esprifs abuseurs qui trouhlent les royaumes
'Ss/ (Nismes, 1626, sm. 8vo), and Zacftarie, ou la Sainii-te dii Maricuje et particulVere- ment du Manage des ecclesiustiques, contre Vusage des sons-introduites et autres impu- retes des consciences cautirizees (Nismes, 1627, sm. 8vo). — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Ge- nerule ; Haag, La France protestante. (.J.
w. :^L)
Fauchet, Claude, commonly known as the abbe Fauchet, and a prominent Girondist in the French Itcvolution, was born at Domes, in the department of Nievre, Sept. 22, 1744, and w.as guillo- tined at Paris Oct. 31, 1793. After his ordination he became one of the priests of St. Roch, at Paris. When scarcely 30 j'ears of age he delivered a panegyric An ancient Fgyptian Poulterer's Shop, showing the feeding and plucking of on St. Louis before the French Academy, (ieese. and was soon thereafter appointed grand
vicar to the archbishop of Bourges ; then one of the court preachers, and abbot of Montfort- Lacarre in Brittany. In a sermon delivered in 1788 at the fete da la Rosi'ere at Surenes, he manifested so strongly his sympathj' with the revolutionary ten- dencj' that his name was stricken from the list of court preachers. Thenceforth an outspoken and zeal- ous champion of the new political doctrines, he was active in tlie popular meetings in Paris, a participant
converting the world, but, not meeting with success, returned to England again, and spent his time in re- tirement, i)ursuing liis scientific labors, but still cher- ishing his extravagant religious opinions. Many sci- entific works from his pen are extant, but his writings in favor of the prophets of the Cevennes are now un- known.^ — Hoefer, Nouv. Biographie Generale, xvii, 138. (.J. \V. M.)
Failing. 1. ^^'^'^'P, meri' , a fatted animal, espe- ci-ill,v l)ullock (" calf") for slaughter, 2 Sam. vi, 13 ; Isa. xi, G ; Ezek. xxxix, 18. 2. PI'S, me'ach. a tnar- rowij sheep (q. v.), especially of the fat-tailed variety (Psa. Ixvi, 15). 3. Improperly for rilJ'd'O, mishneh' , the second in rank, i. e. of inferior quality, 1 Sam. xv, 9. 4. (Corresponding with No. 1), cutkjtoc, cornfcd, 1. e. stalled, fat. Matt, xxii, 4. See Fat.
Fatoii, Nicholas, a French mystic writer, born at Arras in 1644, died at St. Omer in 1694, took the vows of the Dominican order in the convent at Arras, and suljsequently entered that at St. Omer. We have from him : 1. Le Paradis terrestre du Saint Rosaire de Vaugtute I'ierge, mere de Dieu, etc., in 4 vols., of whicli only one vol. appeared (St. Omer ct Lille, 1692, 12mo) : — 2. A treatise on the famous miracle of the holy can- dle, entitled Dlscours sur ks Prodiges du Saint Cierge^ etc., of which the first edition, quite rare, St. Omer, 1693; the second and third. Arras, 1696, sm. 8vo, and 1744, 12mo. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gen.
Fatted Fowl (C^p^SX C"i"i2"i3, barburim' abu- sim' , Sept. oovi^MV ticXeKrio}' (T.r(nrd,Vu]g. ares alti- Its) are included in 1 Kings iv, 23 [v, 3J, among the daily provisions for Solomon's talile. Gesenius (Thes. Ileb. p. 246) prefers to translate this "fatted geese,"
referring the word to the root "1^3, "to be pure," be- cause of the pure whiteness of the bird. He gives reasons for believing that the same word in the cog- nate languages included also the meaning of swan (conip. Bochart, Ilieroz. ii, 127). Michaelis {Stipplem. p. 226) less aptly interprets field animals (from tlie Chald. 13, afulif). Whether domestic poultry was much raised by the Hebrews has been a matter of dis- pute ; but no good reason can be assigned why they ' in the movements against the Bastile, was named a should not in this respect have been as well supplied I member of the Commune de Paris, and assisted in the as their neighbors the Egyptians, who gave great at- I reorganization of the Ciiurch bj' composing the treatise tantion to them. See Hen. As it is pretty generally entitled ReVgion Nation^ile, and was one of the editors conceded that some kind of bird is intended by tli'e of the Bouc.he de Fcr (Iron Mouth"). In 1791 he was barbur here designated, none can in this particular ! made constitutional bishop of Calvados, from wliich compete with tlie dung-hill fowl ; and the fattening ' department he was chosen a deputy to the Assembly implies their domestication, while the fact of tlieir dui- \ and the Convention, where, though a zealous Repub- ly consumption at the royal table argues their extcn- j lican, he opposed the extreme measures taken in re- sive cultivation and common use. Geese, however, [ gard to the king and the Church, supporting by his Taa,y very prol)ably be intended, as they were an es- ! pen in the .Taurnal des Amis the positions maintained teemed article of food anciently, especially among the , by him in the Legislature. He consequently incur-
FAUCHEUR
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red the hatred of the Jacobins, and was included in the list of I'l Girondists pmscrilicd hy that part}' ; was accused of federalism and coniiilicity in the crime of Charlotte Corda}', though the only ground on wliich this last charge was leased was the accidental fact that Corday, coming to Paris an entire stranger, had ap- plied to him, as the bisliop of her province, for an in- troduction to the tribunes. He was, however, ad- judged guilty, and executed with his fellow-Girondist deputies. The statements as to liis repentance and recantation of Kepublieun doctrines in prison, made by the abbe Lothringer (letter in vol. iv of Annales Catho- liques), and of his venality by De Molleville (^Mimoires, ii, 35o-C), rest upon too questionable grounds to be accepted as true. In addition to the discourses and writings above mentioned, he published funeral ora- tions in honor of the duke of Orleans, the arclibishop of Bourges, and the abbe dc I'Epee; a eulogium of Franlilin, three discourses on liberty, and one on the agreement of religion and liberty, a treatise in favor of the agrarian law, and a portion of the text of the Tableau de la Revolution.— Hoet'er, Kouv. Blog. Giner. xvii, 163-5 ; Lamartine, History of the Girondists ; Jar- xy (I'abbe Valmcron), L'.16i(? Faucliet pc-iiit par lui- menip, etc. (Jersey, 171)1); Vie de I'Abhe Fauchet (Paris, 1791); Alison, Ilistorf/ of Europe. (J.W. M.)