Kirkland, Samuel, a Congregational minister, was born Dec. 1, 1741, at Norwich, Conn. He received his degree from the College of New Jersey, 1765, though not present himself. In Nov. 1765, he went on a mis- sionary visit to the Seneca Indians, and returning in Maj^, 1766, he was duly ordained and appointed mission- ary by the Connecticut Board of Correspondents of the society in Scotland. He settled at Oneida in the midst of the Oneida tribe, and labored until the Bevolution suspended his mission. During the war he served as chaplain in the army, and was engaged in negotiations with the Indians, for which services he was rewarded by Congress in 1785. As soon as the war was ended he continued his missionary labors among the Indians. In 1788 the Indians and New York State presented him ;\itli valuable lands, part of which he improved and oc- cupied. During the year 1791 he made a Statement of the Numhers and Situation of the Six United Nations of Indians in Noith America, and in the winter conducted a delegation of some forty warriors to meet Congress in Philadelphia. In 1793 he was instrumental in procuring a charter for the Hamilton Oneida Academy, which has since become a college. His connection with the socie- ty in Scotland was broken off in 1797, for what reason he knew not, but he continued his accustomed work un- til his death, Feb. 28, 1808.— Sprague, Anncds, i, 623.
Kirkpatrick, Hugh. See Kirkpatkick, Ja:\ies.
Kirkpatrick, Jacob, D.D., a Presbyterian divine, was born near Baskingridge, N.J,, August 7, 1785; ]nir- sued his classical studies under the direction of the IJev.
KIRKPATRICK
108
KIR-MOAB
Robert Finley, D.U., and graduated at the College of New .Tcrscy in LSO t. After this he studied law three years, b:;t in 1807 he decided definitely in favor of the ministry, and resumed his studies under John WoodhuU, D.D., of Freehold, N. J. In August, 1809, he was licensed hy the New Brunswick I'resbyterv, and was ordained and installed pastor of the United First Church of Am- well, Kingoes, N. J., June 20, 1810, where he continued to labor for tifty-six years. He was one of the founders of the Hunterdon County Bible Society (1816), and also among the earliest and most energetic promoters of the temperance reformation in that county. He died at l-iingoes, N. J., May 2, 186('). Dr. Kirkpatrick was a man of a large and generous heart ; his preaching was full of tenderness, pathos, and earnestness ; his Christian char- acter unassuming, and adorned with meekness and pie- ty.— Wilson, Presb. Historical A Imaiiac, 18G7. (J. L. S.) Kirkpatrick, James, a noted minister of the Presbyteriau Cluirch in Ireland, was the son of Hugh Kirkpatrick, a minister in Lnrgan, Scotland, from about 1(J8G to the Revolution, when he retired to Dairy, Ire- land, where he preached until 1G91, then removed to Old Cumnock, and in 1G95 again returned to Scotland, and died at Balh'money in 1712. James was educated at (ilasgow, entered the ministry, and became one of the most promising Irish Presbj-terians in the pulpit. In 170G he was the preacher of the Second Belfast congre- gation. During the opposition of the House of Parlia- ment to the Presbyterians, James Kirkpatrick became one of the ablest champions of the Presl)yterian cause. In 1713 he published ,4 « Historicul Kssui/ iipaii the Loy- altij of Presbyterians in Great Britain ami I r< luiidfrom the Reformation to the present Year (Belfast, 1713, 4to), to which neither he nor the printer dared to affix their names for fear of persecution. He died about 1725. — Reid and Killen, IJist. Presb. Ch. in Ireland, iii, 91 sq.
Kirk-Sessions is the name of a petty ecclesias- tical ju'licatory in Scotland. Each parish, according to its extent, is divided into several particular districts, every one of which has its own elder and deacons to govern it. A Consistory of the ministers, elders, and deacons of a parish form a kirk-session. These meet once a week, the minister being their moderator, but without a negative voice. It regulates matters rela- tive to public worship, elections, catechizing, visitations, membership, etc. It judges in matters of less scandal; but greater, as adultery, are left to the Presbytery, and in all cases an appeal lies from it to the Presbyterj'. The functions of the kirk-session were in former times too often inquisitorially exercised ; but this is now less freiiucntl)' attempted, and the danger of it is continu- ally diminishing through the growth of an enlightened public opinion. In former times, also, the kirk-session in Scotland often imposed lines, chiefly for offences against the seventh commandment; but this practice had no recognition in civil nor even in ecclesiastical law, and is now wholly relinquished. The kirk-session of the Es- tabhshed Church in each parish is fully recognised in Scottish law as having certain rights and duties with respect to the poor, but recent legislation has very much deprived it of its former importance in this relation. — Buck, s. v. ; Chambers, s. v.
Kirkton, James, a Scottish divine, who flourished in the sei'on<l half of the 17th century, is noted as the authnr of The secret ami true History of the Church of ,Srntl(i>i(lfrom the Restoration to 1078, etc. (edited by C. K. Sliarpe, Edinb. 1817, 4to), a work which has been highly commended by Sir Walter Scott (Lofulon Quart. Reriew, xviii, 502 scj.). Kirkton died in 1699. — Black- icooiVs Jfayazine, ii, 305 sq.