Of concordances to the Koran may be mentioned tliat of Flligel (Leipz. 1842), and the Niijiim al-FCirkan (Cal- cutta, 1811).
The Koran has been commented upon so often that the names of the commentators alone would fill volumes. Thus, the library of Tripoli, in Syria, is reported to liave once contained no less than 20,000 commentaries. The most renowned are those of Samachshari (died 539 He- gira), Beidhavi (died 685 or 716 Hegira), Malialli (died 870 Hegira), and Sovuti (died 91 1 Hegira). The Amer- ican Oriental Society has in its library at New Haven a superior copy of the Persian Commentary on the Koran, by Kamiil ed-Din Husam (2 vols, hi one, foUo). For a
KORATHITE
154
KOREISH
full list of tliese and tlie Oriental translations and edi- tions of tilt' Koran, sec Triil hut's pr.niijhlct, .1 Cataloijue of A ruble, Persian, and TurkUh Books printed in the East (Ei^j-pt, Tunis, Oiidh, Bombay, etc.). See Au.vbic
L.VNGUAdE.
The principal editions are those of Hinkelmann (Ham- burg. 1094), Maracoi (Padua, 1G98), Fliigel (Leipzig, 3d cd. 1838, a splendid one), besides many editions (of small critical value) printed in St. Petersburg, Kasan, Teheran, Calcutta, Cawnpore, Serampore, and the many newly- erected Indian jiresscs.
Literature. — In addition to the above, special refer- ence may be made to W. 3Iuir, The Testimony borne bij the Koran to the Jewish and Christian Scriptures (Alla- habad. India, 1860) ; Prof. Gerock, Christoloyie des Koran (Hamburg, 1839) ; Muir, Life of Mahomet (Lond. 18G0), A-ol. iv (the first volume being almost entirely occupied with a discussion of the sources available for such a bi- ograjjliy) ; a valuable article in the Calcutta Review, vol. xix; the Journal Asiatique, July, 1838, p. 41 sq. ; De Tassy, Doctrines et devoirs de la Religion Musulniane tires du Coi-an; White {Bampton Lectures'), Comjnirison of Mohammedanism and Christianity ; Neal, Islamism, its Rise and Progress (2 vols. 12mo — valueless) ; LMters to Indian Youth, hy Dr. Murray Mitchell, of Bombay ; Life and Reiiyion of Mohammed,in accordance with the Shiite Traditions of the IJezat al-Kulud (translated from the Persian by Kev. J. L. Merrick, Boston, 1850) ; Noldeke (Theodor), Gesch. d. Quoran (Getting. 1860) ; \Veil,//w- torische Einleit. in den Koran (Bielf. 1844) ; Weil, Mo- hammed der Prophet sein Leben u. s. I^ehre (Stuttg. 1843, 8vo); Sprenger, /.eie/i u. I^ehre von Muhammed (Berlin, 18G1) ; Ivreraer, Alfred von, Gesch. d. herrschenden Ideen des /slums (Lpz. 1868) ; Perceval (Caus'fein de), Essai sur Vhistoire des Arabes, (ivant I'lslamisme, pendant I'ejwque de Mahomet, et jusqu'a la reduction de iouies les tribus sous la lot J/uA-su/marte (Paris, 1847-8, 3 vols. 8vo); and especially Series of Essays on the Life of Mohammed, and Subjects subsidiary thereto, by Scyd Ahmed Khan Bahadcr (London, 1870) ; Amer.Presb. Rev. Oct. 1862, p. 754; Revue des deux Mondes, Sept. 1, 1865. On the Chris- tology of the Koran, see the Studien u. Krit. 1838-1847; \\.\ilo, J oui-^tial Sacred lAter. xxviii, 479; Lond, Quart. Review, Oct. 1869, p. 160 sq. (J. T. G.)
Ko'rathite (Numb, xxvi, 58). See Koraiiite.
Koides, Berenne, a Gemian writer on exegetical theology, was born at Liibeck Oct. 27, 1762, and studied at the universities of Kiel, Leipzig, and Jena. In 1793 he became librarian of the university at Kiel, and died there Feb. 5, 1823. His exegetical works are, Observa- tionum in Joucb Oracula Spccimina (Jena, 1788): — Ruth ex versions Sejituayinta inteipretuni (Jena, 1788). — Hoe- fer, Nouv. Bioy. Generale, xxviii, 84.
Ko're (Hebrew Ko)-e', X'lip, but H';{p in 1 Chron. xxvi, 1, a partridye, as in 1 Sam. xxvi, 20; Sept. Koof, but Kwpi) V. r. Ko(j/; in 2 Chron. xxxi, 14), tlie name of two or three men. Sec also Koraii.
1. A Lcvitc and Temple-warden of the Korahites, of the sons of Asaph, and father of Mcshelemiah or Shcle- miah (1 (Jhron. xxvi, 1). B.C. 1014. He was probably identical with the son of Kbiasaph and father of Shal- lum, Levites of the family of Korah, engaged in the same service (I Chron. ix, 19).
2. Son of Imnah, a Lcvitical porter of the east gate, ajipointed by Hezckiah to take cliargc of the Temple olTcrings (2 Chron. xxxi, 14 ). B.C. 726.
3. Hy erriineous translation in the A.Y. at 1 Chron. xxvi, 19 for Koraiiite (q. v.).
Koreish is the name of a celebrated aboriginal tnbe of Arabia, from whose ranks came Mohammed, the foun- der of Islam. Tlie iiiHuence which the Koreish must have exerted in the early days -of IMohamme^l is appar- ent from the fact that they exercised the guardianship over the Kaaba (q. v.). When Jlohannncd claimed for himself the dignity of a prophet, and inveighed against the i)rimeval superstition of the Koreish (ov Meccans,