Perkins, William (2), a minister of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, South, was born in Goochland County, Va., Aug. 2, 1800, and, in his own words, was
PERL
954
PEROTTI
"born again" Aug. 30, 1825. He was licensed to preach in 1828, serving tlie Cluircli in a local relation with great acceptabilitj' for twent)'-five years. He was ordained deacon, Alarch 3, 1833, at Petersburg, Va., by bishop Hedding; ordained elder, Oct. 6, 1839, at Faj^ette, Mo., by bishop Jlorris. At the session of 1853 he entered the itinerancy as a member of the Mis- souri Conference, and continued in this connection un- til he ceased at once to work and live, Jan. 31, 1871. He filled various appointments on districts, stations, and circuits until the fall of 1870, when he was super- ' annuated. "Brother Perkins, as a preacher, was too well known to require panegyric. He was able and faithful — a man of culture and extensive research, whicli, however, he never obtruded in his pulpit min- istrations. There he was the simple, earnest ' mes- senger of God,' whose trumpet gave no uncertain sound. He was a gifted and useful minister of the New Testament, delighting and glorying in the cross of Christ. All the time during his last illness he was in a very hapjij' frame of mind, exhorting all his friends to increased faithfulness in the service of God" {Min- utes of the Aiinuul Conferences of the, M. E. Church, Soufh, 1871, p. GOG, 607).
Perl, Joseph, a Jewish savant, was born about 1773. He holds a prominent position in Jewish histo- ry and literature as propagator of the modern school sj'Stem among the Jews in Austro-Galicia. He gave time and money for tiie foundation of a higher school for the Jews at Tarnopol, which afterwards became famous, and of which he was tiie president until his death, Oct. 1, 1839. He not only aimed at a correc- tion of the educational and school system, but also fought against the Chasidaic obscurantism, which tried to suppress every new movement that aimed at the amelioration of the condition of the Jews. For this purpose he wrote, "pliiilJ n?;i"2, 151 epistles written after the fashion of the Epiatokc obscuroruni virorum (Vienna, 1819) : — n-ip-lli "'■^^"', against the Chasi- dim and their rabbins (ibid. 1830) : — p'^T^J "'^"^-j * kind of criticism of his Epistolce, also against the Chasi- dim (ibid. 1838). See Furst, Bib/. Jud. iii, 78 ; Gratz, Gesch. d. Juden, xi, 487 sq. ; Jost, Gesch. d. Juden h. u. s. Selcten, iii, 185, 343 ; Mannheinier, Leic/ienrede (Vienna, 1840); Rappaport, in Kerem Chemed, iv, 45-57; v, 163 sq. ; Busch, Jakr'jiicfi, 1846. 1847; Ziinz, Monatstage (Enj,l. transl. bv Rev. B. Pick, in Jeicish Messenger, New York, 1874). (B. P.)
Perla, Francesco, a painter of Jlantua, supposed by Volta to have studied under Giulio Romano. There were two fine frescos in the dome of the chapel of S. Lo enzo in that city attributed to him. Little besides is known of this artist. He flourished about the mid- dle of tlie 16th century. See Spooner, B'wg. Hist, of the Fine Arts, ii, 676.
Permaneder, Mr iiakt,, D.D., a Roman Catholic divine, was born at jSIunich in the year 1794. In 1818 he was ordained to holy orders. In the following year he was appointed teacher at the pro-gj'mnasium ; in 1822, professor at the gymnasium. In 1834 he was appointed to fill the chair of canon law and Church history at the lyceum in Freising, which position he held until the year 1847, when he was called to Mu- nich for the same wo k. He suddenly died at Re- gensburg, Oct. 10, 1862. Of his writings we men- tion, Jldtidbitch des gemeingiil/igen hifholiscfien Kir- chenrechts (3d ed. Landshut, 1856 ; 4th ed. 1865) :—Bib- liotheca patristica, 2 vols. ; vol. i contains a Patrologia generally, and the second, which is unfinished, the be- ginning of a Patrologia specialis. See Literanscher Hanhreiser fnr dai katholische Dcutschland, 1862, p. 235,282; 18G5, p. 77. (B. P.)
Pernoctalians {watching al night) is a term that represents what was long a custom with the more pious
Christians, especially before the greater festivals. See Vigil.
Perola, Juan and Francisco, two brothers, Span- ish painters, sculptors, and architects, were natives of Almagro, and flourished about 1600. Thej' visited Italy, studied under ]\Iichael Angelo, and finished their artistic education in Spain under Gasparo Becerra. Af- ter leaving that master thej' gained considerable dis- tinction, and were commissioned bj' the marquis de Santa Cruz to erect his palace at Vico. Of their works in sculpture, the Biograjihie Universelle mentions tlie busts decorating the above-mentioned palace, and the mausoleum of the marquis of Santa Cruz in the church of the Franciscans at Vico. They also painted the grand altar-piece in the same church, and, in concert with Mo- hedano, thej' painted several frescos in the sanctuary of Cordova and the convent of Seville.
Tliere was an architect named Ksteban Perola, a native of Almagro, and contemporary with the pre- ceding. He designed and probably erected the con- vent of S. Francisco at Seville, ccmmenced in 1623. See Spooner, Eiog. Hist, of the Fine A rfs, ii, 676.
Peroni, Giuseppe, an Italian painter, born at Par- ma about 1700. According to the Abate Afto, he first studied mider Felice Torelli at Bologna; next with Donati Creti ; and afterwards went to Rome, where he became the pupil of Agostino Masucci. According to Lanzi, he designed much in the style of Carlo Ma- ratti, but his coloring partakes largely of the verds and other false coloring of Conca and Giaquinto, who were then very popular at Rome. Such are his pictures of St. Phili/i, in the church of S. Satiro at !Milan, and the Conception, in the possession of tite Padri dell' Oratorio at Turin. Lanzi says, also, that his best works are his frescos in the church of S. Antonio Abate at Parma, which rank him among the good painters of his age. There he also painted an altar-piece of the Crucifxion, in competition with Pompeo Battoni. He executed several other works for the churches of his native city ; adorned its academy, and wrought much for the col- lections. He died at Parma in 1776, at an advanced age. Lanzi calls him the Abate Giuseppe Peroni, a title probabl}' conferring some favor upon him. See ' Spooner, Biog. Hist, ofths Fine Ai-ts. ii, 676.