Sudlioff, Carl, a doctor of divinity, and prominent theologian of the Calvinistic Church of German}^, who died in the year 1865 at Frankfort-on-the-Main, is the author of, Weihestiimlen (4th ed. Hamm. 1865): — Der IIeidelberf/e7- Katechismus zergliedei-t (2d ed. Kreuznach, 1854) : — De Convenientia qiice infer ittrumgue Gratim In- strumentum, Verbum Dei, et San-amentum Intercechtt, etc. (ibid. 1852) :— /?* cler Stille (Frankfort, 1859, 2 pts.) :— Fester Grund christlicher Lehre, ein lliilfsbuch zum flei- delberger Katechismus ( ibid. 1857 ) : — Geschichte der christl. Kirche (2d ed. ibid. 1861, 2 vols.) : — Commiinion- huch (2d ed. ibid. 1859): — Christliche Religionslehre (ibid. 1861): — Theologisches Handbuch zitr Auslef/unff dfs Ueidelberrjer Katechismus (ibid. 1862). Besides a number of articles for Herzog's Real- Encyklop., he also wrote the lives of C. Olevianus and Z. Ursinus, pub- lished in the 8th part of Leben mid ausyewdhUe Schrif- ten der Vdter iind Begr Under der reformirten Kirche. See Zuchold, Bibl. Theol. ii, 1293 sq. (B. P.)
Su'dias CSov^iat;), a corrupt Greek form (1 Esdr. V, 26) of the name Hodaviah or Hodevah (q. v.) of the Hebrew lists (Ezra iii, 40; Neh. vii, 43).
Sudices, the Fates of the Bohemians and Mora- vians, supposed to resemble the Koman I'urcce.
Sudia, in Hinduism, is the lowest of the four castes among the Hindus, sprung from Brahma's feet and ap- pointed to serve the other castes. It includes all inferior laborers and servants.
Sudri, one of the four powerful dwarfs of the Norse mythology, who sujtport the arch of the sky at the four regions from which the}' derive their names. The oth- er dwarfs are Nordri, Westri, and Austri. — Yollmer, Worterb. d. Mythul. s. v.
Suehre, in Persian mythology, is the name of the planet Venus before it was placed in the sky. It is identical with the Arabic Anahid. Suehre was an ex- ceedingly charming maiden, of whom two angels be- came enamoured, and who resisted their advances with the result that she was removed to the skies, while they were banished to the abyss. In her new abode she is served by thousands of celestial spirits, who adore her for her virtue and beauty. — Vollmer, Worterb. d. Mythol. s. V.
Suemmer Oala, in Lamaism, is a mountain of vast elevation, which is surrounded by three others, upon whose circle rests a second circle of four mountains, all of them being of gold, with the exception of the central one, which is composed of a single green stone. These mountains are the place of abode of the free spirits, Erike Bariksan. The wicked spirits dAvell in the cav- erns of the mountains, and their chief there holds a pow- erful castle. — Yollmer, Worterb. d. Mytlwl. s. v.
Suenes, a Christian nobleman in Persia, who, re- fusing to deny Christ, had his wife taken from him, and given to one of the em]ieror's meanest slaves ; and what added to his mortification was that he was ordered to wait upon his wife and the slave, which at length broke his heart.
Sueur, EusTACiiE Le, one of the most celebrated of French painters, was born in 1017, and after studying with his father, a sculptor, was placed in the school of Simon Vouet at Paris. He soon excelled his master, and adopted a style which is noted for its simplicity and severity. He has beeu termed by his adrnirers the French Raphael ; but he was far behind that great mas- ter in every respect. He died in 1655. He painted the celebrated series of St. Bruno, twenty-two large pictures on wood, in the cloister of the Carthusians at Paris, be- fore his thirtieth year: — Sf. Paul Preaching at Ephesiis: — The Gentiles Burning their Prescribed Book (1649), engraved by Picart and Massard: — Paul Heeding the Sick: — Martyrdoms of St. Laurence and St. Protuis, both engraved by Gerard Audran. He painted many other celebrated pictures, as, Christ Scowged: — Christ loith Martha and Mary : — The Presentation in the Tem- ple : — The Histories of St. Martin and St. Benedict. See English Cyclop, s. v.
Suez. See Eed Sea.
Suffering-day. See Goon-FRinAv.
Suffering-psalm, the name given to Psalm xxii, " Deus, Dens mens;" used in the services of the Church on Good-Friday.
Suffering-'week. See Passion-aveek.
Sufferings of Christ. See Vicarious Suffer- ing.
Suffetum, Council of {Concilium Suffetanum), was held in 528, at which St. Fulgentius was present. Bish- op Quod-vult-Deus (who had disputed the point of pre- cedency with him at the Council of Junga, in Africa), at his re(iuest, presided.
Suffragan {suff'raganeus') is the title applied to ev- ery ecclesiastic who has to assist his superior. In this way Alcuin explains the term in a letter to Charle- magne : " Suflfraganeus est nomen mediae significationis; ideo nescimus quale fixum ei apponere debeamus, ut prcsbj'terorum, aut abbatum, aut diaconorum, aut cae-
SUFFRAGE
10
SUFISM
terorum graduum inferionim, si forte cpiscoporum no- meii, (lui aliqiiaiiilo vestni; civitati siilijccti eraiit, aiUle- re debenuis" {O/Hra, \). IKid). Tlie term is also usoil as synonymous witli ricariits (see Du Fresiie, (lldsxdri- um, s. v.). It is given more especially to bishops, how- ever, and in respect to them with a twofold reference. A suffrar/an bishop is an ('pi.<cuj)ug in j)ar/ibiis iiifuhUum employed as the vicar and assistant of a rej;ular dio- cesan bishop ; but the name is given to the latter also in view of the relation he sustains, if not exempt [see ExKMi'rioN'], to his metropolitan. The relation sus- tained by all the sulTragans of a jirovince {coinprovinci- ales) together with their metropolitan, and the rights belonging to the latter in his relation to the suffragans and their subordinates, have been exactly determined, and are stated in (iratian, Causa iii, qu. 6, and Cuitsd ix, qu. 3. Various decisions occur also in the decretals, which ordain that the consecration of a meirojiolitan shall be performed by all his suffragans. The rights of metropolitans over their suffragans are limited. See Innocent III in c. 11, J)e Officio JuiUcis Ordiiiarii, i, 31. — Ilerzog, Reul-Encykiop. s. v. See Akchhisiiop;