OVERBAGH
491
OVERBECK
fluence of archbishop Laud. Overall had a particular I friendship for Gerard Vossius and Grotius; and was much grieved to see the love of peace, and the projects of this last great man to obtain it, so ill requited. He labored heartily himself to accord the differences in Hol- land, upon what is known by the name of the Quin- quarticular controversy. Overall's chief work was the Convocation Book concerning the Government of God's Caiholick Church and the Kingdoms of the Whole World (London, 1G90). This treatise was adopted by the con- vocations of Canterbury and York, but was left unpub- lished by request of king James I. Overall's object in its compilation was to advocate the superior claims of the throne, and to dispute the claim of those who would place the episcopal office, as by divine right, superior to the throne. He also denies the Presbyterian claim of the superiority of the -rrpiajiuTtpoQ over the king by divine right. He also teaches that " there is no more necessity of one visible head over the Catholic Church than of one visible monarch over all the world," and that " a government, which had originated in rebellion, ought, when thoroughly settled, to be considered as or- dained by God, and as such to be obeyed by clergy and laity." Not having received the royal confirmation, the book is held as possessing no legal authority, yet there is no room to doubt that it was designed to be received as an authentic exposition of the mind of the Anglican Church on the subjects of which it treats. This work, preserved in manuscript for eighty-four years, was first given to the world by archbishop San- croft in 1G90, with the design of injuring the new gov- ernment; but an important passage in it which had been overlooked reconciled William Sherlock to the oaths, and he no longer refused to take them. A new edition of the work was published in the '• Library of Anglo-Catholic Theology" (ISi-l). Bishop Overall also wrote Sententia de Prcedestinaiione (London, 1651). He is besides named among the translators of the Bible, and as a writer of that portion of the Catechism of the Church of England which concerns the sacraments. For Overall's Notes on the Common Prayer, see Nichols, Commentarg ; for his remarks on The A^ecessitij of One Visible Head, see A\'ordsworth, Chrisiia.n Institutes, iv, 135 ; and for his remarks On a Middle State, see Camp- bell, Doctrines of a Middle State. See also Biograph- ical Dictionary, s. v. ; Allibone, Dictionary of British and American Authors, s. v.; Adolphus, Ma7iual for Students in Theology (see Index) ; M'Elhinnej^, The Doctrine of the Chui-ch, p. 260; Hallam, Literature, ii, 358 ; Stoughton, Ecclesiastical History of England (Chm-ch of the Restorafio7i), i, 219 ; Wordsworth, Ecclesi- astical Biograjyhy, i, 128 sq. ; iv, 297 sq.
Overbagh, Peter A., a minister of the Reformed (Dutch) Church, was born in 1779. He studied theol- ogy under Livingston, and was licensed to preach in 1803, From 1805 to 1806 he was stationed at Bethle- hem and Corymans, N. Y. ; from 1806 to 1809, at Wood- stock; from 1809 to 1817, at Woodstock and Flatbush (Ulster Co.). After 1834 he also preached at Plattekill station. He died in 1813. Through his influence the character of the community in which he spent his min- istry was greatly changed. He organized a Church in Flatbush with a dozen members, and left it with three hundred, besides having formed a new organization near by. Overbagh's labors, though mostly obscure, resulted in man}^ conversions, and he was regarded as an eminently useful and faithful man. See Corwin, Manual of the Reformed Church in America, p. 174, 175.
Overbeck, Friedricii, a distinguished German painter, to whom is justly awarded a large share of the merit for tlie movement in the early part of this cen- tury from which arose the modern German school of art, was born at Ll'ibeck July 3, 1780. He began his studies as an artist at Vienna in 1806; but having adopted and continued to persist in carrying out cer- tain notions of art, and the mode of studying it, essen-