- son, Land and Booh, ii, 528). — Smith, s. v. ; Kitto, s. v. ; Fajrbairn, s. v. See Jerusalem.