MALAN
G77
MALAYS
body had issued for circulation among the masses an edi- tion of the N. T. in which all passages bearing on the divinity of Christ were so altered as to ftivor the Socin- ian belief; this translation Malan denounced with the most vehement eloquence, and from his pulpit expounded these self-same passages in tlie spirit of their intended declaration to the multitudes who crowded around him. (For a review of the Church at (Jeneva, see Hurst, Ra- lltmaUsm, chap, xviii.) By 1818 the rupture between him and the Church authorities of Geneva had become SI) great that reconciliation was an impossibility, and Jlalan was consequently dismissed irom the Established Church. Besides his relation to the cathedral, Malan had been regent of the academy ; in this post also he was now superseded by a divine of Socinian tendency. Not in the least daunted, he now followed the example of the Ilaldane brothers, and preached the truth wher- ever an opportunity would offer to address the multi- tudes and press forward the interests of Christ his mas- ter. No church accessible to him, he preached in his own house, for preach he would. The most eminent of (Jeneva's inhabitants gatliered regularly, and by 1820 he ;vas enabled to roar a church upon his own ground. He named it "The Testimonial Chapel" ("£« Chapdle (III Ti'inoignape"). But not only was his tongue active in buililing up Christ's kingdom among men, to his pen also he gave no rest ; now busy in the defence of Christ's divinity or the sovereignty of divine grace, to- morrow exposing and attacking Romish error, and next rushing forth in print to reach the masses by religious tracts, clear, simple, and practical. With these mani- fold duties upon him, he was }-et far from content. He organized a school of theology, and himself became one of the instructors ; founded a tract society, and a Mag- dalen asylum or ])enitentiary. He has also the honor to have been the lirst to introduce the Sabbath-school into Switzerland. Not even all this toil could prevent him in the least from fostering also a joy in the devel- opment of ajsthetical talents which he possessed. As a sacred poet he will live as long as the language in which he wrote shall be known, lie has been pronoiniced the French Dr. Watts. As a composer he likewise displayed unusual endowments, and as a painter and sculptor mas- ters of art delighted to enjoy his friendship and counsel. Thorwaldsen was his intimate friend, and more than once intrusted him with the completion of his choicest groups. Surely a master mind was that of Malan's. With untiring industry maintaining his position in the pulpit almost to the last, he died at his native place. May 8, 18oi. No better comment on such a life can be given than that by E. de Pressense : "Cesar Malan a ete ua homme d'indomptable conviction ; il a toujours suivi les impulsions de sa conscience sans hesitation" (Revue Chretienne, Aug. 5, 18(59, p. 502). His appear- ance at the age of fifty is thus described by an Ameri- can divine who had the pleasure of being his guest: " His personnel was noble and imposing; a little above the medium height, stout built, and, having something of a militar)' bearing, he was still natural and easy in his manners. His broad shoulders supported a superb head; his open and lofty brow gave one an idea of his mental power; his eyes were full of intellect and lire, and at the same time his loving look won your heart; his fine mouth indicated an iron will, combined with great tenderness; a profusion of white hair fell upon his shoulders" (The Observer [N. Y.], April 22, 18G9). The degree of D.D. was conferred on Malan by the Univer- sity of Edinburgh. Of his works, many of which have appeared also in an English dress both in England and in the United States, the following deserve special men- tion, T/ie Ch. of Rome (N. Y. 1844) -.^Les Mdmiers sont- ils inrisibles? (1828) ; his followers were called .l/o;«i>rs .- —Les Chants de Sio7i (182G, Tirao, and often), a collection of his hymns -.—Le Temoir/nw/e de iJieit (1833, 8vo) . See, besides the excellent article in the Xew A mer. Cyclop. 1864, p. 495, and Bost, Mimoires dii Reveil rcL des er/lhes protest, de la Suisse et de la France (see Index) ; theZ-i/'c,
Labors, and Writinr/s ofCasar Malan, by one of his sons (1809, jjost 8vo). (J. H.W.)
Malay Archipelago, also called the Indian or IC.vsTKKN Akchii'Klago and Malaisia, by far the largest, if not the most important island group, or rath- er system of island groups in the world, of which the principal are the Sunda Islands (embracmg Sumatra, Java, etc.), the Philippines, and the Moluccas, or Spice Islands. They are treated severally under the respec- tive names of the different islands. See Java; Macas- sar; Malacca; Moluccas; Philippines; Sumatra, etc. " The whole of these islands together, comprising an area of 170,000 square miles, contain about 20,000,000 of human beings of all grades of color and stature. The most ancient appear to be the Papoos, who are the only inhabitants of tlie Andaman Islands, but who are found farther eastward as a people driven into the forests, mountains, and defiles, and are not found again as a leading population till we reach New Guinea. Tiiey are among the most degenerate of the human race. They were supplanted more immediately by the Malays, who, having many centuries ago emigrated from India beyond the Ganges, have become a mysteriously hetero- geneous people by mixture with Papoos, Hindus, Arabs, Chinese, Siamese, and even with Europeans. The shores have of late years been more and more covered with Chinese emigrants, who threaten the same fate to the Malays which they have inflicted iiiwn the Papoos. The religions are as various as the nations, and tribes, and languages. Here we may still meet with aboriginal sorcery, together with the divine worship paid to moun- tains, rocks, woods, storms, volcanoes ; then with Brah- minism and Buddhism, the Chinese worship of ancestors exalted into demigods, the Mohammedan delusions, and the saint worship of the Romish communion. The wor- ship of God in spirit and in truth has hitherto been to those wretched natives a thing unknown, and what has been attempted for these forty or fifty years past by about seventy or eighty missionaries is as yet but little more than a beginning of what remains to be done." See Newcomb, Cyclop, of Missions, p. 479 ; Grundemann, Missionsatlas, No. 17. See Malays.