Strange, John R., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, was born in Washington ( 'ounty, Ky., Jan. 14, 1838. He united with the Church in lf<53, was licensed to preach in 18.58, and in the fall of the same year was received into the Louisville Con- ference. He was made a supernumerary in 18G3, and was located at his own request in 1805. He engaged in the j)raptice of law until 1871, when he was readmit- ted into ihe Louisville Conference. He was again made superannuate in 1874, and died at Garnettsville, Ky., Jan. 28, 1875. "Mr. Strange was a man of more than ordinary intellectual power, and his concei)tion of doc- trinal truth was comprehensive and accurate." See Miniili^s of Annual Conferences of the M. E. Ch., South, 1875, p. 228.
Strange, Robert, Sir, an English engraver, was born at Pomona, in the Orkneys, July 14, 1721, of an ancii'iit fainily, ami, after many travels and advent- ures ill Europe, estalilished himself as a historian and artist in London, where he died, July 5, 171)2. IJesides many secidar and classical subjects, he engraved several of the saints, remarkable for their sweetness, but lack- ing vigor. lie left a list of them {Catalogue, etc. [Lond. 17U'J];. See Iloefer, Xouv. liiofj. Generale, s. v.
Stranger Cprop. ij, yir, or S"rn, toshub). These two llib. terms appear to describe, not two different classes of strangers, but the stranger under two different ns|ieits— //iV rather implying his foreign origin, or the taci ofhis having /»)■«*■(/ (/.II//,' toabide wiih another peo- ple, ^..<//«/y im|dyiiighis permanent risiilinrr in the land of his ailoption. Winer (liinlirb. s. v. " Eremde") regards the latter as equivalent to hireling. Jalin (Arvhmil. i, 1 L § 181) explains loshiib of one who, whether Hebrew or foreigner, was destitute of a home. We see no evi- dence for either of these opinions. In the Sept. these terms are most fre<)ueiilly rendered by Trof)uiKnr, the Alexandrian substitute fort he (•ljissi(al//fro(»ror. Some- time« 7r/io(Ti/X?ir«i- 's um'd, and in two passages (Exod. xii. I'.t; Ua. xiv, 1) ytiiopac, an representing theChahlee form of ilic word </t/-. A "blraiiger," in the technical
Hebrew sense of the term, may be defined to be a person of foreign, i.e. non-Israelitish, extraction, resident within the limits of the promised land. He was distinct from the proper "foreigner" ("^"ir'- nohi), inasmuch as the latter still belonged to another country, and would only visit Palestine as a traveller; he was still more distinct from the "nations" (U'^'ii, got/iin, usually rendered "hea- then"), or non-Israelitish peoples, who held no relation- ship with the chosen people of God. The term answers most nearly to the lireek ^f rot (cof, and may be compared with our expression " naturalized foreigner," in so far as this implies a certain political status in the country where the foreigner resides; it is opposed to one " born in the land" (n"iTX, ezrach), or, as the term more properly means, " not transplanted," in the same way that a natu- ralized foreigner is opposed to a native. The terms ap- plied to the "stranger" have special reference to the fact of his residing ("^1i«, -'^J^) in the land. See Foreigner. The existence of such a class of persons among the Israel- ites is easih' accounted for: the "mixed multitude" that accompanied them out of Egypt (Exod. xii, 38) formed one element; the Canaanitish population, which was never wholly extirpated from their native soil, formed another and a still more important one; captives taken in war formed a third; fugitives, hired servants, mer- chants, etc., formed a fourth. The number from these various sources must have been at all times very con- siderable; the census of them in Solomon's time gave a return of 153,600 males (2 Chron. ii, 17), which was equal to about a tenth of the whole population. The enact- ments of the Mosaic law, which regulated the political and social position of resident strangers, were conceived in a spirit of great liberality. With the exception of the Moabites and Ammonites (Dent, xxiii, 3), all nations were admissible to the rights of citizenship under cer- tain conditions. It woidd appear, indeed, to be a con- sequence of the prohibition of intermarriage with the Canaanites (vii, 3), that these would be excluded from the rights of citizenship; but the Rabbinical view that this exclusion was superseded in the case of proselytes seems highlj' probable, as we find Doeg the Edomite (1 Sam. xxi, 7 ; xxii, 9), Uriah the Hittite (2 Sam. xi, 6), and Araunah the Jebusite (xxiv, 18) enjoying, to all appearance, the full rights of citizenship. Whether a stranger could ever become legally a land-owner is a question about which there may be doubt. Theoreti- cally the whole of the soil was portioned out among the twelve tribes; and Ezekiel notices it as a peculiarity of the division which he witnessed in vision that the strangers were to share the inheritance with the Israel- ites, and should thus become as those "born in the coun- try" (Ezek. xlvii, 22). Indeed, the term "stranger" is more than once applied in a pointed manner to signify one who was not a land-owner ((ien. xxiii, 4 ; Lev. xxv, 23); while, on the other hand,P2ra<:-A (A. V. "born in the laiul") may have reference to the possession of the soil, as it is borrowed from the image of a tree not ti-ansplanted, and so occupying its native soil. The Israelites, how- ever, never succeeded in obtaining possession of the whole, and it is possible that the Canaanitish occupants may in course of time have been recognised as "stran- gers," and had the right of retaining their land conceded to them. There was of course nothing to prevent a Ca- naaiiile from becoming the mortgagee in possession of a plot, but this woidd not constitute him a projicr land- owner, inasmuch as he would lose all interest in the property when the year of jubilee came round. That they ])ossessed land in one of these two capacities is clear from the case of Araunah above cited. The stran- ger appears to have been eligil)le to all civil oflices, that of king excepted (Dent, xvii, 15). In regard to religion, it was absolutely necessary that the stranger should not infringe any of the fuiulamental laws of the Israelitish State : he was forbidden to blas|dieme the name of Jeho- vah (^Lev. xxiv, 16), to work ou the Sabbath (Exod. xx,