TIUBER
383
IIUBMAYER
mainly to the study of jurisprudence, ilcscrvcs our no- tice on account of his Versuche mil Gott zu redeii (sacred songs) (Ileusl. 1775; Tiibing. 1787). He died at Stutt- gardtin 1800. (J.II.W.)
Hubei', Kaspar. See HunEUiNus. Huber, Maria, a celebrated mystic, was bom at Geneva in ItitH. She retired into solitude in 171'2, to indulge in contemplation and mysticism. She after- wards returned to live in Geneva, joined the Roman Church, and died at Lyons in 1759. She is generally named as a deist, yet her opinions partook rather of ex- treme mysticism than of inlidelity. Iler ]irincipal works are Lettres surla reiir/ion esseniwU'' a I'liomme (Amsterd. 1738 ; Lond. 1730, 2 vols.), in which " slie traces all relig- ion to the moral necessities of the heart, and considers revelation a more auxiliary to natural theology, a means of interpreting it to our own consciousness" (Hagenbach, Germ. liutioiudism, p. 55 sq.) : — Recueil de diverses pieces sercant de supplement mix Lettres sur la religion, etc. (Berl, 1754, 2 vols. ; Lond. 175G) : — Le moivlefou prefere an monde sage, dirise en ti'ois parties, fuisant 2i prome- 7iad(s (whence the work is sometimes styled Prome- naded) (Amst. 1731 and 1744) : — Le Systeme des iheolo- giens (incieus et modernes, sur t'etat des dmes separecs des corps (Amst. 1731, 1733, 1739) : — lieduclion dii Spectateur Anglais a ce qiCil renferme de meilleur, etc. (Par. 1753, 12mo\ Seucbier considers her as the author of the Jlis- toire d'Aljdssag (1753, 8 vo), which is generally at tribu- tcd to ;M iss Fauque. See Senebicr, flisl. litter, de Geneve, iii, 81; Haag. La. France Protestante; Pierer; Hoefer, Xotir. liiitg. Gene rale, xxv, 344.
Huber, Samuel, a German theologian, was born at Berne in 1547. He studied theology in Germany, and became pastor at Burgdorf. He >vas much given to controversy, especially in behalf of the Lutheran doc- trine on the Lord's Supper. Censured for a speech he made on the 15th of April, 1588, he nevertheless con- tinued to attack the doctrines of the Reformed Church, anrl was, in consequence, first imprisoned, and then ex- iled. In July, 1588, he went to Tiibingen, where he joined the Lutheran Church. He became pastor of Doredingen, and in 1592 professor at Wittenberg. His belief in free grace, and in the universality of the atone- ment, brought him into antagonism with Ilunnius, Ley- scr, and Gesner (1592) ; the breach between them was not healed by public discussions held at Wittenberg and Rcgensburg in 1594. Huber has been wrongly charged with teaching the doctrine of universal salvation^ He was a determined opponent of the Calvinistic doctrine of p.o.lestination, and held that the words " decree" and "election" were equivalent to "gracious invitation," >vhicli God extends to all men witiiout distinction. [*'But, to make their calling and election sure, they must spent and believe." Driven out of llesse-Cassel in 1594, he resided for some time at Jena, Helmstiidt, and iGoslar. He died March 25, 1G24. The most important {among his numerous works are Christum esse moi^tuum 1-0 peccatis omnium homimun (Tubing. 1590) : — Besldn- liges Bekenniniss (1597) : — Anti-Bellarminus (Gosl. 1G07, vols.). See A da Iluheriuna (Tiib. 1597 ; Lilb. 1 508) ; Gbtze, Acta Hub. (Lub. 1707); iic\imu\. Lehoisbeschrei- bung (Helmst. 1708) ; Pfaff, Introd. in Hist. Liter. Theol. pt. ii, bk. iii, p. 431 ; Arnold, Ketzerhistvrie, i, 952 ; JIos- heim, Ch. Histonj, iii, 158.
Huberinus (Huber), Kaspar, a Bavarian monk, afterwards a convert to Protestantism, Avas born near the close of the 15th century. He became a Protestant preacher in 1525 at Augsburg, and was appointed to a church at that place in 1527. He was a zealous oppo- nent of the Anabaptists, who were quite numerous at Augsburg about that time, and he also engaged in the Berne disputations on the ministration of the sacrament. He was in favor of the Lutheran doctrine on this point, and in 1535 he went to \\'ittenborg, to consult with Lu- ther personally, and to regain for Augsburg the celebra- ted Urbanus Rhegius (q. v.). Huberinus was also ac-
tively engaged in introducing the Reformation in the Pfalz, and in the territory of Hohenlohe. In 1551 he returned to Augsburg as prea(;her, but as he ahjue c)f the Protestant preachers at Augsburg had accepted the In- terim (q. v.), he was obliged to leave the city in 1 552, and died of grief at Oehringen Oct. G, 1553. lluberiims wrote quite extensively ; among other works, we have from his pen TrOstlicher Sermon v. d. Urstende Christi (1525) : — Schlussreden v. d. rechten I/aiul Gottes v. d. Ge- walt Christi (1529) ; etc. See Keim, Schwab. Ref. Ge.fch. p. 273, 278; Dollinger,/?^/<)7-Hif/?io;?,ii,576; Herzog, Real- J-Jncijklopddie, vi, 29G ; Theol. Univ. Lex. p. 372 ; Pierer, Unic. Lex. viii, 5G0. (J. H. \\ .)
Hubert, Leonard, a Belgian theologian, flourish- ed about the year 1 190. Ho Wiis at first a Carmelite monk, afterwards he became bisho]i of Darie, then suf- fragan of the bishop of Liege, and finally "inquisitor" of Liege. He wrote quite extensively. His most cele- bratoii works are De Immunilate Kccksiasticu: — Ser- mons.— Hoofer, Xour. Jiiog. Gen. xxv, 351.
Hubert, Mathieu, a distinguished French Ro- man Catholic, born at Chatlllon in 1G40, was a priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, and one of the most brilliant preachers of his country and Church. He died at Paris in 1717. He published Sermons (Paris, 1725, G vols. 12mo).— Feller, Diet. Hist, ix, 49 sq.; Hook, Kc- cles. Bioq. vi, 202; Hoefer, Xout: Diog. Gen. xxv, 355. (J. H.W.)