Sengler, Jacob, a Roman Catholic divine of (ier- many, was born at Husenstamm, near Frankfort-on-the Main, Sept. 11, 1799. When twenty years of age, after having learned the trade of a shoemaker, he entered the gj'mnasium at Frankfort. In 1824 he studied the- ology at Tubingen, under Miihler, and in 1828 he at- tended the philosophical lectures of Schelling at i\Iu- nich. In 1830 he commenced publishing the Catholic Church Gazette for Germany, and numbered among his contributors, besides Dilllinger and Fischer, such Prot- estant divines as Hoffmann, Weiss, and others. In 1831 lie went to Marburg as professor of philosophy, where he remained for eleven years, living on the best terms with his Protestant colleagues, Ilupfeld, Kling, Henke, J. Midler, etc. In 18-12 he was called to Freiburg, where he lectured for thirty-six years, and where he also died, Nov. 8, 1878, live days after having retired from his office. As a philosopher, he tried to harmo- nize speculation with Christianity; as a Koman Cath- olic, he never believed in the Koman spirit of exclu- siveness. He wrote, Wiirdif/unr/ der Schrift ran I). Schulz: Ueber die Lehre vom heil. Ahendmahl (IMainz, 1830) -.—Die Idee Gottes (Heidelberg, 1845-f)2, 2 pts.) :— Die Erkennfnisslehre (ibid. 1858). See Zuchold, Bill. Theol. ii, 1223; Winer, Uandhnch der theol, Literaiur, i, 45-1, 582 ; ii, 73, 74, 77G ; Neue evawjel. Kirchenzeitung, Feb, 22, 1879, (B. P,)
Seugumara Biiama, in Hindu mythology, is one IX.— L L
of the most ancient, sages and princes of the human race. He was contemporary with king Druven, a grandson of the father of all who have been born, and gave to him his only daughter Bravibamey in mar- riage.
Seng-Wan-Mau, in Chinese mythology, is the supreme deity of the Chinese, which is composed of nothing, is created from nothing, and does or thinks nothing, though, as conceived of, is not without exalted divine attributes, e, g, incomprehensibilily, omniscience, justice, etc. He is seated in the highest heaven, and thence looks down in immovable quietude on the do- ings of mankind. He is never pictured, because no conception of his form is possible; but tliere are a num- ber of inferior gods, who preside over every rank of men, over every human occupation, city, etc, who are portrayed in every imaginable form, in clay, stone, wood, etc. These gods are subordinate to Seng-Wan- Mau, and are the rulers of human affairs, so that man's destinies, his weal and woe, are committed to their hands. Their images are worshipped, but they are also broken into fragments when the gods fail to grat- ify the wishes of the worshippers, — Vollmer, Worterb. d. Mythul. s. V.
Senior (1), a monk from the age of forty to fifty years who was excused from the external ofKces of provisor, procurator, cellarer, almoner, kitchener, master of the works, etc., but took his turn in singing masses. (2) The head of a college of secular canons, as at Christ- church, Hants, 1099. (3) At Osnaburg, Trent, Lilbeck, and in some Italian cathedrals, the antianus, or senior, corresponds to the archpriest of certain French cathe- drals, in which lie acted in the bishop's absence as his representative in the administration of sacraments and the benediction of ashes, palms, and the font. Such an archpriest was required in every cathedral by the Council of ]\Ierida. — Walcott, Sac. Archceolony, s. v.; Lee, Gloss, of Liturgical Terms, s. v.
Senior Bishop. In the Protestant Episcopal Church, the bishop who is oldest in the order of con- secration is thus known. The senior bishop is presi- dent of the House of Bishops, and has certain duties committed to him by the general constitution and can- ons of the Church. Except in case of intirmity, he con- secrates the newly elected bishop; he also receives the testimonials of a bishop elect, in case of such election taking place during the recess of the General Conven- tion, and transmits them to all the other bishops for their consent or dissent. Special general conventions are called by his summons on consent of all the bish- ops; the place of meeting of any general convention may be changed by him. This plan of deciding as to presidency was adopted in 1789; but in 1792 a different principle was adopted, viz. that of rotation. This con- tinued only for a short time, and the order of seniority was again established.
Seniority. See Senior Bishop.
Se'nir (1 Chron. v, 23; Ezek. xxvii, 5). See She-
NIR.
Senlis, Councils of {Concilium Silvanectense'). There were several councils held in Senlis, which is a town in the department of Oise. France.
I, Held in 873 by the bishops of the provinces of Sens and Kheims, in which Carloman, the son of king Charles the Bald, was brought to judgment, deposed from every ecclesiastical dignity, and reduced to lay communion, on account of his treasonable and other evil practices. See Mansi, ix, 257.
II. Held Nov. 14, 1235, by tlie archbishop of Rheims and six of his suffragans, who put the whole of the king's domains within the province of Rheims under an interdict. See Cojipikgne, Synods of.
HI. This council was held in 131(1 by Philip de Ma- rigni, archbishop of Sens. Nine Templars were con- demned and burned, denying m the hour of death their
SENNABRIS
530
SENNACHERIB
confession of guilt, extorted from them by torture. See Dubois, Hist, of Paris, p. 551.