Jarry, Pierre-Francois Theophile, a French Ro- man Catholic religious writer, was born at St. Pierre, Normandy, in March, 1764. After completing his stud- ies at Paris, he was appointed curate at Escots ; but, re- fusing to sign the clerical obligation demanded by the revolutionists, he was obliged to leave the country in 1791. In 1798 the bishop of Auxerre met Jarry in Ger- many, and appointed liim grand-vicar, and a short time after the exiled Pius VI appointed him archdeacon and canon of Liege, Belgium. Prevented, however, from as- suming the functions of this position, he resided at Mun- ster, where he was instrumental in the conversion of count Stolberg (q. v.). After the Restoration, he re- tired to Falaise. He died at Lisieux Aug. 31, 1820. Jarry wrote quite extensively, especially against the usurpations of the Revolutionists of France. His theo- logical works of note are. Dissert, sur Vepiscopat de St. Pierre a Antioche, avec la defense de Vauthenticite des ecrits des Saints Peres (Paris, 1807, 8vo) : — Examen d^une T>i.<xi rt. (Of the abbot Emery) sur la mitigation des peine-< d, .< <liniiiii.< i Lcipz. 1810, 8vo). See Hoefer, Nouv. Biograj,hi, (;,,Hr,de. xxvi, 386. (J. H. W.)
Jarvis, Abraham, D.D., a bishop of the Protes- tant I'^iiiscoiial Church, was born in Nonvalk, Conn., May 6 (( ).S.) 17:;;). He passed A.B. in Yale College in 1761, and became a lay reader at Middletown, where, two years alter, he settled as rector, having previously received ordination in England. In 1776 he presided at a convention of the Episcopal clergy held at New Ha- ven, when it was resolved to suspend all religious wor- ship. In 1797 he was elected bishop. He subsequently removed to Cheshire, N. IL, and died May 3, 1813. His stj'le of preaching is said to have resembled that of Til- lotson and Sherlock. He published Two Sermons. See Sprague, .1 nnals, v, 237.
Jarvis, Samuel Farmar, D.D., LL.D., was bom at Jliddletown, Conn., Jan. 20, 1786, and passed A.B. at Yale College in 1805. In 1811 he took charge of St Michael's Church, Bloomingdale, and in 1813 became rector of St. James's, N. Y. He aftenvards became pro-
JASAEL
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JASHER
fessor of Biblical literature in the Gen. Thcol. Seminar}', N. Y. In 1819 the doctorate of divinity was conferred on him by the University of Pennsylvania, and the de- gree of LL.D. iu 1837, bj' Trinity College, Hartford. When rector of St. Paul's, Boston, in 182G, he embarked for Europe to procure materials for a work on Church history. During an absence of nine years, he examined all the important libraries of Eurojje on the subject to which his attention was directed, and, on liis return, commenced^ Complete Ilistory of the Christian Church [portions of it were published in 1844 and 1850], which remains unfinished. He was appointed historiographer of the Church, and occupied various posts of honor in the diocese of Connecticut. He died in 1851. A list of his writings is given by Allibone, Diet, of A nth. i, t)5G. Jas'ael (laaariXoq v. r. 'Aaar}koc), a Griecized, or, rather, corrupt form (1 Esdr. ix, 30) of the Hebrew name (Ezra X, 29) Sheal (q. v.).
Ja'shen (Heb. Yasken', yii'^, sleeping, as in Cant, vii, 10, etc. ; Septuag. 'lacrsv v. r. 'Aach'), a person, several of whose " sons" are named as among David's famous body- guard (2 Sam. xxiii, 32), called in the parallel passage Hasheji the Gizonite (l Chron. xi, 34). Othtr discrep- ancies also occur between the two passages : the former names three, while the latter makes the first (Jonathan) son of the next, and both (with slight verbal variations) assign special patronymics to the last two. Perhaps the two accounts may best be reconciled by understand- ing the two braves referred to as being Jonathan Ben- Shammah (or Ben-Shageh), and Ahiam Ben-Sharar (or Ben-Sacar), grandsons of Jashen (or Hashem) of Gizon, in the mountains of Judah — hence called Hararites. B.C. considerable ante 1046. This name Kennicott be- lieves {Dissertation,!, 20l~o) lies concealed in the word rendered " the Gizonite" iu Chronicles, and accordingly proposes to read in both places " Gouni, of the sons of Hashem; Jonathan, the son of Shamha the Hararite?" his view being supported by the Alex, copy of the Sept., which reads vioi Adcifi 6 Vwyvi 'lixJvaBav i'lof 2ayj) 6 'Apapi. However, the want of the 73 before ''SS, and the rt prefixed to the name read by him as Gouni, are objec- tions to this view, and Bertheau may probably be right {Chronik. p. 134), that "'32 is due to a repetition of the last three letters of the preceding word, " the Shaalbon- ite" C^jhb" wri), and that we should simply read Ha- shem the Gizonite. In the list given by Jerome, in his Qiuestiones Hebraicoe, Jashen and Jonathan are both omitted. See David.
Ja'sher (Heb. Yashar', ^''^'^, vprif/ht). A volume by this title (^'w^n '^50, the book of the vprif/ht man ; Auth. Vers. " book of Jasher") appears anciently to have existed among the Hebrews, containing the records of honored men, or other praiseworthy transactions. The work is no longer extant, but is cited in two passages of the 0. T. in the following manner : " And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the booh of Jasher ? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day," etc. (Josh, x, 13). The other passage is 2 Sam. i, 17, 18: "And David lamented with this lamentation over Saul and over Jonathan his son (also he bade them teach the children of Judah [the use of] the bow: be- hold, it is written in the book of Jasher)." After this follows the lamentation of David.