Ge'der (Heb. id. ""15, Sept. rdcin), a name sig- nifying a wall (e. g. of a court, garden, shecpfold, etc., Prov. xxiv, 31 ; Ezelv. xlii, 10), hence an inclof ed or fortified place, and thus the basis of several names of
GEDEPvAH
■62
GEFFCKEN
castellated towns (e. g. Gederah, Gedor, Gadara, Ge- dcrotli, etc.); used once oiil>' (Josli. xii, lo) in this simple form as that of one of tlie thirt3'-one ancient royal towns of the Canaanites, whose kings were de- feated by Joshua. It is mentioned between Debir and Ilorniah; but, as the localities in that list are not strictly in geograjthical order, it niaj' be identified with the Gedou ((). V.) in the mountains of Judah (Josh. XV, 58), and with the Bkth-gadek (q. v.) of 1 Chron. ii, 51. The notices of Schwarz (^Palent. p. 8G, 104) are quite confused.
Ged'erah (Heb. with the article harj-Gederah', rnir.n, the fortress or sheep-cote [see Geder] ; Sept. l\a~j/|)«)) '^ town in the Shephelah or plain of Judah (Josh. XV, 30, where it is mentioned between Adithaim and Gederothaim [q. v.]). According to Eusebius and Jerome {Onomast. s. v. Vdciwa, Gaddera), it was still a village (V'icopa, Gudorti) near Jerusalem "around the Terebinth," an expression which Kaumur (A(^a.s-^. p. 193) interprets of the valley of Elah or the terebinth (1 Sam. xvi'i, 1); although Keil (on Joshua, ad loc.) shows that it means the wood of Jlanire, near Hebron, and Relaud had pointed out that tliis was in the moun- tains and not the lowlands of Judah {Palast. p. 802). Van de Velde has identified the site with that of " Gheteruh or Ghcderak, a village on the south banks of wady Surar, near the hi;j,h road from Ramleli to Ghuzzeh" {Memoir, p. 31.3); a position exactly agree- ing with that of the Cedits (KiCovc, Jerome Gedrus), described by Eusebius (Onomast. s. v. VtSovp, Jerome Gcedur) as a very large village ten miles from Dios- polis (Lydda) towards Eleutlieropolis (Beit-Jibrin). The inliabitants seem to be those designated as Geder- ites (q. v.) in 1 Chron. xxvii, 28.
Ged'erathite (Heb. only with the art. hag-Gede- rathi', "r.ljJij, as if from Gederah; Sept. o Tah]pio5i V. r. rnt^«p«3(('//,Vulg. Gaderothites'), an epithet of Jo- sabad (q. v.), one of David's faucous warriors at Zik- lag (1 Chron. xii, 4); so called as being a native prob- ably of the Gedor (q. v.) of the same passage (ver. 7).
Ged'erite (Heb. with the art. hag-Gederi' , "'■!'^5f^, as if from Geder; Sept. o Tt?nootTr)Q v. r. rf("(ii(), Vulg. Gederites), an epithet of Baal-hanan, David's overseer of olive and sycamore groves in the lowland of Judah (1 Chron. xxvii, 28); hence probably so called as be- ing a native of Gederah (q. v.) in that region (Josh. XV, 3G).
Ged'erotll (Heb. Gederoth', f IT^?) fortresses or sheejj-cotes [see Geder]; in Chron. with the art. ; Sept. raciiiuoj V. r. in Chron. r«\?;pw, etc. ; Vulg. Gideroih, Gederoth), a town in the " valley" of Judah (Josh, xv, 41, where it is mentioned between Kithlish and Beth- dagon) ; one of those captured by the Philistines from Ahaz (1 Chron. xxviii, 18). It cannot be identical with the Gederah or Gederothaim (q. v.) of Judah (whicli lay in a different group), nor yet with either Geder or Gedor (which were in the mountains). The associated names require a position "in tlie actual plain frdui north to soutii lictweeu tlic hilly region and the riiilistiue coast" (Keil, on Josh, ad loc.) ; perhaps at the modern Beit-Tima, marked on Van de Velde's Map as G miles east of Ascalon.
Gederotha''im (Heb. Gederolhd'yim, CniTlJ, two folds [see (iEDERj; Sept. omits, but some copies translate ai tircwXtiQ ah-tir, "Vulgate Gederothaim), the name of a town in the plain of Judah (Josh, xv, S6), mentioned in connection with Gederah (q. v.) ; where, probably, instead of rendering the copulative 1 "and," we should (with the margin) translate it "or," since otherwise there would be 15 instead of 14 cities enumerated, as stated in the text. So Schwarz {Palest, p. 103), who, however, confounds jt with Ge- deroth, and even witli the Gazara (q. v.) of the Apoc- rypha (see IJeland, Palivst. p. 778).
Gedi. See Goat ; En-Gedi.
Gediyah. See Goat.
Ge'dor (Heb. Gedor', "ii"IJ or [in 1 Chron. iv, 4, 18] "l"15, a wall [see Geder] ; Sept. Titojo, but 1 Chron. viii, 31 Ticovp, and 1 Chron. xii, 7 r'^naaa ; Vulg. Gedor), the name of one or two places, and also of a man.
1. An ancient city in the mountains of Judah (Josh. XV, 58), some of whose inhabitants joined David at Ziklag (1 Chron. xii, 7). It was probably this town to which " Josabad the Gederathite' (q. v.) belonged (1 Chron. xii, 4); as also " Jeroham of Gedor," whose sons Joelah and Zebadiah were among the mighty men that joined David in his difficulties at Ziklag (1 Chron. xii, 7) ; for it does not appear that all in that list were "Saul's brethren of Benjamin" (compare the terms " Haruphite," " Korhite," following). See Haketh. The name has the definite article to it in this latter passage (^n5tl~"T:). The place was probably the same as the Geder (q. v.) of the ancient Canaanites (Josh, xii, 13), rebuilt as Beth-Gader (q. v.) by Ha- reph (1 Chron. ii, 51), in conjunction with I'enuel (1 Chron. iv, 4) and Jered (1 Chron. iv, 1><). See 31i:ked. It is doulitless the Gidora of the Onomusticon, between Jerusalem and Hebron. See Gederah. It is very doubtful (see below) whether this be the same Gedor in whose fertile valley the Simeonites found good pasture for their flocks (1 Chron. iv, 39), yet Ileland regards them l:oth as the same {Palcest. p. 803). Dr. RoViinson, travelling from Jerusalem to Gaza, came in sight of a place called Jediir, with ruins, on the brow of a moun- tain ridge, which he identifies with Gedor {Researches, ii, 338; also new ed. iii, 283). It was also recognised by M. De Saulcy {NaiTaiire , ii, 451); comp. Schwarz {Palest, p. 8G) and Wilson {Lands of Eihle, i, 38G).