XI. Commentaries. — The following are the exegetical helps specially on the two books of Kings, to the most important of wliich we prefix an asterisk : Ephraem Syrus, Explanatio (in Syriac, in his Opjy. iv, 439) ; The- odoret, Qucestiones (in Greek, in his Ojip. i, edit. Halle, 17G9); Procopius of Gaza, Scholia [including Chron.] (from Theodoret, edit. IMeursius, Lugd. Bat. 1620, 4to) ; Eucherius [falsely attributed to him], Commentcmi (in the Max. Bibl. Vet. Patr. vi, 965 sq.) ; Kashi [i. e. Itab. Sol. Jarchi], Commentariiis [Joshua -Kings] (trans, by Breithaupt, Gotha, 1714, 4to) ; Bailolas, "CJillB [.Joshua- Kings] (with Kimchi's Commentary, Seira, 1494, folio; and in the Kabbinical Bibles); Alscheich, nX'I'C, etc. [Joshua-Kings] (Venice, 1601, foL, and later); Bugen- hagen, A dnotationes (Basil. 1525, 8vo) ; Weller, Commen- tarius (Francof. 1557, Norib. 1560, fol.) ; Borrhaus, Com- mentarius [Joshua-Kings] (Basil. 1557, folio) ; Sarcer, Commentariiis (Lips. 1559, 8vo); Martvr, Commentarius (Tigur. 1666, 1581, Heidelb. 1599, fol.) ; Strigel, Commen- tarius [Samuel-Chron.] (Lips. 1583, 1591, fol.); Serarius, Commentaria [Joshua -Chron.] (Mogunt, 1609, 1617, 2 vols, fol.); Leonhardt, Hypomnemata [Samuel-Chron.] (Erfurt, 1608, 1614, 8vo; Lips. 1610, 4to) ; De Mendoza, Commentaria [including Sam.] (Lugd. 1622-1631,3 vols, fol.); Sanctius, Commentarii [Sam.-Chron.] (Antwerp, 1624, Lugd. 1625, fol.) ; Crommius, lllustrationes [Kuth- Chron.] (Lovan. 1631,4to) ; 'De.\eT&, Commentaria [in- clud. Sam.] (Lima', lo35, i'ol.) ; *Bonfrere, Commentaria [Sam.-Chron.] (Toniaci, 1613, 2 vols. fol. ; also with his other commentaries, Lugd. 1737); Caussinus, Disserta- tiones finclud. Sam.] (Par. 1650, fol. ; Colon; 1652, 4to) ; *Schmidt, Adnotationes (Argent. 1697, 4to) ; Calmet, Commcntaire (Par. 1711, 4to) ; A Lapide, Commentariiis [Joshua-Kings] (Antw. 1718, fol.); Brentano and De- reser, Erhldrniuj (F. a. 31. 1827, 8vo) ; Tanchur-Jerusa- Xdxvix, Commentarius [includ. Sam.] (from the Arabic, by Haarbriickcr, Lips. 1844, 8vo); *Keil, Commentar (Mos- kau, 1846, 8vo; tr. Edinb. 1857, 8vo, different from that in Keil and Delitzsch's Commentary) ; *Thenius, Er- kldrung (in the Kurzr/ef. Exer;. JIdhk: Lpz. 1849, 8vo) ; Schliisser, Einleitun;/ in die Biicher der Kvnige (Halle, 1861 , 8vo). For monographs on particular passages, see Danz, Worttrbuch, p. 555. See Co.m.mentarv.
King's Book is the name of a book published A.D. 1543, under the sanction of Henry VIII, entitled A nec- essary Doctrine and Erudition for any Christian Man.
KING'S DALE
100
KINGSLEY
Tlic people called it the Kiin/s J^ool: in contradistinc- t;!)!i from the work wliich I'tirnished the basis for tlie Kin<js Booh, and was called the Bishops' Book. This lat- ter was an exposition of tlie Apostles' Creed, the Seven Sacraments, the Ten Commandments, the Pater Noster, and the Ave Maria : to these, in the Kiiufs Book, was subjoined additional matter touching free will, good works, justification, predestination, and purgatory. A ciiraparison, however, of tlie two shows that in the Kiiu/'s Book there is a falling a^vay from the principles of the Reformation. See Institution of a Cheistian
King's Dale (T(5ari p'ZV, E'mek ham-Me'lek, Vit'hn of the Kinf) ; Sept. to TZiCioi' ruji' jiaai\(tov, >'/ KoiXuQ Tov jSaffiXiung), a place incidentally mentioned in two passages of Scripture only. When Abraham was returning with the spoil of Sodom, the king of Sodom went out to meet him "at the valley of Shaveh, which ?■■; the kinr/s dak" (Gen. xiv, 17); and in the narrative of tliG death of Absalom the incidental remark is insert- ed by the historian, " Now Absalom in his lifetime had reared up for himself a pillar which is in the king's dale" (2 Sam. xviii, 18). The locality has usually been sup- posed to be in the Valley of Jehoshaphat or Kidron, and that the well-known monument, now called the tomb of Absalom, is the pillar raised by that prince (Benja- min of Tudela, in E viij Tnw. in Pcd. p. 84; IJaumer, raldsf. p. 303; Barclay, Citij of the Great King, p. 92). The style of the monument, which is of the later Roman age, militates against this theory, unless we suppose that this structure merely represents the older tradition- ary site. See Absalom's Tojib. The names given to the valley, Einek, Shaveh, prove that a " plain" or '• broad valley" was meant, and not a ravine like the Kidron ; but this would tolerably well apply to its broader part at the junction with that of Hinnom. See Jehosha- phat, Yallky of. Others locate the king's dale at Bsersheba, others at Lebanon (Roland, Palccsf. p. 357), others near the .Jordan (Stanley, Jewish Church, i, 44). But if we identify Salem with Jerusalem, then doubt- less the king's dale was close to that city; and it seems highl}- probable besides that Absalom should have raised his memorial pillar in the vicinity of the capital (Krafft, Die Topogruphie Jerusalems, p. 88). Still others regard the place as that elsewhere called the '• Valley of Reph- aim," and now usually designated as the Plain ofBeph- (lim. This is on the direct route from the north to Hebron; a practicable road leads down from it through the wilderness to the shore of the Dead Sea ; and it is so close to Jerusalem that Melchisedec, from the heights of Zion, could both see and hear the joyous meeting of the princes of Sodom with the victorious band of Abra- ham, and the reclaimed captives (comp. Kurtz, Hist, of the Old Covenant, i, 218; AVilson, Lands of the Bible, i, 488 ; Kalisch, On Gen. xiv, 17). See Rkimiaim, Valley of. The epithet "King's," however, seems rather to favor a connection with the "king's garden" [see Je- rusai.km], which lay near the Tool of Siloam (2 Kings XXV, 4). See Shaveh.