Fiesne, Du. See Du Caxge.
Frey, Jean Louis, a Swiss theologian and philol- ogist, was born at Basle in 1G82, and died in the same place in 1759. He is said to have been Aimiliar with Hebrew at ten years of age. He was a pupil of Jean Buxtorf, under whom he studied Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic. In 1703 he became a minister, and then travelled through Europe to increase his knowledge. In 1711 he was made professor of his- tory and theology at Berne, and subsequently of Bib- lical exegesis, which chair he filled till his death. He was distinguished for the extent and variety of his knowledge. He left a considerable sum of money, and his own library of more than 8000 volumes, for the benefit of the library and students of the college at Basle. Together with other works, we have from him I)i.<put(itio ill qua Mohammedis de Jesu-Christo sententia exjyenditur (Basle, 1703) : — De Officio Doctoris Christiani dissert ationes iv (1711-1715). He edited a corrected and enlarged edition of Suicer's Thesaurxts Ecclesiasti- cus (Amsterdam, 1728, 2 vols, fol.), an edition of J Grj'nreus's Opuscula, etc., and wrote many of the notes for the edition of the Pafres Apostolici, published in Basle in 1742. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biogr. Generate, xviii, 841-2. (J. W. M.)
Frey, Joseph Samuel Christian Frederick,
was l)orn in Germany of Jewish ])arents. At the age of twenty-five he became a Christian, and in 181G came to the United States. He was then and for some years a Presbyterian minister, and subsequently became a Baptist. But he never ceased to be a Jew in feeling, 1 and was an enthusiastic votarj' of Rabbinical studies,
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which influenced him as a Biblical interpreter. He Libored chiefly for the conversion of the Jews, was agent of " The American Society for Ameliorating the Condition of the Jews " and edited a periodical called Th/i Jewish Intellvjencer. He died at Pontine, Michi- gan, in 1850, in the 79th year of his age. He was the author of a "Narrative" of his life : — " Josepli and Ben- jamin," a work on the diflferences between Jews and Christians: — Judah and Israd; or the Restoration of Christianity (1837, 12mo) -.—Lectures on .'^crijiture Ti/pcs (1841, 1'imo). He also publislied an edition of the He- brew Bible, a Hebrew Lexicon, Grammar, and Read- er, and The Hebrew Student's Pocket Comjxinion. See Sprague, Annals, vi, 757. (L. E. S.)
Preya, the goddess of the moon and love in the Scandinavian mythology, was tlie daughter of Niord and sister of Frevr, and is regarded bj' some as origin- ally the same with Frigga (q. v.), to whom, among the goddesses, she ranlis next in power and honor. She is described as l)eautiful, virtuous, and gentle, and ever ready to hear tlie praj'ers of men ; as fond of music, flowers, fairies, and the spring, and the source of in- spiration of the love-songs of tlie scalds. In the myths, which represent her, like Isis, as seeking her absent spouse (Odin), and as ranking next to Frigga, the earth-goddess, we may have symbolized the relation of the moon to the earth and the sun, and find an ex- plication of those resemblances which have led to tlie confounding her with Frigga. "She is alwaj's de- scribed as attended by two of her maids" (see pi. 13, | lig. 4, Mytholofjij and Religious Rites, in Icon. Encyclop.'). The name of Fridaj', the sixth day of the week, is de- rived from her. — Iconoffraphic Encyclopmdiu, iv, 279-80 (N. Y. 1851) ; Tliorpe, Northern Mythologij. (J. W. M.)
Freylinghaiiseii, Johann Anastasius, an emi- nent (iL'rman Pietist theologian, was born at Ganders- heim Dec. 2, 1G70. He studied theology at Jena in 1G89, and at Halle in 1692. In the latter place he gain- ed the friendsliip of Aug. H. Francke, whose vicar he became in 1695 at Glaucha, a suburb of Halle. In 1715 he became Franclve's son-in-law, his adjunct in the churcli of St. Ulricli, and was afterwards made direct- or of tlie Waisenhaus (orphan house). He died Feb. 12, 1739. His principal works are, Grundlegung der Theologie (Halle, 1703, often reprinted) : — Predigten it. d. Simn u. Festfagsepisteln (Halle, 1728) : — Busspredigten (1734) : — ^he also published GeistUches gesanghuch, etc. (Halle, 1704-1714, 2 vols. ; latest edit. 1741). Forty of these hjmins are of his own composition, and some of the best of them are translated in Miss Winkworth's Lyra Germanica. See A. H. Niemeyer, Lehensbeschrei- bung (Halle, 1786) ; J. L. Schulze, Di'nhnal d. Liebe n. Iloch'ich'ung fiir F. (Halle, 1784) ; L. Pasig, Biogra- phlsche SLizze Fs (A. Knajip's Christoterpe, 1852, p. 211) ; Herzog, Reil-Fncykl. iv, 591 ; Doering, Gelehrt. Thi'ol. Deutschlands, \, 491. (J. N. P.)
Freyr, in the Scandinavian my tholog}', one of the dynasty of the Vanir, or second class of gods, and son of Niord, was, together with his father and sister Freya, given as a hostage to tlie Asir, or first class of gods, who adopted them, and i)estowed on rre3'r for a dwelling the celestial castle of Alfheim. He was the god of the sun and fruitf ulness, to whom men prayed for favoring sea- sons and peace, and was regarded as well disposed to men. He was a patron of marriage, and the patron god of Sweden and Iceland. His chief temple was at Upsala, and sacrifices of men and animals were made to him. His festival was at the winter solstice, and his procession the signal for the ceasing of strife. The mytlis relate that Freyr, once mounting HUdskialf, the lofty seat of Odin, whence everN'thing on earth was visible, lielield in the high north, where dwelt the giants, the wondrously beautiful Gerda, the brightness of whose naked arms filled lioth air and sea with light, and was so smitten with love for her that he could neither eat. drink, or sleep. His parents, by means