ESTABLISU-MENT.
Volupia, in Roman mythology, was the goddess of prosperity and lust. She had a sanctuary at Pvome.
•out in
Volusian was the son of the Roman emperor Cal- lus, upon whose elevation in A.D. 251 he was styled Ciesar and J'rinceps Juventutis. In 252 he held the of- fice of consul, and was invested with the title of .1 iigus- tus, reigning in conjunction with his father. They re- newed the persecutions against the Christians, which seemed to be subsiding under their predecessor, Decius. Volusian perislied with his father at Interamna, in 253 (or 254). See Mosheim, Hist, of the Church, bk. i, cent, iii, pt. i, ch. ii; Eusebius, Eccles. Hist. lib. vii, ch. i; Cyprian, Epistles Ivii, Iviii ; Smith, Diet, of Class. Biog.
s. V. '
Voluspa is the oldest and most interesting of the Eddas. It contains the whole system of Scandinavian mythology — the Creation, the origin of man, how evil and death were brought into the world ; and concludes by a prediction of the destruction and renovation of the universe, and a description of the future abodes of bliss and misery. See Nokse Mythology.
Volute (Lat. volutus^ztmn^A'), a spiral scroll form- ing the principal charac- teristic of the Ionic capital. Volutes are also useil on the capitals of the Corin- thian and Composite or- ders. Several examples will be found in the il- lustrations accompanying the article Oiidek.
Volutina, in Roman mythology, was a rustic goddess who effected in grain the shooting ears.
Volvino was a Jlilanese artist of the 10th century, who produced the c{i\%hrnU'i\ paUiotto cZ' o?o, or gold pal- lium, for the Cinirch of San Ambrogio at Milan, which Lanzi says "may be pronounced, in point of style, equal to the finest specimens of the dittici, or small ivory al- tar pieces, that the museums of sacred art can afford." See Lanzi, Storia Pittorica delV Italia (Milan, 1824-25).
Voorst, Conrad. See VoiiSTius, Conrad.
Voorst, Johann van, a Protestant theologian of Germany, was born at Wesselburg in 1623. He stud- ied at Wittenberg, and was appointed in 1653 rector at Flensburg. In 1655 the Rostock University made him a licentiate of theology, and shortly afterwards he was called to Berlin as rector of the Joachimsthal Gymna- sium. In 1660 he resigned his position, and became librarian to the elector of Brandenburg. He died Aug. 4, 1676. He wrote, Dissertatio de Lingua Omnium Pi-ima (Flensburg, 1675): — Syntagma Miscellaneorum Academicorum (Rostock, 1652) : — De Uebraismis Novi Testamenti Comment. (Leyden, 1665): — De Notabili Cori-ectionum Masoreticarum Genere (ibid. 1678): — Diatribe de Adagiis N. T. (Berlin, 1669), etc. See Moller, Cimbria Litterata ; Winer, Handb. der theol. Lit. i, 30, 125, 129, 912; Jocher, A llgemeines Gelehrten-Lex. s. v. ; FUrst, Bibl. Jud. iii, 487 ; Steinschneider, Bibl. Handb. s. V. (B. P.)
Voorst, Wilhelm Heinrich van dem, a Dutch scholar, son of Conrad, was born at Steinfurt, and ac- companied his father to Holland, where he shared his fortunes. After the subsidence of the disputes between the Gomarists and the Arminians, he returned to Hol- land, and became pastor of the Remonstrants at Leyden, where he occupied himself in quiet studies until his death, about 1660, Ho translated several Rabbinical treatises into Latin, especially Maimonides' work on the Lavjs of Moses (Amst. 1638; Franek. 1684, 4to). See the Biographic Universelle, s. v.
Voph'si (Heb. Vophsi', "'pSI, perh. additional [Gesen.] or rich [Fiirst]; Sept. Sa/S/ v. r. 'la/Si; Vulg. Vopsi), the father of Nahbi, wliich latter was the spy appointed by Moses from the tribe of Naphtali to ex- plore Canaan (Numb, xiii, 14). B.C. ante 1657.
VORAGINE
814
YOS
Voragine. See Varaggio.
Voiilongus, (JiLiF.LMUs, a French Dominican of tlu; l.'ilh cent uiy, was called to Rome by pope Pius II to defeiul his order aj^ainst the Franciscans relative to the blood ol' Christ. lie wrote a Conuneittcrry on the Four Books of Sentmces (Lyons, 1484), and a collection of passages from the Sentences, which are against Sco- tus. He died at Rome in 1'164. See Mosheim, Hist, of the Church, bk. iii, cent, xv, pt. ii, ch. ii.
Voris, CouNKi.iL'S P., a Presbyterian minister, was born in Switzerland County, Ind., March 14, 18-27. Af- ter a good academical course of study, he entered Hano- ver College, where he graduated in 1858. He studied theology at Princeton, N. J. He was licensed by the JMadison Presbytery in April, 18G0, but was never or- dained. He preached as stated supply in Lexington, Ind., for more than a year. He died Aug. 4, 1862. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. A Imanac, 1863, p. 215.
Voronikhin, Andrei Nikopiiorovitch, a Rus- sian architect. >vas born among the peasantry of count Alexander Stroganov in 1760. He was sent by that nobleman, on account of his artistic talents, to Moscow, where he received instruction from the eminent archi- tects Bazhenov and Kasakov. He was then sent to travel with count Paul Stroganov, sou of Alexander, with whom he visited Southern Russia, Germany, and Switzerland, and resided some time in Paris, where he continued ids architectural studies with diligence. In 1790 he returned to St. Petersburg, where the assistance of his patron soon brought him into notice and employ- ment. He became professor in the Academy of Arts, and was employed in 1800 by the emperor Paul as architect of the magnificent cathedral to be built in the Nevskii Prospect, and dedicated to Our Lady of Kazan. The edifice was comideted in 1815, and forms one of the finest architectural works in St, Petersburg. Voroni- khin also erected many other edifices, public and private. He died in 1814. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Fine A rts, s. V.