accepted the bishopric of Dunblane, a small and poor diocese, and was consecrated at Westminster Dec. 15, 1661. Unfortunately for his peace, the men with whom he was now allied were even more intolerant and un- scrupulous than the Presbyterians. The despotic meas- ures of Sharpe and Lauderdale sickened him. Twice he proceeded to London (in 1665 and 1669) to implore the king to adoj)t a milder course — on the former of these occasions declaring "that he could not concur in the planting of the Christian religion in such a manner, much less as a form of government." Nothing was reaUy done, though much was promised, and Leighton had to endure the misery of seeing an ecclesiastical system which he believed to be intrinsically the best, perverted to the worst of purposes, and himself the accomplice of the worst of men. In 1670, on the resignation of Dr. Alexander I5urnet, he was made, quite agabist his per- sonal wishes, archbishop of Glasgow, and he finally ac- cepted this great distinction only on the condition that he should be assisted in his attempts to carry out a lib- eral measure for " the comprehension of the Presbyteri- ans." But finding, after a time, that his efforts to unite the different parties were all in vain, and that he could not stay the high-handed tyranny of his colleagues, he finally determined to resign the ecclesiastical dignity (in 1673). After a short residence in Edinburgh, he went to live with his sister at Broadhurst, in Sussex, where he spent the rest of bis days in a retired manner, devoted chiefly to works of religion. He died at London June 25, 1684. Leighton published nothing during his life- time. His great worlv is his P7-actical Commentary iipon the First General Epistle of St. Peter ; not a learned ex- position by any means, for the writer hardly notices questions of philology at all, but perhaps no more re- markable instance is extant of the power which sympa- thy with the writer gives in enabling an expositor to bring out and elucidate his meaning. Another able work of his is Pr(dectiones Theologice., of which an edi- tion was published a few years ago by the late profess- or Scholetield of Cambridge; also some sermons and charges. There is an edition of his work in 4 vols. 8vo, Lond. 1819 ; but the best edition is that of Pearson (Lond. 1828 ; N. Y. 1859, 8vo). Another good edition was pub- lished in 1871, in 6 vols. 8vo. All of Leighton's writ- ings have received the highest commendations liecause of the lofty and evangelical spirit that pervades them. They present the truths of Christianity in the spirit of Plato, and it was this that recommended them so much to Coleridge, whose Aids to Reflection are simply com- mentaries on the teachings of archbishop Leighton. '• Few uninspired writings," says Dr. Doddridge, '' are better adapted to mend the world : they continually overflow with love to God and man." See Hethering- ton, Ch. of Scotland, ii, 22 sq., 70 sq. ; Burnet's History of his Own Times; Burnet's Pastoral Care ; Doddridge's Preface to Leie/htoiis Works ; The Remains of A rchbish- op Leighton, by Jerraent (1808); his Select Works, by Cheever (Boston, 1832); Vearson, Life of Rohert Leighton (1832) ; Kitto, Cycl. Bihl. Liter, vol. ii, s. v. ; Chambers, Cyclop, vol. vi, s. v. ; Chambers, I^iog. Diet, of Eminent Scotsmen, s. v. ; Allibone, Lict. Brit, and A mer. A uthois, vol. ii, s. V.
Leipsic, Colloquy of, in 1631. The disputes which occurred in the 16th century, when the two evan- gelical churches framed their confession of faith, had produced great bitterness between the Lutherans and Calvinists. Attempts at reconciliation had already been made by pious individuals in the 16th century, and stiU others in the 17th, as, for instance, by the indefatigable Scotchman Dur»us, and by Rupcrtus Jleldenius, but with little success. It was the trial which the evan- gelical churches of Germany underwent during the Thirty Years' War that really first made the two sister communions forsake their former hostility. They saw that they were both standing on the brink of a preci- pice, and the ties which bound them to each other were strengthened. Both the authorities and the people
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