sostomi. Baronius also ascribes to him (ibid.} Liber contra Pehir/ianos, Ilomiliarum Liber lani.i, and Ad Cce- lestimtm Epistoluruin Liber unus, with other works writ- ten in (ireok. For these statements he cites the au- thority of Trithemius, who, however, mentions only the IHalogue. It is probable that the statement rests on the very untrustworthy authority of Bale. See Bale, Script, niustr. Moj. Britaim. cent, xiv, sec. G; Usher, /. c; Sallerius, I. c. ; Soames, Hist, of the An{/lo-Saxon Church ; Wathcnngion, Hist, of the Church of Scotland ; Tillemont, Memoires, xiv, 154 sq., 737 ; F'abricius, Bibl. Med. et I/f. Lat. v, 191 sq.— Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Earn. Bior/. and Mythol. vol. iii, s. v.
Palladius of Suedra, an ecclesiastical writer of whose personal history we know only that he flourish- ed at Suedra, in Pamphylia. Prefixed to the Anco- 1-atus of I"]])iphanius of Salamis, or Constantia [see Epi- PHANius], is a letter of Palladius to that father. It is headed 'ETrtaroXy) ypatpuaa Trapu WaWaciov ri]^ aiiTtjg TTuXiiog ^ovsSpiov TTo\ir(voi.iii>ov ku\ aTToara- Xiiaa Trpog tuv aiiTvv liyiov 'ETri(pdviov alrljaairo^ Kat avToi) iripl tOjv avruii' — Palladii ejusden Suedrorum urbis civis ad Sanctum Epiphanium Epistola, qua idem ab eo postvlut — i. e., in which he seconds the request made by certain presbyters of Suedra (whose letter precedes that of Palladius) that Epiphanius would answer certain questions respecting the Trinity, of which the Ancoratus contains the solution. See Epi- phanius, Opera, ii, 3 (ed. Petav. Paris, 1622, fol.); F'a- bricius, Bibl. Grcec. x, 114. — Smith, i>ic^ ofBiog.s.v.
Palladius, Petrus, a Danish prelate of note, was the first bishop of Zealand, in Denmark, after the Lu- theran Keformation, and distinguished as one of the most learned theologians and most eminent Iteformers of his time. The Roman Index names him in the first class of heretic authors. His original name was Peder Plade, but this was, according to the fashion of those days. Latinized into Petnis Palladius. He was born at Ribe in 1504, and was for a short time schoolmaster in Odense ; but when twenty-seven years old he re- paired to Wittenberg in search of the truth, under the guidance of Luther and IVIelancthon. He remained there six years, and won the respect and confidence of his teachers to such an extent that his king, Christian III, at their request, appointed him bishop of Zealand and professor of theology in the L'niversity of Copen- hagen in 1537, notwithstanding his youth. He was ordained l)y Bugenhagen; and after the departure of the latter from Denmark, Palladius was the most influ- ential man in Denmark, and his voice had the greatest weight in deciding all Church questions and in the general arrangement of Church affairs, not only in his own diocese, but also in other parts of the Danish realm of that time, especially in Norway and Iceland; and he is also entitled to great credit for the part he took in the reorganization of the Copenhagen University. He was a very active man. He made frequent visits to every Church in his large diocese ; and when his health broke down and did not permit him to travel, he spent his time in writing a series of books, partly learned and partly popular, by which he aimed to strengthen the foothold of the Reformation in Denmark, to advance the cause of [jiefy, and to combat immorality and drunk- enness. He was one of the leading disputants against the Catholic canons of Copenhagen, Lund, and Ros- kilde (1543-1544). He preached zealously against the worship of saints, pilgrimages, and all other foolish rem- iniscences of Romanism that still lingered in various parts of the country. Yet was lie very clement in his dealings with liis opponents; and it is believed tliat he did not give his consent to the ill treatment of the re- formed fugitives who came to Denmark, headed by John ii Lasco. I'alladius assisted in the translation of the so-called Christian Hi's Bible, translated Luther's Cat- echism and Enchiridion, and in 155C published the first Danish ritual. On accoimt of his many other duties
PALLANT
593
PALLOR
he resigned his theological professorship in 1545, but was prevailed on to resume it again in 1550, the uni- versity not being able to get on without him. He re- signed again in 1558, and died in 1560. See Helvig, I)en danske Kirkes Historie efter ReformaHonen, 2d ed. ; Nordisk Conversationslexicon, s. v. Palladius ; Bar- fod, Fortrellinger, p. 434. (R. B. A.)
Pallant is the ecclesiastical term for an indepen- dent episcopal jurisdiction, liiic the archbishop of Can- terbury's peculiar at Chichester.
Pallas, a surname of A thene (Minerva), is always joined with her name in the writings of Homer, but by later writers is used independently.
Pallavicini, Batista, a learned Italian prelate, was born at Venice towards the close of the 14th cen- tury. He was archdean of Turin until 1444, when he was made bishop of Reggio. He died in 1466. He wrote Hisloria Jiendm criccis et funeris Domini nostri Jesu Christi, ad Eugenium IV j^opam (Parma, 1477, 4to). See Ughelli, Italia Sacra, vol. ii.
Pallavicini, Niccolo-Maria, an Italian theo- logian, was born at Genoa in 1(!"21, and was related to the preceding. In 1638 he joined the Order of the Jes- uits, and was finally made a professor of theology by queen Christina of Sweden. He was a great favorite at Rome, and was employed by the popes in several im- portant undertakings. Innocent XI conferred the pnr- ple upon Pallavicini, and otherwise favored him. He died Dec. 15, 1672, at Rome. Among his numerous writings the following are noteworthy : Difesa della Providenza diviiia coniro i nemici di orjni religione (Rome, 1799) : — Difesa del jjontijicaio Romano e della Chiesa Catfolica (ibid. 1686, 3 vols, fol.), both able de- fences, especially the latter, which is by many consid- ered the most consistent and skilful advocacy of papal supremacy. It is freely quoted by modern Romish apologists. See Sotwel, De Scrijjt. Soc, Jesu ; Stein- metz, Hist, of the Jesuits (see Index in vol. iii).