Moschabeans is the name of a Mohammedan sect who believe that God is literally what the Koran de- scribes him to be. They arc a sort of Anthropomor- phites. It is certain that the vulgar Mohammedans are ignorant enough to imagine that God has hands, feet, eyes, and ears; some of them even hold that he has a thick, black beard, with a great many other imaginary attributes. See Broughton, Bibliotheca Ilistorico-Sacra, p. 1 1:!.
Moschampar, GEORrnrs {TtwpyioQ 6 Morrxi'i^i- nap), a noted Eastern ecclesiastic, flourished towards the close of the 13th century. He was a friend and contemporary of (Jeorge of Cyprus, patriarch of Con- stantinople, ^loschamjjar took a leailing part in oppo- sition to the doctrine of the Latin Church on the pro- cession of the Holy Spirit, and to the distinguished
advocate of that Church, Joannes Beccus or Veccus. He seems, however, to have had little weight with his own party. He published several treatises in opposition to Veccus, to which the latter ably replied ; but neither the attacks of the one nor the answers of the other seem to be preserved. There is a letter of Moschampar to his friend George of Cyprus, printed in the life of the latter, which was published by J. F. Bernard de Kubeis (A'enice, 1753). .See Pachymerius, Hist, i, 8; Allatius, GrcEc. Orthodox, ii, 3, 9. 10 ; Fabricius, Bibl. Gi'ac. iii, 46, 47, comp. viii, 53, 54 ; Smith, Diet, of Greek and Roman Bio;/, and .l/yMo/.S.v.
Moschi is the name given to an ancient people of Asia, south of the Caucasus, whose territory at the time of Augustus was divided between Colchis, Tiberia, and Armenia, and from whom a mountain range, extend- ing from the Caucasus to the Antitaurus, received the name of the !Mosc1n Jlountains. Their name, in the early classical writers, frequently appears coupled with that of the Tibareni, and the two tribes are generally identified with the Meshech (q. v.) and Tubal (q. v.) of Scripture.
Moscholatry. See Calf-worship. Moschus (Moff^oc), or, as Photius calls him, ./o- annes, the son of Moschus, surnamed 'EyKparliv, or, what appears to be a corruption rather than translation of that epithet, Eviratus, was born about 550, and was at first a monk in the monastery of .St. Theodosius of Jerusalem. He afterwards lived among the anchorites in the desert on the banks of the Jordan, and subse- quently filled the office of canonarchus in the convent of St. Saba. After visiting a large number of monas- teries in Syria and Egypt, he, together with his friend Sophronius, afterwards patriarch of Jerusalem, came to Alexandria, where they enjoyed the sincere friendship of John the Almsgiver (q. v.), one of the best of the patriarchs of the Eastern Church, who esteemed them 1 as fathers in Christ, obeying them in all things. After j i)reaching at Alexandria for some time, Moschus travel- led to Cyprus, Samos, and finally to Kome, attacking ev- erywhere the heresy of Severus Acephalus. At Home he applied himself, in connection with his friend and co- laborer, Sophronius, to the composition of a work giving an account of the life of the monks of that age down to the time of Heraclius. It is dedicated to Sophronius and John of Damascus; and Nicephorus assigned So- phronius himself as the author, from whicli it has been supposed that it was in reality mainly his work, though the name of Joannes Moschus was allowed to stand as that of the writer. It is, however, more probable that Moschus and Sophronius were co-laborers in this work as well as in their missionary journeys. The work was entitled Afijuwv or Aft/iwyoptor, or Nfof Trafiahinoc, and is still better known under the title of Pralinn Spir- itnale. In that edition it is divided into 210 chapters. Photius speaks of it as consisting of 304 Citjyiif^iara, but mentions that in other manuscripts it was divided into a larger number of chapters. In compiling it jMoschus did not confine himself to giving the residts of his own observations, but availed himself of the la- bors of his predecessors in the same field. His narra- tives contain a plentiful sprinkling of the marvellous. " The style of the work," as Photius says, " is mean and nnpolislied ;" but nevertheless it contains some valuable fact-s in regard to doctrines, heresies. Church-discipline, and especially nionachism of those times. Moschus died at Rome, and Bollandus gives A.D. C20 as the date of his decease. The above-mentioned work was j first published in an Italian translation, and incorporated j in several collections of lives of the saints. The Latin I translation of Ambrosius Camaldulensis is in the seventh I volume of Aloysiui- Lipsomannus (Venice, lo58\ It ap- ' peared in Greek and Latin in the second volume of the i .1 uctariiim Bibl. Patrum Duccvanum (Paris, 1(;44, IC.W). j .See Smith, Diet, of Greek and Roman Biogr. and Mi/thol. \ s. v. ; Fleurv, IlUt. Eccks. ad an. 614 si\. ; Sardagne,
MOSCOROVIUS
MOSCOW
Indie. P. P. (Ratisb. 1772) ; Photius, Cod. p. 199 ; Fa- bricius, Bibl. Grceca, v, caj). 16 ; viii, 201 sq. ; x, 124 ; Yoss, be IJisf. Grcpc. ii, 220 ; Hamburger, Zuverlassige Nuchrichlen, iii, 469 ; Saxe, Onomast. lilt, ii, 67 ; Kurtz, Ilandbuch d. aUgem. Kirchengesch. i, 2, 499; Basse, Grundriss f(. christ. Lift, i, 190 sq. ; Du Pin, Nouvelle Bibl. des Auteurs Eccles. xi, 57 sq. ; Ceillier, Hist, des Auteurs Sacres, xvii, 610 sq.