Ludamilia, Elisabeth von Schwahzburg Ru- dolkstadt, a noted female hymnist of German)-, was born April 7, 1640, and died March 12, 1672. She wrote 215 hymns, many of which are the pearls of (Jermaa sacred song. They were published entire in 1687, un- der the title LJie Stimme der Freundin (new edit. 1868). See her biography by Thilo (1856).
Ltideke, Christoph Wilhelm, a German theolo- gian, was born at Schiinberg, Prussia, Mar. 3, 1737. In 1758 he went to the Levant as a preacher of the Danish mission, and afterwards became pastor of the Lutheran Church, and director of their school at SmjTna. In 1768 he accepted a call to Jlagdeburg as pastor ; in 1773 to Stockholm, as German preacher and inspector of the German Lyceum. He died June 18, 1805. He was an excellent scholar in many branches of theolog}', has done
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much for mission and education, and by his contribu- tions to the literature on the Orient contributed large- ly to Bible geography. His Expositio h-evis locorum SacrcB Scripturm ad Orientem sese referentium, etc., de- serves special mention (Halas, 1777, 8vo). — Doring, Ge- lehrte Theol. Deutschlands, vol. ii, s. v.
LiiderTvald, Johann Balthasar, D.D., a German theologian, was born at Fahrland, Prussia, Sept. 27, 1722. He attended the University of Helmstiidt, and, having tinished the academical course, became in 1742 tutor ; in 1747, pastor at Glentorf, near Helmstiidt ; afterwards superintendent and first pastor at Forsfelde, where he died, August 25, 1796. He is noted as a defender of the truth against Lessing after the publication of the Wol- fenblittel Fragments by the latter. His Comnientatio de ri argumenti, quod licitur e silenfio Scriptoris (Guelph- erbyti, 1745, 8vo), deserves special mention. He also wrote Spicile(/ium ohservationum in prastautissimum I)e- borce epinicium, Judic. v, 4 (ibid. 1772, 4to). — Doring, Ge- lekrte Theol. Deutschlands, vol. ii, s. v.
Ludgardis (LudgariS, or Lutgardis), a celebra- ted thaumaturgist of the 12th century, was born about 1 182. At the early age of twelve she entered the Bene- dictine convent of St, Trudo, and soon gave evidence of mj'stic tendencies. She claimed to have visions in which she held familiar converse with the Virgin IMary, the angels, John the Baptist and the apostles, St. Cath- arine, and a number of other saints. Once she stated she had seen St. John the evangelist in the form of a shining eagle, who, opening her mouth with his beak, tilled her with divine wisdom. But Christ himself was generally the object of her ecstatic visions. After tak- ing the veil in 1200, she was in 1205 appointed abbess of the convent. In 1206, by advice of John de Lirot and of St. Christine, she entered the convent of the Cis- tercians of Aquiric, near Brussels. Here her visions be- came still more striking and numerous : in her medita- tions on the sufferings of Christ her body became cov- ered with blood, etc. She was also said to have worked a great number of miracles. She died June 16, 124G. Her biography was written by the Dominican Thomas Cantipratanus. See Alban Stolz, Legenden (Freib. 1856), vol. ii, 1. e. — Herzog, Ileal-E)ici/klop. viii, 511,
LUdicke, Johann August, a German theologian, was born at Cothen Sept. 15, 1737, and was educated at the Universities of Halle and IVankfort-on-the-Oder. In 1759 he became tutor; in 1762, subrector of the German Reformed town-school of his native place ; in 1776, pas- tor at (inetsch, where he remained until 1813. He died at Cothen July 9, 1821. For a list of his works, see Du- ring, Gelehrte Theol. Deutschlands, vol. ii, s. v.
Lu'dim (Heb. Li/dim', C^^^^j ■'^'^Pt' ^MSiiip; in 1 Chron. d''i"I^b, AojSuip ; in Jer. AovSoi, A.V. "Lydi- ans"), a Mizraitish or Egyptian people or tribe (Gen. x, 13 ; 1 Chron. i, 11 ; Jer. xlvi, 9), probably the same with LuD, No. 2. From their position at the head of the list of the Mizraites, it is probable that the Ludim were settled to the west of ligypt, perhaps further than any other race of the same stock. Isaiah mentions '• Tar- shish, Pul, and Lud, that draw the bow (ndj? i^d^). Tubal, and Javan, the isles afar off' (Ixvi, 19). Here the expression in the plural. " that draw the bow" (Vulg. (tendentes snfjittam), may refer only to Lud, and there- fore not connect it with one or both of the names pre- ceding. A comparison with the other three passages, in all which Phut is mentioned immediately before or after Lud or the Ludim, goes to conlinn the Sept. read- ing. Phut, <I>oi;o, for Pul, a word not occurring in any otlier passage, as the true one ; and we also notice as coincident the extraordinary change from ""^Cn to ]Vlo(T(i-y;. See Pul; Mesech. Jeremiah, in speaking of Pharaoh Necho's army, makes mention of " Cush and Phut that handle the buckler, and the Ludim that han- dle [and] bend the bow" (xlvi, 9). Here the Ludim are associated with African nations as mercenaries or
auxiliaries of the king of Egypt, and therefore it would seem -prdbahlQ, prwm facie, that the Mizraitish Ludim are intended. F^zekiel, in the description of Tyre, speaks thus of Lud : " Persia, and Lud, and Phut were in thine army, thy men of war: buckler {'^'yo) and helmet hung they up in thee ; they set thine adorning" (xxvii, 10). In this place Lud might seem to mean the Shemitic Lud, especially if the latter be connected with Lydia ; but the association with Phut renders it as likely that the nation or country is that of the African Ludim. In the prophecy against Gog a similar passage occurs. "Persia, Cush, and Phut (A. Vers. " Libya") with them [the army 'of Gog] ; all of them [with] buckler {'j;t) and helmet" (xxxviii, 5). It seems from this that there were Persian mercenaries at this time, the prophet per- haps, if speaking of a remote future period, using their name and that of other well-known mercenaries in a general sense. The association of Persia and Lud in the former passage therefore loses somewhat of its weight. In one of the prophecies against Egj'pt Lud is thus mentioned among the supports of that country : "And the sword shall come upon IMizraim, and great pain shall be in Cush, at the falling of the slain in Miz- raim, and they shall take away her multitude ((^31 w^), and her foundations shall be broken down. Cush, and Phut, and Lud, and all the mingled people (SiiSJ), and Chub, and the children of the land of the covenant, shall fall by the sword with them" (xxx, 4, 5). Here Lud is associated with Cush and Phut, as though an African nation. The Ereh, whom we have called " min- gled people" rather than "strangers," appear to have been an Arab population of the Sinaitic peninsula, per- haps including Arab or half- Arab tribes of tlie Egyptian desert to the east of the Nile. Chub is a name nowhere else occurring, which perhaps should be read Lub, for the country or nation of the Lubim. See Chub; Lu- Bi Ji. The " children of the land of the covenant" may be some league of tribes, as probably were the Nine Bows of the I'^gyptian inscriptions; or the expression may mean nations or tribes allied with lilgypt, as though a general designation for the rest of its supporters be- sides those specified. It is noticeable that in this pas- sage, although Lud is placed among the close allies or supporters of Egypt, yet it follows African nations, and is followed by a nation or tribe at least partly inhabit- ing Asia, although possibly also partly inhabiting Alri- ca. See Egypt.