drConfinicrs; Visqwt, Fnil/rej,(,i,fllir(llr.^\liK'{'vT, Xoiii: Bin;,. Gaurnb: s. v.
Montbiun, Charles du Puy, a lluguonot war- rior, and a /.oalous Protestant, was born in the diocese of Gap in I.mII. He took an active part in the civil wars of his time, and rendered the Huguenots great ser- vice, performing several very daring deeds, and show- ing his bravery in an especial maimer at Jarnac and ]Montcontour. He was at last captured and executed in 157.'). See Allard, VU' du brave Monthrun ((Jrcnoble, 1675, 12mo): ^Martin, Hist, de Charles /Jiipin/ (2(1 cd. I'aris. ISIO. Svo); IloclVr. Xi,>ir. Hi,,,;. Ghierah: xxxvi. Ill l:!; Smiles. Il,„i„. w,l.<.
Montbrun, Guillaume. See BitiroNSET.
Montchal, Ciiaui.es de, a French prelate, was li(irn ill l.'>.'-!'.i at Annonay (Vivarais). His ;nothcr was Ainu; of (iuillon. At lirst abbot of Saint-Amand-de- Boisse, in the diocese of .Vngoulome, and of Saint-.Sau- veur-le-Vicomte, in the diocese of Coutances, he became archbishop of Toulouse in 1627 by the resignation of Louis de Xogaret, cardinal of La Villcttc The cardinal of La Yillette had not received lioly orders, and was not even a simple clerk. As for ^Montclial, he had not onlv
I been ordained, but he was that rare thing among eccle- siastics of quality, a theologian, and even an erudite I theologian. He was consecrated in Paris Jan. 9, 1628, and subse(iuently repaired to his metropolitan town. Toulouse then had a prelate who, clothed in liis sacer- dotal robes, ofKciated and preached, which was a great novelty. Charles de Montchal returned to Paris in 1635, and assisted at the assembly of the clergy, where he was one of the principal orators. In 1641 he was pres- ent at the assembly of Mantes, the history of which ha wrote. In 1645 he again took his seat in the assembly of Paris, where he energetically pleaded the cause of ecclesiastical franchise. Sept. 8, 1643, he consecrated the church of Soroze. Under his administration the Church of Toulouse prospered greatly, and became en- riched by a considerable number of monasteries and convents. He died at Carcassonne Aug. 22, 1651. The zeal of Montchal for religion was that of an eidightened mind. He thought that the Church should be power- ful, and was sensible enough to seek for the elements of that power in the example of good morals, the progress of ecclesiastical studies, and the noble triumphs of clo- (pience. He was the patron of a multitude of learned men, who dedicated their works to him ; among them may be mentioned Elienne Jlolinier, Fran(;ois C<jrabe- fis, Iimocent Cironius, Casanova, Kavel, etc. He is the author of Memoires (Rotterdam, 1718, 2 vols. 12mo) ; iu these Memoires is the Journal de VAssemblee de Mantes. See Gallia Christ, vol. xiii, col. 61 : Du ^lege, IJist. des Institut. de la ville de Toulouse, iii, 126, 127, — Hoefer, Xouv. Biofj. Generale, s. v
Mont de Piete. See Montes Pietatis, Monte, Cardinal deL See JuLifS II. Monte, Andreas de C::5Ta ^n DXi^ISS), a celebrated Jewish convert to Christianity, so named after he had embraced the new faith (before his conver- sion he was called /*. .Joseph Tsarjnithi I/a-A Iphasi, "^OEsXn "irS^U "Ol"^), was born in the early part of the IGth century at Fez, in Africa (hence his second surname, "^DS'sxri), of Jewish parents, who were na- tives of France, which is indicated by his first surname (irSi:j. Gallvs). He emigrated to Rome, where, after exercising the office of chief rabbi for many years, and distinguishing himself as an expounder of the Mosaic law, ho embraced Christianity about the year 1552, dur- ing the ])onti(icate of Julius III. He at once conse- crated his vast knowledge of Hebrew and rabbinical lit- erature to the elucidation of the prophecies, with a view to bringing his brethren into the fold of the l.'oinish Church, and wrote — (1) A voluminous work, entitled Cimn-in n^in-S, The Perplexity of the Jen-s, demon- strating both from the Scriptures and the ancient rab- binical writings all the doctrines of the Christian relig- ion. Bartolocci, who found the MS. in loose sheets in the Neophyte College at Pome, carefully collated it and had it bound. He did not know that it ever was ])rinted, but Fllrst (hibliothcca .htdaica, iii, 544, s. v. Zarfati) states that it was published in Pome, 16 — , 4to. However, Fabiano Fiocchi, in his work called Dialogo delta Fi-dc, has almost entirely transcril>ed it, so that the Biblical student may derive all the advantages from it for Christological purposes. (2) An epistle to the various synagogues, written both in Hebrew and Italian, and entitled Clbu: H'lSX, Lettera di Pare, dated Jan. 12, 15.S1. It treats of the coming of the true 3Ies- siah, and shows from the prophecies of the O. T., as well as from the works of the ancient rabbins, that he must have come long ago in the person of Jesus Christ (Home, 16—, 4to). Tiiis learned work and the former one are very important conlributions to the exposition of the Jlessianic prophecies, and to the understanding i of the ancient Jewish views about the Messiah. Greg- I ory XIII ap|)ointed JNIonte in 1576 preacher to the He- , brews of Pome in the oratorv of the Holv Trinitv; ho
MONTE CASSmO
533
MONTE CASSINO
was afterwards made Oriental interpreter to the pope, in which capacity he translated several ecclesiastical works from the Syriac and Arabic. He died in the be- ginning of the 17th century. See Bartolocci, Bihlio- theca Magna Rahhitiica, iii, 848 sq. ; Wolf, Bibltofheca Hebrwa i, 556 sq. ; Ginsburg, in Kitto, Cyclop. Bill. Lit. s. V. ; Kalkar, Israel n. die Kirche, j^. 7 1 ; Filrst, Bibl, Jud. i, 45 (s. V, Andreas).