Hoiae Canonicee, etc. See Bkeviary ; Hours, Canonical; etc.
Ho'ram (B.cb. Horam', li'lh, lo/fi/ ; Sept. 'Qprf/x V. r. 'EXufi, AtXctn), the king of Gezer, who, coming to the relief of Lachish, was overthrown by Joshua (Josh. x,33). B.C. 1G18.
HorapoHo, or Horns Apollo, an Egyptian priest, and author of a treatise on Egyptian Hieroglyph- ics. Several writers of this name are mentioned by Sui- das, Stephanus of Byzantium under Phenebethis^ Pho- tius (p. 53(5, ed. Bekker), and Eustathius (Homer, Od. S), but it is doubtful which of them was actuallv the author of the treatise on Egyptian Hieroglyphics. " The probabiUty is that the work was originally written in the Egyptian language, and translated into Greek by Philip. Horus was the name of one of the Egyptian deities, who was considered by the Greeks to be the same as Apollo (Herod, ii, l-li-lSG). We learn from Lucian (Pro Imacj. § 27) that the Egyptians were fre- quently called by the names of their gods. But, what- ever may be thought respecting the author, it is evident that the work was written after the Christian sera, since it contains allusions to the philosophical tenets of the Gnostics. The value of this work in interpreting exist- ing hieroglyphics has been variously estimated. Cham- pollion, Leemans, and other recent scholars esteem it more highly than former critics did. It was printed for the first time by Aldus (Venice, 1505), with the Fables of ^sop. The best editions are by Mercer (1551), Hce- IV.— Y
schelius (1595), De Pauw (1727), and Loemans 6\nist. 1834). The last discussed in his Introdm lion iln' ilate and authorship of the work. See Enf/U.-ili ( 'iirl,.j,„,ri,t .• Hocfer, Kour. Biog. Gener. xxv, 166 ; liunson. . Eiji^iptnis Stilk in d. \\'eltfiesch.i,W2\ ChampoUion,/'/eci« (/(i Sys- t'eme Uiinxjhudiiqua des Anciens £(/yptiens, p. 347 sq. Comji. IIii;k(k;lyphics.
Horayoth. See Talmud.
Horb, JoHAXN Hkixrich, a distinguished (Jermau pietist, brother-in-law and co-worker of Spener, was born at Colmar, Alsace, June 11, 1645. He studied at the universities of Strasburg, Jena, Wittenberg, and Co- logne, afterwards travelled through the Netherlands, England, and France, and finally returned to Strasburg in 1670. In 1671 ho received an appointment as minis- ter at Birkenfeld, and in 1673 at Trarbach. Here the boldness with which he presented his so-called pietistic views disturbed the equanimity of the orthodox author- ities, and he was obliged to resign. He next became pastor at Windsheim, Franconia, and in 1685 accepted a call as pastor of St. Nicholas Church, Hamljurg, where he found himself associated with two other jiietists, John Winkler and Abraham Hinkelmann. Their Joint teach- ings created great excitement, which culminated wlien, in 1693, Horb published, under the title of JJ. K/uf/helt d. Gerechten, a translation of Pairet's excellent pamjihlet, Les vrais pi-incijjes de ['education Chretienne des en/ants, The agitation became so violent that in 1694 he was for- mally suspended, after which he retired to Steinbeck, where he died in Jan. 1695. He published Hist. Ori- ffeniana, etc. (Frankf. 1670, 4to) : — Hist. Manicha'ontm (Argent. 1670, 4to) : — Disquis. de tdtima origine harcseos Sinionis Mar/i (Leipz. 1669, 4to ; also in Vogt's JJibl. hist, hcei-esiol. i, 308 sq.) : — Hist, hares. Unitarior. (Frankfort, 1671, 4to) ; and a collection of sermons, D. Leiden Jesu- Christi (Hamburg, 1700). — Herzog, lieal-EncyJdopddie, vi, 261 ; Fuhrmann, Handivuiierb. d. Kirchenr/esch. ii,847 sq. ; Molleri, Cimbr. lifei-ata, ii, 355 sq. ; AValch, Pelir/. Streitifjkeit. in d. luth. Kirche, i, 615 sq. ; Ileuke, Kirchen- geschichte, iv, 526 sq. (J. H.AV.)
Horbery, IMattmew, D.D., an Enghsh divme, was born at Haxa}-, Lincolnshire, in 1707 ; educated at Lin- coln College, and elected fellow of Jlagdalen College. He became successively vicar of Eccleshall, canon of Lich- field, vicar of Hanbm^, and rector of Stanlake. He died in 1773. He was greatly respected as a sound, able, and learned theologian, and an amiable and excellent man. His sermons were praised by Dr. Johnson; they are written in nervous, animated language, yet with great simpUcitj'. Van IMildert classes them "among the best compositions of English divines." His Works, includ- ing the Sermons, and an Essay on the Eternity of Future PunisJimriifs. liavc been collected and published (Oxford, l^i'-^, :'. 1. mIs. s ■.,,). — Darling, Cyclojxedia Bibliographica, i, \1>.V.\: n.i..k. Kcdes. Biog. vi, 150; AVaterland, Works, 1,116.242,254; vi,416sq.
Horch, Heinricii, S.T.D., a German Pietist and Mystic, v.-as born at Eschwege, Hessen, in 1652. He studied theology and medicine at i\Iarburg, where he came under the influence of the great follower of Spener (q. v.), Theodor Untereyk, and embraced the doctrines of the Mystics. He also studied the Cartesian philoso- phy with much interest. In 1683 he was appointed minister at Heidelberg, in 1685 court preacher at Kreuz- nach, but in 1687 he returned again to Heidelberg. At the university of that place he obtained the degree of doctor of theology. In 1689 he went to Frankfort as minister of a Keformed Church, and in 1790 was made professor of theology at Hernbom. By his firm adhe- rence, however, to the JNIystic Arnold (q. v.), and his pe- culiar views of theology, holding, e. g. that divine reve- lations still continue, that the symbolical books are use- less, that the eucharist and baptism are unnecessarj-, etc., he finally lost his position (1698). He afterwards travel- led about, preaching in city halls and in cemeteries. At times he even entered churches, and preached in spite