JONAH B. -ABRAHAM
993
JONAS
also in Latin, Monach. 1672, fol.; Antw. 1681-3, 3 vols, fol.); Ue Salinas, Commmtarii (Lugd. 1652 sq., 3 vols, fol.); Crocius, Commeniarius (Cassel. 1656, Svo) ; Lcus- den, Paraphrasis [Rabbinical] (Tr. ad Rh. 1656, 8vo) ; Petrous, Notm [to a transl. from the iEth.] (L. B. 1660, 4to); *Scheid, Commentarius (Argent, 1659, 1665, 4t()) ; Gerhard, Amiotationes [includ. Amos] (Jen. 1663, 1676, 4to) ; Pfeilfer, Pralectiones (Yitemb. 1671, 1706, Lipsia?, 1686, 4to ; also in Opji. i, 1 131 sq.) , IMoebiiis, Jonas typi- cus (Lips. 1678, 4to) ; Christianus, lUnsiralio (Lips. 1683, Svo); Bircherod, ^>joo«//io (Hafn. KJSi;, 4t()); Von der Hardt, yEnirjmata, etc. (Helnistadt. in separate treatises, 1719; together, 1723, fol.); Oiitlidf. Vakhuu-im/ (Amst. 1723, 4to); Steuersloot, 6>«^/m//V/ (Lcydcn. 17':!(l, 4to); Van dcr Meer, Verklaarini/ (Vh>t. 174_'. ItcO; l.'richen- hnch. Be Rabbinis er7-aiitibiis. ctc.{A\t. 17(;i, ItiO ; Lessing, Obsrrmtiones (Chemnitz, 1780, 8vo) ; L;i\ atcr, }'ii,VuiU'n (Wintenth. 1782, 2 vols. Svo) ; Adam. S, ,Hlii„,js;jisrl,i'chte, etc. (Bonn, 1786, 4to) ; Piper, Vnidimtln ((iryph. 1786, 4to) ; Liiderwald, Allegoric, etc. ( 1 Iclmsladt, 1787, Svo) ; Iliipfner, Curm in Sept., etc. (Lips. 1787-8, 3 parts 4to); 'KordQ8,ObservationesinSept.,GX.c.{^GnSi, 1788,4to) ; Lowe, ^"Xa (Berl. 1788, 8vo; also in his general commentary, Dessau, 1805) ; Grimm, ErUdrunf/ (DUsseld. 1789, Svo) ; Fabricius, Commentarius, etc. [from Jewish sources] (Gott. 1792, Svo) ; Grangaard, Uehersetzung (Lpzg. 1792, Svo) ; Paulus, Zu-eck, etc. (in his Mi iiiordlnlien, Leipzig, 1794, vi, 32 sq.) •. Griesdorf, Ini, rpn idmli ratio, etc. (Vi- temb. 1794, 2 dissert. 4to) ; Benjoin, A'/i'i.s' (Cambr. 1796, 4to); Nachtigall, yl?//sc^r{/'C, etc. (in Eichhorn's Biblio- thek, Lips. 1799, ix, 221 sq.) ; Elias of Wilna, rjns (Wil- na, 1800, 4to) ; Goldhorn, A'a-cio-se (Lpz. 1803, Svo) ; Jones, Portrait, etc. (London, 1810, and often since, 12mo); *'PrmAxichs&n,Ueberblick, etc. (Alt. 1817, Lpz. 1841, Svo) ; Young, Lectures (London, 1819, Svo) ; Rpindol, Virxvch, etc. (Bamberg, 1826, Svo) ; *i;(.sriiiniill.r, Srlmlla (pari vii, vol. ii; Lpzg. 1827, Svo); Uitzig, (IniLl ah.Moah (Heidelb. 183' , 4to ) ; Cunningham, Lectures (Lond. 1838, 12mo); iiihihciXYi, Lectures (Lond. 1834, Svo) ; Krahmer, Untersuchuiifi (Kassel. 1839, Svo) ; Preston, Lectures (London, 1840, Svo) ; Jtiger, Emhveck, etc. (Tlib. 1840, Svo) ; Peddie, Lectures (Edinb. 1862, 12mo); Fairbairn, Jonah's Life, etc. (Edinburgh, 1849, 12mo) ; Macpherson, Lectures (Edinb. 1849, 12mo) ; Tweedie, Lessons (Edinb. 1850, 12mo); Drake, Xotes [including Hosea] (Cambr. 1853, Svo) ; Harding, L.ectures (Lond. 1856, 12mo) ; Muir, Lessoiis (Edinb. 1854, 1857, Svo); "Wright, Glossaries, etc. (Lond. 1857, Svo) ; Desprez, Illustrations (London, 1857, 12mo) ; Broad, Lectures (Lond. 1860, 8vo) ; *Kau- len, Expositio (Mogunt. 1862, Svo) ; *Martin, Jonah's Mission (Lond. 1866, Svo). See Prophets, Minor.
Jonah ben -Abraham Gerundi, a Jewish sa- vant, and one of the principal leaders of the opposition to the school of ]\Iaimonides, was born about 1195. A disciple of the celebrated Salomo of Jlontpensier, he had espoused the cause of the latter. He was one of the parties that pronounced the ban against all who should dare to read the writings of the celebrated Jewish phi- losopher, and his opposition had in every way been so bitter against the Maimonidists that it caused no little surprise in the Jewish camp when he, upon the attempt of the inquisitors to destroy all copies of the Rabbinical writings, openly declared his former course a rhistake, and pronounced the second Moses a great antl good man. He even entered upon a pilgrimage to the grave of the man whose writings and disciples he had formerly op- posed; and when, at the solicitation of a Jewish con- gregation which demanded his services, he halted on the journey, and there died (about 1270), his death was attributed by some of his superstitious l)rethren as a punishment of heaven for the non-fultilment of his duty to visit the grave of Maimonides, and there declare the foU}"^ of his former course. Jonah was a man of splendid parts, and did much to allay strife among his people. — Gratz, Gesch. d. Juden, vii, 46, 117 sq. See S.VLOJIO of
MONTPENSIER. (J. H. W.)
lY.— R R R
Jo'nan (hovav, perh. contr. for Jonathan or Jo- HANAN, or i. q. Jonas), the son of Eliakim and father of Joseph among the maternal ancestors of Christ (Luke iii, 30). He is not mentioned in the Old Test, B.C. considerably ante 876. See Genealogy of Christ.
Jo'nas (IwvuQ, for the Heb. Jonah), the Grwcized form of the name of three men in the Apocrypha and New Testament.
1. The prophet Jonah (2 Esdr. i, 39 ; Tobit xiv, 4, 8 ; Matt, xii, 39, 40, 41 ; xvi, 4 ; Luke xi, 29, 30, 32).
2. A person occupying the same position in 1 Esdr. ix, 23 as Eliezer in the corresponding list in Ezra x, 23. Perhaps the corruption originated in reading ''2''"iVn for ^T"ipK, as appears to have been the case in 1 Esdr. ix, 32 (compare Ezra x, 31). The former would have caught the compiler's eye from Ezra x, 22, and the original form Elionas, as it appears in the Vulg., could easily have become Jonas. — Smith.
3. The father of the apostle Peter (John xxi, 15, 16, 17). In John i, 42 the name is less correctly Anglicized "Jona" (some MSS. have 'iMcivvrjc). a!!d. ante 25. See also Bar-jona. Instead of '\ujva (genitive) in all the above passages, good codices have 'Iwarvov or '\.d- avov, which latter Lachmann has introduced into the text. Perhaps Jonas is but a contraction for Joannas (Luke iii, 27), which is the same as John.