VI. Literahire. — Taking into view all the phases of controversy that have been developed in reference to the sacraments, the literature of the subject is exceed- ingly voluminous; but by far the greater part of it is now obsolete and never likely to be reproduced. That the discussions of the past have, on the whole, had a favorable issue is indicated by the fact that the great majority of modern publications relating to baptism and the Lord's supper are of a practical character, aiming to set forth the design, the obligations to their observ- ance, and the duties growing out of them. Publications of this character are so numerous and so common that an attempt to give a full or even a specimen list of their titles is deemed quite unnecessary. The following are chiefly books which discuss the broader aspects of the sacraments in general, or which furnish historical data respecting the development of sacramental theories : Chrysostom, On the Priesthood {f/o)ni/i<'ii) ; Augustine, On Catechising the Ignorant; On Baptism {Seimom 218, 272); On True Religion; Ambrose, On the Sacra- ments; Gregory Nazianzum, Oration 60; Gregory of 'isyssa, Catechetical Orations; Cyril of Jerusalem, Cate- chetical Discourses ; Gregory the Great, Liturgy ; Book of Morals ; the so-called Apostolic ('(institutions (bk. 8); Hmghaxn, Antiquities of the Christian Church; Ha*
SACRAMENTAL SEAL
218
SACRED HEART
genbach, History of Doctrines ; Neander, Church llis- t07-y ; Gieseler, Church History; Mel&ncthon, Se7tten- tia de Cami Domini ; Calvin, De Cana Domini ; Al- bertin, De Eucharistia ; Beza, Discourses ; Craumer, Definition of the True Doctrine of the Lord's /Supper ; Cudworth, True Xotion of the Lord's Supper; Halley, On Symbolic Institutions ; Barrows, Sermons ; South, Sermons; Owen, Sacramental Discouises ; Brevant, Sacrament and Sacrifice ; Willet, Synopsis Papismi ; Elliott, Romanism ; Bennett, History of the Eucharist ; Whately, On the Sacraments ; Adam Clarke. On the Eu- charist ; Luckey, On the Lord's Supper ; Nevin, Mys- tical Presence; Harbaugh, Creed and Culius; and Es- says by other authors in Tercentenai'y Monument of the Heidelbery Catechism. The authors who have discuss- ed the doctrine of the sacraments as a topic of theology are almost innumerable. See also all Church creeds, e. g. Schaff, Creeds of the Churches (N. Y. 1878, 3 vols. 8vo). (D. P. K.)
Sacramental Seal, an expression used by Rom- ish writers to denote the obligation which rests upon the priestliood to conceal those things the knowledge of which is derived from sacramental confession.
Sacranientals, a name given to those rites -which are of a sacramental character, but j'et are not true sac- raments— such as confirmation and matrimony.
Sacramentarians, a controversial name given by the Lutherans to the Zwinglians to designate their be- lief that the consecrated elements in the eucharist are merely sacramental symbols, and not in any way the means by which the body and blood of Christ are real- ly and truly present to, and conveyed to, the faithfid par- taker of them. The third volume of Schllisselburg's HcBreticorum Cataloyus contains 492 pages " De Secta Sacramentariorum qui Cingliani sen Calvinistae vocan- tur." — Blunt, Diet, of Sects, s. v. See Zwinglians.
Sacramentary, the name of a book in the Romish Church containing the collects, together with the can- on, or that part of the sacramental service which is in- variable.
Sacraments ; Sacramentum. See Sacra- ment.
Sacrarium, a term employed by the ancient Ro- mans to denote any place in which sacred things were deposited. A sacrarium was either public or private, the former being a part of a temple in which the idol stood, and the latter the part of a private house in which the Penates were kept. In the early Latin Church the name was given to the chancel or hema, and also to the siile table (ohlationarium) on which the offerings of the people were deposited.
Sacred Heart, Brotheks of the, a lay order in the Roman Catholic Ciuirch devoted to the instruction of youth, especially in France, where it was founded by the abbe Coindre in 182G, and whence it extended iu 1847 to the United States. The Brothers have acade- mies, orphan asylums, and schools, with more than GOO boys under their care, in Kentucky, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
SACRED HEART (of Jesus), Feast of the, a fes- tival of comparatively modern institution in the Roman Catholic Church, and for a time the subject of much controversy among Roman Catholics themselves. Its origin is traced to a vision recorded of a French nun of the Order of the Visitation, named Marj' Margaret Ala- coque, who lived at I'aray-le-iMonial, in Burgundy, in the latter half of the 17th century, and whose enthusi- asm led her to practice a special devotion to the heart of the Saviour. Tliis devotion was gradually jiropa- gated in France, and at length was api)roved by pope Clement XII in 1732 and I73G, and by Clement XIII in 17G5. Tlie festival is iield on the Friday after the oc- tave of Corpus Christi. — Chamhei-s's Encyclop. s. v.
This festival has for its principal object to excite in the hearts of those who celebrate it a feeling of love to
Jesus. It has doubtless given origin to the societies of CDgnate title. The instructions to these for each day iu the week are peculiar. Thus:
"ilfmda//.— You will enter into the opened heart of Jesus as into ».fvrimce of love, there to purify yoiuself from all stains coutracted duiinj; ihe week, and to destroy the life of sin, that you may live llie life of pure love, which will transform all into itself. This day will be dedicated to a si)ecial homage to the blessed Trinity.