KlRJATlI-JEARIJI.
Jeat'erai (Heb. Yedtheray', '^Tr^!'' perhaps for l^n?i, rich; Sept. 'hSrpi,Xu\g. Jethrui), son of Zerah, a Levite of the family of Gershom (1 Chron. vi, 21) ; apparently the same called Ethni in ver. 41.
Jebb, John (1), M.D., F.R.S., a Socinian writer, was bi)m in London in 173G. He studied at Trinity College, Dublin, and Peterhouse, Cambridge, of which latter he became fellow. He was made rector of Ov- ington, Norfolk, in 17G4, but, having changed from or- thodoxy to Socinianism, he declined any longer serv- ing the Church, and resigned in 1775, to apply himself to the study of medicine. He died at London in 178G. His writings have bf en published entire, entitled Works, Theoloffical, Medical, etc., with memoirs by John Disney, D.D. (London, 1787, 3 vols. 8vo). See A Letter to the Rev. Mr. Jebb with Relation to his Sentiments, etc. (Lond. 1778, 8vo) ; Resignation no Proof, a Letter to Mr. Jebb, by a member of the University of Cambridge (London, 177G, 8vo) ; A Letter to the Rev. John Jebb, M.A., etc. (Lond. 177G, 8vo); Atkins, General Biography ; Hoefer, Now. Biogr. Generale, xxvi, 609; Allibone, Dictionary of Authors, i, 957.
Jebb, John (2), bishop of Limerick, an eminent Iri.'^h tlicologian, was born at Drogheda Sept. 27, 1775. He studied at Dublin University, where his proficiency attracted the notice of Broderick, bishop of Kilmore, ■who made him curate of Swanlibar. When Broderick became archbishop of Cashel, he gave Jebb the living of Al)ington, one of the richest in Ireliind. He was finally made bishop of Limerick in 1823. A Protestant bishop in a district chiefly inhabited by Roman Catho- lics, he overcame the prejudices of the people by his lib- eral spirit, and staunchly defended their rights. He died at Limerick Dec. 7, 1833. His principal works are Sermons on Subjects chiefly practical, etc. (Lond. 1815, 8vo, and often) -.—Practical Theology (Lond. 1830, and again 1837, 2 vols. 8vo) -.—Pastoral Instructions on the Character of the Church of England (London, 1831 [new ed. 1844], sm. 8vo) -.—Thirty Years Com .y,n..deuce with A lexaruler Knox, Esq. (London, is.', 1. -J \ dls. Xvn). But by far his most important work is his Sumd Literature (London, 1820, 8vo, and often), intended chielly as a re- view of the works of Lowth on Hebrew poetry and Isai- ah. "Bishop Jebb imdertakcs to controvert some of the principles of Dr. Lowth, and to show that the crite- ria by wliich the latter would determine what is poetrj' in Hebrew are to be found in the New Testament as well as the Old. Aside from tliis controversy with Lowth, the work contains many iilustratinns and expla- nations of difficult or obscure passni^ps, valuable to the Biblical scliolar. ' No book of criticism has lately ap-
peared more worthy the attention of the student of the Bible.' " See Life of Bishop Jebb, with a selection from his letters, by Rev. Charles Forster (2d ed. Lond. 1837, 8vo) ; A\)Ji\ione, Dictionary of Authoi-s,s.v. (J. H.W.)
Jeberechi'ah (Heb. Yeberekyuh', only in the par- agogic form Yebtrekya'hu, ^in^D'na'', blessed by Jeho- vah ; Sept. Bapaxiaf), the father of Zechariah, which latter Isaiah took as one of the witnesses of his marriage with " the prophetess" (Isa. viii, 2). B.C. cir. 739. Both the Sept. and the Vulg. give the name in its ordinary form, Barachiah, and, as we do not find it elsewhere, the initial "^ is probably an error, which may be account- ed for by supposing the preceding word "p to have been originally plural, ''IH, the two witnesses being both sons of Barachiah, and the final letter, by a mistake of the copyist, to have been prefixed to the following word. The same pair of names seems to have been of no un- frequent occurrence in the priestly houses. Zechariah the prophet was son of Berechiah (Zech. i, 1), and we have " Zacharias, son of Barachias" (Matt, xxiii, 3, 5). Josephus also ( War, iv, 5, 4) mentions another Zacha- rias, son of Baruch. — Kitto. See Zechariah.
Je'bus (Heb. Yehus', 0^37, trodden hard, i. e. perh. fastness; Sept. 'Itjiovv), the name of the ancient Ca- naanitish city which stood on Mount Zion, one of the hills on which Jerusalem was built (Jebusi, Josh, xv, 8; xviii, IG, 28). In Judg. xix, 10 it is identified with Je- rusalem, and in 1 Chron. xi, 4, 5, the only other passage in which the name occurs, it is identified with the cas- tle of Zion, subsequently called the castle or city of Da- vid. The sides of Zion descended precipitously on the west and south into the deep valley of Hinnom, and on the east into the Tyropoeon, which separated it from Moriah. On the nortli side a branch valley, the upper part of the Tyropoeon, swept round it ; and here was a ledge of rock on which a massive tower was afterwards founded, perliaps on the site of an older one. Recent excavations on the site remarkably corroborate these facts. See Jerusalem. Jebus was thus naturally a place of great strength ; and, being strongly fortified besides, it is not strange that the Jebusites should have gloried in it as impregnable (see Rose, Prcemium Jebu- scBorum castri expugnati, Alt. 1729), and that the cap- ture of it by David should have been considered one of his most brilliant achievements (2 Sam. v, 8). Even after Jebus was captured, and Jerusalem founded and made the capital of Israel, Zion was separately fortified. It seems that in addition to the " castle" on the summit of the hill there was a lower city or subiu-b, perhaps lying in the bottom of the adjoining valleys ; for we read that the children of Judah had captured and biu-n- ed Jerusalem (Judg. i, 7, 8), while afterwards it is said "the Benjamites did not drive out the Jebusites that inhabited Jerusalem" (ver. 21). The Jebusites still h^eld the " castle," which was within the allotted territory of Benjamin, but the children of Judah drove them out of ' the lower town, which was situated within their bor- ders. This is, in substance, the explanation given by Josephus {Ant. v, 2, 2 and 5).— Kitto. See Jebisite.