See Hist. Lit. de la France, xii, 3G1 ; Bernardi, Fssai Hist, sur I'Ahhe Suger, in A?-chires Lit.de V Europe (Par. 1807), vol. xiv and xv ; Carne, Etudes sur les Fondatevrs de V Unite Nut. en France (ibid. 1848), vol. i; Combes, L'Abbe Suger (ibid. 1853); monk Willielm's (a contem- porary) biography of Suger, in Guizot, Coll. des Me- moires, vol. viii. — Herzog, Real-Encykiop. s. v.
Suggestum, or Suggestio (« desk), a name frequently given to the htma, or sanctuary, of a church.
SUGGESTUM Lectorum, one of several names given to the Ajibo (q. v.), or reader's desk.
Sugin ("pS'tD, from 3^0), or pairs, is a Masoretic term to denote groups of words which occur in one sec- tion several times, once in this connection and once in another connection. These instances having been no- ticed by the Masorites, they arranged them into "p31D, or pairs. Thus the Massora Finalis gives under the letter He (p. 216, col. 1) " eleven pairs, each one of which pair alternately occurs with an audible He ( = Mappik) and with a quiescent He ( = Eaphe):" e. g.'PTisa (Prov. xxxi, 10) and mi-a (Gen. xxv, 31); PnyiTI (Lev. xiii, 20) and iTi"T:;1 (ver. 4). Or the Masorites tell us of " twenty-two words beginning and ending with Far, each one of which occurs twice: once JLilra, or with Vav conjunctive, and once Mikl, or with Vav con- versive," as "nn^Si'l (Gen. xli, 35) and 1-i2:ii_l (Exod. viii, 10); ^.0Z-\•'^ (xxviii,28) and ID^'T'I (xxxix, 21). They tell us that "there are four groups of words, each of which occurs twice in the same book : once with a word less and a letter more, and once with a word more and a letter less." The first of such a pair is "Jehovah, thy God, thou shalt fear, and him thou shaft serve" (Dent, vi, 13); the second, "Jehovah, thy God, thou shalt fear, him thou shalt serve, and to him" (x, 20), which will be best illustrated by the Hebrew, viz. :
"inrr irsi xnin -"^nbx miT^ rx (Deut. vi, i3). 131 larn irs xtti -|^nbx nini rx (Dent, x, 20).
They enumerate instances in which four words occur twice in the same sentence, once with the negative particle NP and once without it, as "iJ'TX nb (Gen. xxiii, 11) and '^SIX (ver. 15), or -;sn xb (Lev. xiii, 4) and "^sn (ver. 20). They mention five pairs of words
SUICER
12
SULLIVAN
wliich respectively occur once with, the Var conjunc- tive and once without it, as yo'^ "pS (Josh, xix, 7) and ',ir-l -pSI (XV, 32); '(biaT IZCTT'i (Exod. i, 3) and ^^h1Z^^ 12Cr"'1 (Gen. xxxv, 23). Without in- creasinj; tlic number tlie reader is referred to FrensdorfF (.yfassoru M(i(/ii(i, p. 339 sq.), wliere, under the heading "p31T, these pairs are given in alphabetical order. A complete list of the above-quoted instances is given by Frensdorff in his Oclila-ve-Ochhi, p. 14. 52. § 42; p. 14, 52 sq., § 45; p. 133, § 232; p. 138, § 250; p. 138. !; 251 ; and in Levita, Miisaoreth Ihrmmusoreth (eil. Ginsb.), p. 178, 207,212,223,229, (B. P.)
Suicer, Johann Caspau, the author of the The- saurus h'nhsiii.i/iciig.was born Jmie 2(5, 1G20. lie was educated in Zuricb. Montaulian, and .Saumur. In 1043 he returned to Zuricli, and became pastor in the Tiiur- gau, but was recalled in 1044 to the schools of the for- mer city. In lt>4l) he became inspector of (he ahinniate and professor of Hebrew, ten years afterwards professor of Greek and Latin in the Culli'i/ium Uumanitatii, and in 1660 professor of Greek and canon in the superior col- lege {Carolimini). He remained in this position until 1683, and died Dec. 29, 1684.
Suicer rendered valuable service to theology by his thorough philological labors. His earliest works were text-biKiks for stuilents: Si/Hof/c Vucum .Xori Test. (Tig. 1648, and 1659 with appended compend of Greek pros- ody; republished in 1744 by Hageiibach): — i^i/ntaxeos Grcecce, etc. (1651) : — 'Ef.t7rvpti'i.inra EvcflStiac, quo dues Ckn/sostomi et duee Basil it M. Ilomihe Cant inentu?; etc. (1658 and 1681): — Job. Frisii Tigurini Diet. Lutino- Gerni. et Germ.-Ldt. (^UiGl srj. ): — Commnii \'<stibul. Hcholarum Usui felicius Accoiitmodatum, etc. (1665) : — finally, the celebrated Thesaurus Eccles. (Amst. 1682. 2 vols, fol.; two enlarged eds. 1728 and 1821, with supple- ments) : — Lexicon Gr(ecQ-Lat.et Lat.-Grtecum (1683): — and, after Suicer's death, the Si/mhol. Nicmno-Const. et ex Antiquitate Eccles. Illustratum (fraj. ad l!h. 1718, 4to). Various other writings were left in manuscript, and the Lexicon Gr(vc. Majus and Exposilio Si/uibuLct Apost.et Athunasiani are lost. Suicer's learning in these works, particularly the Thesaurus, is so evident that Charles I'atin, in his Travels, observes that Suicer understood more (Jreek than all the (ireeks taken together.
Suicer took but little part in the doctrinal contro- versies of his day. He regretted their existence, and assisted his friend Heidegger in securing a modifica- tion of the Formula Consensus. — Herzog, Real- Encyklop. s. V. See Hki.vktic Consensus.
Suicide (Lat. sui, one's self, and ca-dere, to kill) is defined as the killing of one's self with malice afore- thought, and while in the possession of a sound mind. It is known in the law as f'eto de se, and is considered felony. In the early Church suiciilcs were called jiio- dcivdTOi (biothanali), from ofl'eriiig violence to them- selves. Hecause suicide was a crime tliat could have no penance imjiosed upon it. the Church denied the sui- cide the honor and solemnity of a Christian burial, and allowed him to lie excommunicated and <leprived of all memorial in her prayers after death. In England this crime was punished not only with forfeiture of goods and chattels, like other felonies, but the bodj- of tlie sui- cide was buried in the night at the crossings of two highways with a slake driven through (he body. This ancient ride was repealed l)y Statute 4 (ieorge IV, c. 51, and now the burials take place in a churchyard, but be- between 9 and 12 I'.M.