Hiiet, Frannois, a distinguished French philoso- pher, was Ijorn Dec. 26, 1814, at Villeau, France. He was for a time professor at the University of Ghent, and distinguished himself greatly by his efforts to reform modern philosophy upon the principles of Bordas-De- moulin, who aimed to conciliate all the political and social influences of the Revolution with the religious traditions of ancient Gallicanism. His last years were spent in educating the j^oung prince of Servia. He died suddenly, while on a visit at Paris, July 1, 1809. His principal Avorks are Recherches siir la vie, les oitv- rages el hs doctrines de Henri de Gand (1838, 8vo) : — Le Cartesi.anisnie ou la veritable renovation des sci- ences (1843, 2 vols. 8vo), crowned by the French Acad- emy: — Le Regne social du Christiamsme (1853, 8vo) : — Essais sur la Reforme Catholique (1856, 8vo), written in connection with Bordas-Demoulin : — La science de Vesprit, principes de philosnpJne pure et appliquie (2 vols. 8vo, 1864). — Vapereau, Diet, des Contemporains, p. 907 ; Brockhaus, Unsere Zeit, 5th vear, vol. ii (1869), 237.
Huet (HuETius), Pierre Daniel, a French scholar, and ecclesiastic, was born at Caen Feb. 8, 1G30. He was educated at the Jesuit school of Caen, and was original- ly intended for the profession of the law ; but the perusal of the " Principles" of Des Cartes and Bochart's '• Sacred Geography' turned his attention to general literature, and lie became a zealous pupil of these distinguished men. In 1652 he accompanied Bochart to .S\veden. Here he discovered and transcribed the ;MS. of Origen, which subsequently became the basis of his celebrated edition of that Church father. He was solicited by the queen to settle in her dominions, but he refused the offer, and returned to France. In 1664 he iniblished an essay De Interpretatione, and in 1668 his edition of Ori- gen's Commentaria in Sac. Script. (Rouen, 2 vols. fol. ; Cologne, 1685, 3 vols, fol.), with a learned introduction, entitled Origeniana, since reprinted in the Benedictine edition of Origen. He thus acquired so great a reputa- tion that he was honored with the degree of doctor of law, and shortly after was appointed subtutor to the dauphin. He also took a leading part in editing the j Delphiiii edition of the Latin classics. In 1674 he was I IV.— B B
elected a member of the French Academy; and having taken orders in 1676, he was appointed in li;7.s to the abbey of Aunay, near Caen. In 1685 he was made l)ish- op of Soissons, but he never entered on this iidsiiion, and was transferred to the see of Avranches in 1(;'.I2. Desirous of devoting his time to study, he resigned his bishopric in 1699, and obtained the abbey of Fontcnay, near Caen. In 1701 he removed to Paris, and resided at the Jesuits' house. He died Jan. 26, 1721. His oth- er principal worlis are Dcmonstratio Kvangelica (Paris, 1679, often reprinted). " This work, which is the great moiuiment of Huet's literary reputation, was the result of various conversations with the eminent Rabbi IManas- seh ben-Israel at Amsterdam. It begins with a set of definitions on the genuineness of boolcs, history, proph- ecy, the Messiah, and the Christian religion. Then fol- low two postulates and four axioms. The propositions occupy the rest of the book, and in the discussion of these the demonstration consists" (Kitto) -.—De la situa- tion du Puradis Terrestre (Par. 1691, 12mo) -.—Covimen- tarius de rebus ad auctorem pertinentibus (Amst. 1718, 12mo),"his autobiographical memoirs — a model of pure Latinity, as well as the most interesting record of the history of his time." It was translated bj' John Aikin, M.D. (London, 1810, 2 vols. 8vo) -.—Censura Philosophic Cartesiance (Par. 1689, 1694, 12mo) : — Qucestiones Alne- tana; de Concordia Rationis et Fidei (Caen, 1690). The two last-named works are aimed at the Cartesian phi- losophy, to which Huet had adhered in his earlier days, and against which he appears in these works as one of the most formidable opponents: — Traite pihilosophique de lafaiblesse de V Esprit Humain (Amsterd. 1723, 8vo), " which, according to Voltaire, was regarded by manj' as a refutation of his Demonstrutio Evangelica, and has caused him to be classed among sceptics." All the Avorks of Huet were published in a collected form in 1712, and an additional volume, entitled Huetiana, in the year fol- lowing his dcatli (1722). See Hoefer, Xouv. Biog. Gen. XXV, 387 sq. ; English Cyclopcedia, s. v. ; Quarterly Rev. (Lond.), iv, 103 sq.; Chambers, Cyclop. \, 449 sq.; Mo- rell. Hist, of Mod. Philosophy, p. 195 sq., 523. (J.H.W.)
Hiiffel, JoHAXN Jakob Ludwig, a German divine, was .born May 6, 1784 at Gladenbach, in Hesse, and ed- ucated at the universities of Giessen and IMarburg. In 1817 he was appointed minister at Friedberg. in 1825 senior professor in the theological seminary at Herboni, and in 1829 jirelate of Baden and religious counsellor of the duke of Baden. He died July 26, 1856. Besides a collection of sermons (Giessen, 1817-29), Hiiffel publish- ed Wesen u. Bcruf d. evang. Geistlkhen (ibid. 1821, 4th edit. 1843) -.—Stunden chrisil.Avdackt (ISU):— Brief e ii. d. Unsterblichkeit (2d edit. Karlsruhe, 1832). The same subject is still further treated in a later work, entitled Die Unsterblichkeit avfs neue belenchtct (2d edit. 1838) : — Der Pietismtts geschichtlich beleuchtef (Heidclb. 1849). — Theol. Unirers. Lex. i, 372; Pieror, Univers. Lex, viii, 581.