CYCLOPEDIA
OF
BIBLICAL,
THEOLOGICAL, AND ECCLESIASTICAL
LITERATURE.
PREPARED BY
THE REV. JOHN M'ei^INTOCK, D.D., JAMES STRONG, S.T D.
Vol. IX— RH ST.
PRIVATE LIBRARY RICHARD C HALVCPSGNI
NEW YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS,
FRANKLIN SQUARE.
1880.
4
CYCLOPEDIA
OF
BIBLICAL,
THEOLOGICAL, AND ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE.
PREPAEED BY
THE REV. JOHN M'eL^INTOCK, D.D., JAMES STRONG, S.T D.
Vol. IX— RH ST
PRIVATE LIBRARY RICHARD C HALVERSGN
NEW YORK:'
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS,
FRANKLIN SQUARE.
1880.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1880, by
HARPER & BROTHERS,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
PREFACE TO VOL. IX.
The design of this work, as stated in the prospectus and successive prefaces, is to furnish, not only a complete Bible Dictionary, but a universal reference-book on all subjects of religious interest, including non-Christian faiths and characters, and espe- cially the biography of deceased persons in public positions in the various churches and schools of philosophy and sacred art. In the present volume that plan, as car- ried out in its predecessors, has been steadily maintained. The progress has been more rapid as the task approaches its completion. Volume X is already Avell in hand, and its appearance may be expected in about one year from this time. The Supplement, for which much material is even now ready, will immediately follow thereafter, bringing up all arrearages from the beginning. The Supplement will include everything of value found in the new edition of Herzog's Real-Encyklopadie not already given in this Gydopoedia.
The large colored Map of the Peninsula of Sinai, yv\\\c\\ is folded in a pocket in the cover, has been carefully drawn under the immediate eye of the editor, and embraces all the latest topographical information, including the observations made during his recent visit to that region.
The following are the names of special contributors (besides the editor and resj- ular collaborators) to this volume, as indicated by their initials subscribed to their respective articles :
G. F. C Professor G. F. Comfort, A.M., Ph.D., of the Syracuse University, N. Y.
J. T. C The Kev. J. T. Ckane, D.D., of the Newark Conference,
W, E, G, . . . The Rev, W, E, Gkiffis, Schenectadj', N. Y.
D. Y. H The Rev. D. Y. Heisleu, Mont Alto, Pa.
(J. F. H Professor G. F. Holmes, LL.D., of the University of Virginia.
R, H The Rev, R, Huicheson, A.M., Washington, la.
D. P. K Professor D. P. Kidder, D.D., of the Drew Theological Seminary, N. J,
,J. P, L The late Professor J, P. Lackoix, Ph.D., of the Ohio Wesleyan University.
B. P The Rev. B. Pick, Ph.D., Rochester, N. Y.
N, P President N. Porter, D.D., LL.D., of Yale College.
P. S Professor P. Schaff, D.D., LL.D., of the Union Theological Seminary, N. Y.
A. J, S, . . . . Professor A, J, Schem, A,M., West Hoboken, N. J.
E. de S Bishop E, de Schweinitz, D.D., editor of The Moravian, Bethlehem, Pa.
,T, L, S The Rev, J, L, Sooy, Lexington, Ky.
,r. C, S The Rev. .T. C. Stockbridge, D.D., Providence, R, L
W. P, S The Rev, W. P, Strickland, D.D., N. Y. city.
W, J, R. T, . . The Rev, W, J. R, Taylor, D.D., Newark, N. J.
LIST OF WOOD-CUTS IN VOL. IX.
Coin of Rhegium Page 2
Plan of Rhodes 4
Early Coin of Rhodes 4
Rib in Oxford Cathedral 5
Rib in Westminster Abbey 5
Rib in Gloucester Cathedral 5
Rib in Thornton Abbey 5
Rib in Divinity School, Oxford. ... 6
Rib in Wymington C
Kanina el-Hermel, near Riblah 7
Castle of Tierusteigeu 15
Ridge-piece in Llan Tysilio 24
Martyrs' Monument at Oxford 25
Riug.s on a Mnmmy's Hand 30
Ancient Egyptian Finger-rings. . . 31 Ancient Assyrian Finger-rings... 31
Linked Esponsal-riug 32
Arab Robbers 44
Rococo Ornament 57
Roebuck 60
Roebuck from Assyrian Monu- ments CO
Roll and Fillet 67
String at Dorchester 67
Figure of Roma 6S
Map of the Roman Empire S8
Roman Emperor and Empress SO
Roman Orator and Youth 90
Exterior of Church at Laach 97
The Forum at Rome 110
General View of Rome Ill
The Mamertine Prison 113
The Capitoline Wolf 119
Rood at Sherborne 120
Ancient Egyptian Roof 121
Ancient Egyptian House 121
King-post Roof 122
Queen-post Roof 122
Hammer-beam Roof 122
Hammer-beam Roof at Dorchester 122
Roof at Kidlington 123'
Roof at Devizes 123j
Heart-shaped Rosary 126'
yareisnus tazetta 129
Oleander 129|
Badge of theTudors 13o|
Rose of Jericho 131
Rubble-work 147|
House of Rubens 147
Stern of an Ancient Ship 149
Ruta graveolens 150i
Figure of Rugiwit 153'
Ancient Racers 155,
Cypcrus papyrus 158
Eight-ended' Cross 173
Popoftchin Teacher 174
Popoftchin Monk at Home 174;
Popoftchin Monk Abroad 174
Popoftchin Nun 174
Pomoryan Teacher 1 75
Fedosejoftchin Teacher 175
Skoptzi Dance 177
Muscovite Bishop.. 179
Rustic Work ISOJ
Spelt 185
Convent of Mar Saba ISS
Diagram of a "Sabbath-day's Jour- ney" 199
Coin with Bust of Poppaea 204
Ancient Egyptian Harps 2111
Brother of the Sacred Heart 218
Lady of the Sacred Heart 219
Suoveiaurilia 231
Ancient Egyptian Saddles 234
Saffron 243
Coin of Salamis 251 j
Map of Salamis 252!
View of Cape Salmone 257
Dead Sea from Ain-Jidy 262
Dead Sea from Massada 264|
Section of the Dead Sea 265
Oriental Salutation of a Superior Page Oriental Salutation of a Sovereign Oriental Salutation of a Friend. .. Samaritan on the Egyptian Monu- ments