Perrone, Cardinal. See Perron.
Perrone, Giovanni, a noted Italian Jesuit, one of the ablest of modern Homanist theologians, was born in 1794, in Chieri, Piedmont. After studying in the college of Iiis native city, he finished his theo- logical course in the University of Turin, where he was finally received doctor. At tlie age of twenty- one he went to Home, and entered the Society of Jesus. After one year of novitiate, he was sent to Orvieto to teach dogmatic and moral theology to tlie students of the society, to whom were added the pupils of the Ger-
manic college. Being ordained priest, he taught in the Roman college, and was appointed, in 1830, rector of the college of Ferrara, from whence he was recalltd, in 1838, to resume the teaching of theology in the Roman college. In 1818, at the time of the Roman revolution, he went to England for safety, and onlv re- turned to Rome in 1850. Three j'ears afterwards he was made rector of all the Roman colleges. Father Perrone, who, with father Passaglia, is counted among the greatest theologians of Italy, thereafter took his seat in the congregation of bishops and regulars, and in the provincial councils, and was charged with the re- vision of the books of the Eastern churches. He was also counsellor to the Propaganda, and the Ritual com- mittee, etc. Indeed, Perrone was in scientific and lit- erary' relations with the most distinguished savans of Europe. He died at Rome in 1875. His works amount to more than sixty, and have been translated into Lat- in, French, German, English, and Armenian. The prin- ci]>al are, Pralectiones theologies (Rome, 1835, 9 vols. 8vo). This work has had more than twenty-five edi- tions, and the difi'ei'ent treatises of which it is composed have been translated into French and German. An abridged edition of it was made (ibid. 1845, 4 vols. 8vo), and was followed by seventeen others : — Synopsis his- torice iheologice cum phi/osophia comparaiw (ibid. 1845, 8vo) : — De immaciduto B. V. Murice conceptu, an dog- matico de cr= to drfniri possit (ibid. 1847, 8vo) ; several editions in German, French, and Dutch: — Analyse et Considerations sur It Syniholique de Mcehler (ibid. 18S6, 8vo) : — II Ilermesianismo (ibid. 1838, 8vo) ; translated into French and Latin : — Analyse et Reflexions sur V llis- toire d' Innocent III, by Fred. Hurter (ibid. 1840, 8vo) : — II Proteslantismo (ibid. 1853, 3 vols. 8vo) ; translated into French by the abbe A. C. Peltier (Paris, 1854, 3 vols. 8vo). See F. Ed. Chassay, Notice sur la ]'ie et les Ecrits du R. P. Perrone, at the beginning of the Lst work quoted. — Hoefer, Nouv. Bi"g. Gmerale, s. v.
Peironet, Charles, a Wesleyan preacher in the days of the founder of Methodism, and one of the com- panions of the Wesley's, was born about 1720 at Sliore- liam, England, where his father was then vicar. He was educated at Oxford I'niversity, and was intended for the ministry in the Church Establishment. But becoming interested in the Wesleyan movement, like his brother Edward and his father, Charles accompa- nied Charles Wesley in 1747 to Dublin, and travelled for more than half a year over Ireland. This was his initiation into the itinerant ministry, and he became a most efficient helper in the Wesleyan cause, ^^'hen Charles Perronet joined the Conference we have been unable to determine. His name does not appear in the appointments or minutes even as late as 1753, but as many of Wesley's assistants did not join the itiner- ant ranks, it is possible that Perronet sim]ily labored as the opportunity opened. In 1755, at the twelfth Conference, e. g., there were present 63 preachers, who are subdivided into three classes ; the first is a list of 34 names, beginning with John and Charles Weslcj--, headed "Our present itinerants are." The second is a list of 12 names, headed "half itinerants ;" the third contains 14 names, who are called "our chief local preachers." " These half itinerants," says Smith {Lfe <f Wesley, p. 288), " were unquestionably men who gave themselves up to travel under Weslej-'s direc- tion." Charles Perronet must have belonged to this class. In 1776 we find the death of Charles Perronet recorded, and he is spoken of as an itinerant Methodist preacher of ' ' more than twenty years' faithful service." " He was a living and a dying witness of the blessed doctrine he always defended — entire sanctification. 'God,' he said shortlj' before his death, 'has purged me from all my dross; all is done away. I am all love.' " See Arminian Maq. 1871, 529 ; Stevens, Hist, of Methodism, ii, 260. (J. H. W.)
Perronet, Edward, was the son of Vincent Per-
PERRONET
961
PERRY
ronet (q. v.), and for some time the associate of the Wesleys. In Charles Weslej^'s diary he appears un- der the affectionate nickname of " Ned." In college Terronet figured as one of the poetic trio beside John and Charles Wesley. In 1746 he travelled with Charles Wesley in the north of England, and was then initi- ated into the persecutions and otiier trials of an itin- cait preaciier's life in early Methodism. Stevens savs that " Perron et showed good courage, and some- times intercepted blows and missiles aimed at Wesley by receiving them himself." In 1748, at the fifth An- nual Conference, we lind Penonet's name recorded as an itinerant member. Shortly after, however, he ceased to travel with the Wesleyans, having taken ex- ception to Wesley's adherence to the Church. He ■was for a while employed by lady Huntingdon, and preached successfully at Norwich, Canterbury, and otlier places, Init from her views of the Church he also differed so widel}' that he quitted her connection like- wise, and became the pastor of a Ciiurch of Dissenters at Canterbury. He died in 1792. His last words were, "Glory to God in the height of his divinity ; glory to God in the depth of his humanity ; glory to God in his all-sufficiency ! Into his hands I commit nij' spir- ] it.' He was the author of an anonymous poem called the Mitre, one of the most cutting satires on the Na- tional Establishment that has ever been written. It was suppressed, after it was in print, by the influence of John Wesley, it is thought, though he himself in later life said, " Fur fovtj' years I have been in doubts concerning that question, ' What obedience is due to heathenish priests and mitred infidels?'" Charles Wesley was shocked at the poem, and declared it to be lacking in wit and of insufferalile dulness, but his feeling as a churchman may have dimmed his sight as a critic. Perronet, however, it must be acknowledged, is severe, even though it be considered that in his day there was much to provoke his satirical genius. He wrote also several small poems, chieflj' on sacred sub- jects, and hymns, published by request of his friends, and entitled Occasional Verses, Moral and Sacred, pub- Hiked fur the Instruclion and Amusement of the camlid- hj Serious and ReVyious (1785). But that which has given him his place in the memory' and gratitude of the Christian world is his hymn entitled The Corona- tion, beginning, "All Hail the power of Jesus' name." This hymn was in some measure the product of the times in which Perronet lived. They were times made memorable by the wonderful victories gained for the Gospel of Jesus Christ. See Stevens, Hist, of Method- ism (see Index in vol. iii) ; Christopher, Eptrorth Sing- ers, ch. ix. (S. S.)