Godhead, the nature or essential being of God (Acts xvii, 29; Rom. i, 20; Col. ii, 9).
Godliness, strictlj' taken, is right worship or de- votion, but in general it imports the whole of practical religion (1 Tim. iv, 8 ; 2 Pet. i, 0). It is difficult, as Saurin observes, to include an adequate idea of it in what is called a definition. " It supposes knowledge, veneration, affection, dependence, submission, grati- tude, and obedience ; or it may be reduced to these four ideas : knou-lcdge in the mind, bj' which it is dis- tinguished from the visions of the superstitious ; i-ecti- tude in the conscience, that distinguishes it from \\y- pocrisy ; sacrifice in the life, or renunciation of the world, by which it is distinguished from the unmean- ing obedience of him who goes as a happy constitution
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leads him ; and, lastly, zeal in the heart, which differs from the languishing emotions of tlie lulvcwarm." The advantages of this disposition are honor, peace, safety, usefulness, support in death, and prospect of glorj' ; or, as the apostle sums up all in a few words, " It is prof- itable unto all things^ having tlie promise of the life that now is, and of that wliich is to come" (1 Tim. iv, 8). In 1 Tim. iii, 16, it means the substance of revealed re- ligion as furnished in the various particulars enumer- ated.— Barrow, \Vorl;s^ i, 9; Scott, Christ. Life ; Scou- gal, Life of God in the Soul of Man; Saurin, Sermons^ Engl, trans, v, serni. 3 ; Buck, Theol. LJictionari/, s. v.
Godman, John D., an American naturalist and physician, was born at Annapolis, Maryland, in 1794, and, being early left an orphan, was bound apprentice to a printer, and afterwards entered the navy as a sailor-boy. At nineteen he commenced the studj' of medicine, and on completing his studies he settled in Philadelphia as a physician and private teacher of an- atomy, and for some time was an assistant editor of the Medical Journal. In 18'iG he was elected to the professorship of anatomy in Rutgers' Medical College, and removed to New York, where he soon acquired ex- tensive practice as a surgeon. Ill health, however, obliged him to relinquish his practice, and spend a winter in the West Indies. He died of consumption at Germantown, Pa., April 17, 1830. He wrote a num- ber of professional works of viilue ; but he is mention- ed here because of the fact that, having at one time adopted the infidelity and atheism of the French natu- ralists of the last centurj', the death of a friend in 1827 led him to reflection and to the reading of the Scrip- tures, and he became eminent for Christian piety. An account of him by Dr. T. Sewall is pulilished by the American Tract Societj'.— Davenport, Biogr. Didion- arg ; Allibone, Dictionary of Authors, i, 681.
God-man. See Incarnation.
Godwin, Francis, an eminent English prelate and Church historian, was born at Havington, North- amptonshire, in 15G1. In 1578 he entered the college of Christ Church, Oxford, of which his father, Thomas Godwin, was dean. Here he took successively the de- grees of B.A. in 1580, M.A. in 1583, B.D. in 1593, and D.D. in 1595. He held divers ecclesiastical offices un- til his publication of the Catalogue of the Bishops of England caused him to be appointed bishop of Llandatf. A Latin translation of this work, dedicated to James I, secured him the bishopric of Hereford. He died April, 1633. His works are, A Catalogue of the Bish- ops of Jwgland since the first planting of Christianity in the Island, with a history of their lives and memorable actions (l(j01,4to; 2d ed. with additions, and Latin trans- lation, 1G15. This translation, with a continuation, was republished by Richardson, under the title De Prmsidihus Anglice Commentarius, Cambridge, 1743, fo- lio):— Rerum A^glicarum Henrico VIII, Edwardo VI, et jtfaria regnantihus, Annales (1016, fol. ; London, 1628, 4to ; English, by his son Morgan, 1630, fol.) ■.—Nunciiis inanimatus in Utopia (1629, 8vo) -.—A Computation of the Value of the Roman Sesterce and Attic Talent (1630) : — The Man in the Moon, or a Discourse of a Voyage thither by Domingo Gonsales (1638, 8vo ; another edit, of 1657 contains a translation of the Nuncius inanima- tus). See Biographia Britannica ; Chalmers, General Biog. Dictionary,
Godwin, Thomas, D.D., an English theologian, was born in Somersetshire in 1587. He entered Mag- dalen Hall, Oxford, in 1602, became head master of the free school of Abingdon in 1609, and afterwards rector cf Brightwell, Berkshire. He died in 1643, leaving a great reputation both as a teacher and as an author. He wrote Moses and Aaron ; or the civil and ecclesiastical Rites itsed by the ancient Hehreics, observed and at large opened for the clearing of many obscure Texts throughout the u-hole Scripture, etc. (London, 1685, 4to, 12th ed.) ; translated into Latin, Moses et Aaron, cum Ilottingeri
Notis (Ultraj. 1690 ; often reprinted) : — Romance klsto, rim Anthologia, an English Exposition of the Roman Antiquities (Lond. 1686, 4to, 16th ed.) : — Dissertatio de theocratia Isi-aelitarum : — Three Arguments to prove Election upon Foresight ly Faith, a work which broun-ht him into a controversy with the ultra-Calvinist Dr. Twiss (q. v.). See Home, Bibliographical Appendix ; Darling, Cyclop. Bibliog. i, 1279 ; Allibone, Dictionary of Authors, i, 682.