"How beanteoas was he when, coming forth from the temple, He appeared from within the veil ! He was as the morning star in the midst of clouds, And as the moon in the days of Nisau: As the sun shining upon a palace, And as the rainbow in tlie cloud: As the waving wheat in the field, As the Persian lily by a fountain, And as the trees of Lebanon in the days of vintage: As the perfume of frankincense upon a censer, As a collar of gold of vaiiegatect beauty And adorned with precious stones: As a fair olive-tree whose boughs are perfect. And as the tree of anointing \vliose branches are full."
This description, says Stanley, "is that of a venerable personage who belonged to a nobler age and would be seen again no more." See Derenbourg, Essai sur I'/Jis- toire et la Geographie de la Pukstine, p. 47-51 ; Griitz, Gesch. d. Juden, ii, 235 sq., and his essay, Simon der Ge- rechte und seine Zeit, in Frankel's Monatsschrift, 1857, p. 45-56 ; Etheridge, Introduction to Ilebrev) Literature, J). 19 sq. ; Edersheim, The Temple, its Ministry and Ser- vices at the Time of Jesus Christ, p. 325; Milman, History of the Jews, i, 495 ; Stanley, flistoiy of the Jewish Chinxh, iii, 276 sq. ; Herzog, Real- Encyklop. xiv, 383; Biick, Gesch. d.jiid. Volkes, p. 37 sq.
7. Simon bkn-Lakish, was born at Bostra A.D. cir. 200, and died cir. 275. He was a man remarkable for liis bodily stature and a corresponding magnitude of in- tellect. For some time he served as a legionary in the Uoman army, and after his restoration to a life of study liecame, by marriage, the brother-in-law of K. Jochanan Bar-Napacha (q. v.). Ben-Lakisli, or more commonly Jiesh-Lakish, is the same who held that the hook of , lob was only an allegory, sbx Xn32 xbl IT^n xb ST^N rr^H 3'i5"2, i.e. "Job never lived and never existed, but is a parable." See Griitz, Gesch. d. Juden, iv, 2G() sq.
8. Simon bkn-Shktacii was the brother of Alexan- «lra (q. v.), (jueen of Alexander Janntcus (q. v.). When the Jews revolted against Januicus and six thousand •were killed, Simon ben-Shelach was saved l)y escaping to Egypt; but soon returned to Jerusalem, having been recalled through the influence of his sister. By way of supplement to what has already been stated on Simon l)en-Shetach in the art. Scribes (q. v.), we will adil tlie following. lie was a man of inflexible rigor, a liigh- minded ecclesiastic, sensitive willial, thought it no sin to refuse forgiveness to an adversary, and was ever on the alert to magnify his office before his flight to Alexandria. In the Talmud (^Sunhedrin, tr. "iPlj 3115) we read the following: "One of the king's ser- vants had committed a murder and then absconded. The king, as master of the fugitive, was summoned to answer for his servant, and, as master, did honor to the law by coming. As king, be remembered his dignity' and sat down in court, Ben-Shetach being judge.
' Stand up, king Jannai !' shouted this haughty judge, 'stand up upon thy feet while they bear witness con- cerning thee ; for thou dost not stand before us, but be- fore Him who spake and the world was.' . . . The royal displeasure was so signally manifested in consequence that a law was enacted to this effect: 'The king nei- ther judges nor is judged'" (Mishna, ii, 1). See (iriitz, Gesch. d^. Juden, iii, 107, 109, HI, 126, 133; Rule, History of the Karaite Jews, p. 22 sq. ; Derenbourg, Histoii-e et Geographie de la Palestine, p. 96 sq. ; I'ick, The Scribes Before andin the Time of Christ, in Lutheran Quarterly, 1878, p. 260 sq. ; Schiirer, Lehrbuch der nevtest. Zeitge- schichte, p. 122 sq., 128 sq., 41 1, 452, 454, (B. P.)
Simon, Count de. See Saint-Simon.
Simon of SuDBrnY was archbishop of Canterbury in 1375. lord chancellor in 1379, and was murdered by Wat Tyler's followers June 13, 1381.
Simon of Tournay was a dialectician who taught in the University of Paris at the beginning of the 13th century, and who was among the first to apply the Aris- totelian philosophy to theology. He is charged by Matthew Paris with having on one occasion interrupted his lecture, in which he had refuted certain arguments raised by himself against the doctrine of the Trinity, with the exclamation " O Jesus, Jesus, how much have I done to establish and honor thy teachings! If I were to become their opponent, I could certainly attack them with yet stronger objections !" Upon this he lost both speech and memory; and though he subsequently re- covered his mind to some little degree, he was unable to impress on his memory more than the Lord's Prayer and the Creed. Thomas Cantipratensis ascribes to him the crime usually attributed to the emperor P'rederick II, of having said that "there are three who have de- ceived and oppressed the world through their sects — Moses, Christ, and Mohammed." Both writers assert, but do not adequately prove, the immorality of Simon's life. Henry of (ilient, who became a doctor of the Sor- boime in about 1280, and who held a canonry at Tournay, merely saj's that Simon had followed Aristotle too far, and that he was for that reason regarded by some as a heretic. None of Simon's writings have appeared in print. The list of them is given b}' the authors of the Hist. lAtteraire de la France, xvi, 393, and they state that nothing is contained in them which conflicts with the belief of the Church. — Herzog, Reul-Encyldop. s. v.