4. The separate commentaries on the entire book are not very numerous. Of the Church fathers we men- tion the following : Origen, Fraf/mentum (in 0pp. ii, 478 sq.) ; Theodoret, Qucestion^s (in 0pp. I, i) ; Isidore, Commentaria ( in 0pp. ) ; Bede, Quastiones ( in 0pp. viii); Kaban, Commentaria (in Opp.^\ also Irimpertus, ETposi/io (in Pez, Thesaur. IV, i, 141 sq.). By mod- ern expositors there are the following: Banolas, H^IIS [includ. Cant, etc.] (finished in 1329; pub. by Jlarka- ria, Riva di Trento, 15t)0, 4to; also in Erankfurter's Rab- bin. Bible) ; Bertinoro, Tli^llS (Cracov. s. a. 4to; also in his works, Ven. 1585); Sal. Isaak, dl'HB (Salon. 1551, 4to); Alkabaz, itt?"; i::':^il5 (Const. 1561; Lubl. 1597, 4to) ; Mercer, Veisio Syriaca cum Scholiis (Par. 1564, 4to) ; Isaak ben-Joseph, C1"iQ (Sabbionetta, 1551, 8vo; Mantua, 1565, 16mo) ; Strigel, Scholia (Lips. 1571, 1572, 8vo); Feuardent, Commentaria (Par. 1582; Antw. 1585, 4to ) ; Lavater, Homilice. ( Heidelb. 1 586, 8vo ; also in English, Lond. 1601, 8vo); De Celada, Commentarii (Lugd. 1594, 1651, fol,); Cuper, Commentarius [includ. Tobit, etc.] (Mogunt. 1600, 4to) ; Topsell, Commentarius (Lond. 1601, 8vo); also Lectures (ibid. 1613, 8vo); Al- scheich, n'd?2 "^i"^? (Ven. 1601, 4to); IManera, Com- mentarius (ibid. 1604, 4to); Heidenreich, £.r;joM7io [in- clud. Tobit] (Jen. 1608, 8vo); Serrarius, Explanatio [includ. Judg.] (Mogunt. 1609, fol.); lier\\nr<\, Commen- tary (Lond. 1628, 4to) ; Sanctius, Commentarii [includ. other books] (Lugd. 1628, fol.) ; Bonficre, Commentarius [includ. Josh, and Judg.] (Par. 1631, 1659, fol.); Crom- mius, Commentarii [includ. Judg., etc.] (Lovan. 1631, 4to) ; Drusius, Commentarius (Amst. 1632, 4to) ; Schleup- ner, Expositio (Norib. 1632, 8vo) ; D'Acosta, Commeri'
RUTHENIAN VERSION
182
RUTHVEN
tarius ( Lugd. 1641, fol. ) ; Fuller, Commentary ( Loud. 1C54, 1868, 8vo) ; Osiaiider, Commeiiiarius ( Tlib. 168'2, fol.) ; Cnicius, Verklaaring (Haarlem, 1691, 4to) ; Schmid, Adiiotationes (Argent. 1696, 4to); Carpzov, Disputa- tiones [to ii, 10] (Lips. 1703, 4to [Rabbinic]); Wer- ner, Interpretafio (Hamb. 1711, 4to); Outhof, VerHua- rini) (Ainst. 1711, 4to) ; Moldenhauer, Erldiiterung [in- cliid. Josh, and Judg.] (Quedl. 1774, 4to) ; MacGowan, Discourse ( Lond. 1781, 8vo ) ; Asulat, bjnr? nnTSill (Legh. 1782, 4to) ; Wolfssohn, "|!1N3 (Berl. 1788, 8vo) ; Lawson, Lectures (Edinb. 1805, 12mo; Phila. 1870, 8vo) ; Dereser, Erkldrung (Fr.-a.-M. 1806, 8vo) ; Kiegler, An- nie rk. (Wurzb. 1812, 8vo); Fnur, Beurbeitunff (Leips. 1815, 8vo); Macartney, Observations (Lond. 1841, 8vo) ; Biiicher, nin ( Lemb. 1843, 8vo ) ; Philpot, Lectures (Lond. 1854, 18mo) ; Tyng, History (N. Y. 1855 ; Lond. 1856, 8vo); Metzger, Interpretalio (Tlib. 1856, 4to ) ; Koordam, Versio Syr.-Hexapl. Griece cum Notis (Havn. 1859 sq., 4to) ; Wright, Commentary (Lond. 1864, 8vo). See Old Testament.
Ruthenian Version of the Holy Scriptures. This version, which is of a very recent date, has been prepared for the Kuthenians in Austria, the majority of whom belong to the Orthodox Greek Church, by Avhich the reading of the Holy Scriptures has never been prohibited. In the year 1875 the Gospel according to St. Luke, as prepared by Mr. Kob3'lanski, was print- ed, and thus the Word of God was given to the Ruthe- nian people in their own tongue for the first time. En- couraged by the success of the Ruthenian Gospel of St. Luke, the IJritish anil Foreign Bible Society, in the j'ear 1877, resolved to print the Gospel of St. John also, as translated bj' INIr. Kobylanski, whose translation Prof. Micklovich has critically examined and declared to be a complete success. See the Annual Reports of the Biit. and For. Bible Soc. 1875, p. 46 ; 1877, p. 5 1.' (B. P.)
Rutherford, Samuel, a Scottish minister and Cov- enanter, was born in the parish of Nisbet, Roxburgh- shire, about 1600. He was ordained minister of An- worth in 1627, but was silenced in 1636 for preaching against the articles of Perth. During the Rebellion he was a zealous defender of Presbyterianism, and in 1639 was appointed professor of divinity in the New College, St. Andrew's. He was commissioner to the assembly of divines at Westminster, 1643-47; principal of New College, St. Andrew's, 1649 ; and shortly after was raised to the rectorship. He died in 1661. Besides other works, he was the author of Exercitationes Apologeticce pro Divina Gratia, etc. (Amst. 1636, 8vo; Francf. 1651, 1660, 8vo) : — Plea for Paul's Presbytrie in Scotland (Lond. 1642) -.—Due Rights of Presbyteries (1644, 1645, 4to) : — Tryal and Triumph of Faith (1645, 4to; Edinb. 1845, 12mo), twentj'-seven sermons: — Divine Right of Church Government, etc. (Lond. 1646, 4to) : — Christ's Dy- i7ig,etc. (1647, 4to), sermons: — Survey of the Spiritual Antichrist (ibid. 1648, 2 parts, 4to) : — A Free Disputa- tion against Pretended Liberty of Conscience (1649, 4to) : — Disputatio Scholastica de Divina Providentia, etc. (Edinb. 1649, 1650, 4to) -.—Life of Grace (1659, 4to) :— Joshua Redivivus, or (352) Religious Letters (1664, 2 parts, r2mo; 1671, 8vo; with his dj'ing words and Mr. M' Ward's preface, Glasg. 1765, 8vo ; 9th ed. with bio- graphical sketches, edited bj' Rev. A. Bonar, 1862, 2 vols. 8vo) : — A Garden of Spices : — extracts from above by Rev. L. R. Dunn (Cincinnati, 1869, r2mo). See Mur- ray, Life, etc.; Scots Woi-thies ; Livingston, Character- istics ; Watt, Bibl. Brit. ; Thompson, Biog. Diet, of Emi- nent Scotsmen ; Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and A mer. A u- thors, s. V.