(5.) There were porters' lodges adjoining at least five of the gates (Middoth, i, 1), and (irobalily similar structures for the accommodation of the Leviies guarding each of the gates (1 Chr(m. xxvi, 12. 13).
(6.) The Talmud also speaks of .shops in this court, where articles used in sacrilice were kept for sale, as well as of a room in which the Jewish "Council of Twenty-three," and afterwards the Sanhedrim, sat ; these Lightfoot lo- cates near the Sliushan Gate, the former on the ground- floor and the latter oveihead (Works, ix, 241-244). It was probably an abuse of this privilet'o of sale that led to 'he introduction of cattle, sheep, and pigeons by the traders whom Christ expelled.
(II.) The Saobrt) Enolosube. Brevity will require that in the consideration of the de- tails of the interior portions of the Temple the simple di- mensions and statements should be exhibited, together with their authority, with as little discussion as possible.
1. A lattiee-ioall all around, 1 cubit broad, 3 cubits hiirh, with equidistant pillars cimtaiuing notices of non-adinis- sii>n (Josephus, Ant. xv, 11, 5; War, v, 5, 2) ; called chel (Lam. ii, 8).
2. This stood 12 steps, each one half cubit high and broad, above the Gentiles' Court [on the north and south sides] {Middoth, ii, 3), but 14 [on the east side] (IFar, v, 5, 2).
3. Adjoining was a jilatform, 10 cubits wide ( War, v, 5, 2).
(III.) Tub Codrt or this Womf.n.
1. This court (called also New Court, 2 Chron. xx, 5; Outer Court, Ezek. xlvi, 21: Treasury, John viii, 20) was 135 cubits square [internally] (Middoth, ii, 5); "four- square" ( War, V, 5, 2).
2. A gate on each side (War, v, 5, 2). These were 30 cu- bits wide [including ornaments], supported by pillars iit the side, and having rooms above (War, v, 5, 3).
3. The east gate (called "Beautiful," Acts iii, 2) was 40 cubits wide [including side ornaments of 5 cubits] (War, V, .5, 3).
4. There were 5 .'<ti'ps from the platform [i. e. the differ- ence between the floors of this court and that of the Is- raelites] (War,v, 5,2,3).
5. There were 15 .'steps to the Court of the Israelites ( War, V, 5, 3) ; circular for the "Psalms of degrees" {Mid- doth, ii, 5).
6. Corner courts of the Women's Court, each 40 cubits from east to west [and 30 broad], with interior open spaces, 20 cubits by 14, for boiling sacrifices; the covered rooms around that in the north-east corner for performing the ceremony of release from a Nazarite's vow, in the south- east for a wood repository, in the south-west for cleans- ing lepers, in the north-west chambers for wine and oil for offerings (Middoth, ii, 5 ; Ezek. xlvi, 21-24). Lightfoot, however, makes the Nazarites' room in the south-east, the wood-room 'n the north-east, the lepers' room in the north-west, and the wine and oil rooms in the south-west, from the rabbins ( Works, ix, 307).
7. Sitigle galleries of two stories [men below, women above] between the corner courts [on the north, east, and west sides] (Middi.th, ii, 5) ; supported by columns similar to those ofthe Gentiles' Court (ifar, v,5, 2).
8. There were eleven treasure-chests distributed in front ofthe columns in this court, besides the two at the gate Shushau for the half-shekel tax (Lightfoot, from the rab- bins, Works, ix, 315).
9. Underground rooms for musical instruments on each side of the gate between this and the Israelites' Court (Middoth, ii, 0).
10. There was a tower over the east [Beautiful] gate with an occult [subterranean] imssage from the Tower Au- tonia for the Roman guard (Ant. xv, 11, 7).
(IV.) Tun CouitT OP THE Israelites.
1. This was 187 cubits from east to west, 135 from north to south, 8 cubits wide on the north and south, and 11 on the east and west (Middoth, ii, 6).
2. Surrounded by a portico similar to those of the Gen- tiles' Court, but single ( War, v, 5. 2).
3. Had three gates on the north and sonth, none on the west (Middoth, i, 4; War, v, 5, 2). Those on the north and south equidistant (Ant. xvi, 11, 5; Middoth, v, 3).
4. East gate called Higher Gate (2 Kings XV, ,35; 2 Chron. xxvii, 3), New Gate (Jer. xxvi, 10 ; xxxvi, 10), Gate of En- trance (Ezek. xl, 15), Oate of Xicanor (Middoth, i, 4).
5. Gates and rooms in the wall adjoining as follows, be- ginning at the south-west corner (for tlie authority of most of these points it is sufficient to refer to Lightfoot's citations [Worki, ix, 333-3S0], as there can be no dispute respecting them. We have not in all cases arranged the rooms precisely like Liijhtfoot, but have made a few slight changes where they seemed requisite) :
(1.) Sentinel's Hall, west ofthe first gate.
(2.) Gate of Kindling.
(3.) Guard-rnotn, adjoining east.
(4.) Gate of Firstling.% in the middle.
(5.) Giiard-room, adjoining it.
(6.) Wood-rooTn for the use of the altar, adjoining the
(7.) Water-gate, the last on this side.
(8.) Well-room, with its draw-well connected with a res- ervoir [the aqueduct from Bethlehem f ] deriving its waters from a westerly direction, and an engine for forcing it into the priests' laver.
(9.) Hotise Gaztth, at the south-east corner, consisting of two parts ;