4. Anathematizes those who teach that the ■npeaftimpoi, of wlioin James speaks, are old persons, and not priests.
•After this the question of reform came before them, and fourteen chapters upon the subject of episcopal jurisdic- tion were published.
1. Forbids the granting of dispensations and permis- sions by the court of Koine to the prejudice of the bish- op's authority.
2. Forbids bishops in partibus infidcliiini, upon the strength of their privileges, to ordain any one nnder any pretext without the express permission of, or letter dis- niissoiy from, the ordinary.
3. Gives bishops power to suspend clerks ordained wiiliout proper examination or witliout their license.
4. Orders that all secular clerks whatever, and all reg- ulars living out of their monasteries, shall be always, and in all cases, subject to the correction of the bishop in whose diocese they are, notwithstanding any privileges, exemption, etc., whatsoever.
5. Relates to the conservators.
6. Orders all clerks, under pain of suspension and de|i- rivation, to wear the habit suited to their order, and for- bids them the use of short garments and green and red stockings.
7. Enacts that a clerk guilty of voluntary homicide shall be deprived of all ecclesiastical orders, lieneflces, etc.
S. Checks the interference of prelates in the dioceses of others.
i). Forljids the perpetual union of two churches situated in different dioceses.
10. Directs that benefices belonging to the regulars shall be given to regulars only.
11. Directs that iio one sliall be admitted to the relig- ious life who will not promise to abide in the convent in subjection to the superior.
12. Declares that the right of patronage can he given only to those who have built a new church or chapel, or who endow one already built.
13. Forbids all patrons to make their presentation to any one but to the bishop, otherwise the presentation to be void.
In a congregation held Dec. 23 the sacrament of or- ders was considered, and twelve articles taken from the Lutheran writings were produced for examination. Subsequently eight canons were drawn up condemning as heretics those who maintained the following propo- sitions: 1. That orders is not a true sacrament. 2. That the priesthood is the (uily order. 3. That there ought to be no hierarchy. 4. That the consent of the jieople is necessary to the validity of orilers. b. That there is no visible priesthood. 6. That unction is unnecessa- ry. 7. That this sacrament does not confer the Holy Sjiirit. 8. That bishops are not by divine appoint- ment nor superior to priest.s.
Session XV (Jan. 25, 1552). — In this session a decree was read to the ett'ect that the decrees upon the sub- ject of the sacritice of the mass and the sacrament of orders, which were to have been read in this session, would be deferred until March 19 under the pretence that the Protestants, to whom a new safe-conduct had been granted, might be able to attend.
In the following congregation the subject of mar- riage was treated of, and thirty-three articles thereon were submitted for examination.
The disputes which arose between the ambassadors of the emperor and the legates of the pope produced another cessation of the council. The Spanish bishojis and those of the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, as well as all who were subjects of the emperor, wished to con- tinue the council; but those, on the other hand, who were in the interests of the court of Rome did all they C(nild to prevent its continuance, and were not sorry when the report of a war between the emperor and IMaurice, elector of Saxony, caused most of the bishops to leave Trent. In the meantime some Protestant the- ologians arrived, and urged the ambassadors of the em- peror to obtain from the fathers of the council an an-
swer to certain propositions, and to induce them to en- gage in a conference with them; both of which, how- ever, the legates, upon various pretexts, eluded.
Sessiun X 17 (May 2iS, 1552). — The cliief part of the prelates having then departed, the pope's bull declar- ing ttie council to be suspended was read in this ses- sion. This suspension lasted for nearly ten years; but on Nov. 21), 15G0, a bull was published by Pius IV (wiio succeeded to the papacy upon the death of -lulius III, in 1555) for the reassembling of tiie council at Trent on the following Easter-day; but from various causes the reopening of the council did not take place until the year 15G2.
Session XVII (Jan. 18, 15G2). — One hundred and twelve bishops and several theologians were iircsent. The bull of convocation and a decree for the continua- tion of the council were read; the words "proponenti- bus legatis" inserted in it passed in spite of the oppo- sition ol four Spanish bishops, who represented that the, clause, being a novelty, ought not to be admitted, and that it w as, moreover, injurious to the authority of oecu- menical councils.
In a congregation held Jan. 27 the legates proposed the examination of the books of heretics and the an- swers to them composed by Catiiolic authors, and re- quested the fathers to take into their consideration the construction of a catalogue of prohibited works.
Session XVIII (Feb. 26, 15(52). — In this session the pope's brief was read, who left to the council the care of drawing up a list of prohibited books. After this a decree upon the subject of the books to be prohibited was read, inviting all persons interested in the qnes-« tion to come to the council, and promising them a hear- ing.