JACOB, HENRY
740
JACOBI
1757, 8vo). Of his other works, the most able are, per- haps, fTTin? ■'"'0' o" tlie Temple service, the sacrifice, etc. (Altona, i7-15-69, 8vo ; extract by S. Deutsch, Presb. 1835, 8vo):— D"^"?'^ V^^"' ^^'^^ P^""*^ "^ ^ S^eat work on the Jewish ritual G^tona, 1745, 8vo, and often) :— riSX 7?, the Mishnic tract Abofh, Y/'ith commentaries by celebrated Jewish savans, etc. (Amst. 1751, 4to) ; etc. See Griitz, Gesck. d. Juden, x (Index) ; Jost, Gesch. d.Ju- denthums, iii, 194, 252, 306 ; Furst, Biblioth. Jud. i, 241 sq. (contains a list of all his writings) ; Sam. Dubno, ^2S Tin"' (Berl. 177(3, 8vo); Fiirst, Jc/coS Emden in the Lib. d. dr., 184(5, c. -142. See Luzatto; Jews (Modern). (J.H.W.)
Jacob, Henry, an English Nonconformist, was born in the county of Kent in" the second half of the 16th centiu^,'. He was educated at St. Marj''s Hall, Oxford. He had secured the living of Cheriton, a place in his na- tive coiuity, but appearing before the public in print as an advocate of a reform of the English Church (" Rea- sons proving the Necessity of Reforming our Churches in England," Lond. 1604), he was deprived of his parish, and even obliged to flee the country. After residing some time in Holland he returned to England, and founded the first Independent (Congregational) church in that country. See Independents. In 1624 he em- igrated to Virginia, and here he died soon after his ar- rivaL Henry Jacob was an extensive writer, but his ^\-ritings are almost without exception of a polemical nature, and at present very scarce. The most impor- tant are, a reply to bishop Bilson's Sermmis on Redemp- tion (preached in 1597, publ. 1598, 8vo), entitled Trea- tise on the Stifferinffs and Victory of Christ (Lond. 1598, 8vo), and Defence of the same (1600, 4to). See Strj-pe, Life of Whitgift ; AlUbone, Diet, of A uth. i, 948 ; Hook, Eccles. Biofj. vi, 273.
Jacob, Stephen, a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born at Argyle, N. Y., Feb. 23, 1789 ; was converted in Feb. 1810 ; entered the itinerancy in June, 1812 ; M'as superannuated in 1818; and died April 24, 1819. He was a zealous, acceptable, and iisefid preacher, and de- votedly ])ious. — Minutes of Conferences, i, 327.
Jacobi, Friedhtch Hkineich, one of Germany's most eminent philosophers, was born at Diisseldorf Jan- uary 25, 1743. His father was a wealthy merchant, and, anxious to be assisted by his son, he designed him for the mercantile profession. When only sixteen years old, Jacobi was sent to Frankfort on the Main to learn the business. But he daily evinced fondness for a lit- erary profession, and a short time after, having removed to Geneva, he was further incited to study by associ- ation with learned men, among whom Avas the great mathematician Le Sage. The death of his father obliged him to retiu-n to Diisseldorf, to look after the business interests of the famih\ He, however, at the same time, continued his studies, which were now becoming multifarious, not to say contradictory, and, according to one of his biographers, " presented the strange appear- ance of a philosophical composite, including in his sin- gle personality the quadruple variety of an enlightened 18th century man, a mystic, an atheist, and a theist." Appointed a member of the Exchequer, he had much more leisure afforded him than while at the head of his father's business, and he now not only gave himself up to study, Init also to authorship, to which he had been encouraged by his literary associates, among whom lig- nred some of Germany's most noted names. His first productions were a collection of letters by an imaginary person nameil Allwill, and a romance called " Woldemar" (1777, and often), which, like some of the productions of his friend and jirosent associate Gcithe, incorporated the lihilosophical opinions of the writer. Brought more prominently to the notice of the government, lie was honored with a financial position in the state's service, and he removed to INIunich. But his unhesitating ex- posures of the imprudence and injurious tendency of the